=pod
I<full documentation of predefined variables: L<perlvar>>
=head2 General Variables
=over 8
=item *
B<< $_>> - The default input and pattern-searching space
=item *
B<< @_>> - Within a subroutine the array C<@_> contains the parameters passed to
that subroutine
=item *
B<< $">> - When an array or an array slice is interpolated into a double-quoted
string or a similar context such as C</.../>, its elements are
separated by this value
=item *
B<< $$>> - The process number of the Perl running this script
=item *
B<< 0ドル>> - Contains the name of the program being executed
=item *
B<< $(>> - The real gid of this process
=item *
B<< $)>> - The effective gid of this process
=item *
B<< $<strong>> - The real uid of this process
=item *
B<< $>>> - The effective uid of this process
=item *
B<< $;>> - The subscript separator for multidimensional array emulation
=item *
B<< $a>>, B<< $b>> - Special package variables when using C<sort()>, see L<perlfunc/sort>
=item *
B<< %ENV>> - The hash C<%env> contains your current environment
=item *
B<< $]>> - The revision, version, and subversion of the Perl interpreter, represented
as a decimal of the form 5.XXXYYY, where XXX is the version / 1e3 and YYY
is the subversion / 1e6
=item *
B<< $^F>> - The maximum system file descriptor, ordinarily 2. System file
descriptors are passed to C<exec()>ed processes, while higher file
descriptors are not
=item *
B<< @F>> - The array C<@f> contains the fields of each line read in when autosplit
mode is turned on
=item *
B<< @INC>> - The array C<@inc> contains the list of places that the C<do EXPR>,
C<require>, or C<use> constructs look for their library files
=item *
B<< %INC>> - The hash C<%inc> contains entries for each filename included via the
C<do>, C<require>, or C<use> operators
=item *
B<< $INC>> - As of 5.37.7 when an C<@inc> hook is executed the index of the C<@inc>
array that holds the hook will be localized into the C<$inc> variable
=item *
B<< $^I>> - The current value of the inplace-edit extension
=item *
B<< @ISA>> - Each package contains a special array called C<@isa> which contains a list
of that class's parent classes, if any
=item *
B<< $^M>> - Perl can use the contents of C<$^m>
as an emergency memory pool after C<die()>ing
=item *
B<< ${^MAX_NESTED_EVAL_BEGIN_BLOCKS}>> - This variable determines the maximum number C<eval EXPR>/C<begin> or
C<require>/C<begin> block nesting that is allowed
=item *
B<< $^O>> - The name of the operating system under which this copy of Perl was
built, as determined during the configuration process
=item *
B<< %SIG>> - The hash C<%sig> contains signal handlers for signals
=item *
B<< %{^HOOK}>> - This hash contains coderefs which are called when various perl keywords
which are hard or impossible to wrap are called
=item *
B<< $^T>> - The time at which the program began running, in seconds since the
epoch (beginning of 1970)
=item *
B<< $^V>> - The revision, version, and subversion of the Perl interpreter,
represented as a L<version> object
=item *
B<< $^X>> - The name used to execute the current copy of Perl, from C's
C<argv[0]> or (where supported) F</proc/self/exe>
=back
=head3 Scoping Rules of Regex Variables
X<scoping Rules of Regex Variables>
=over 8
=item *
B<< $<i<digits>> (1,ドル 2,ドル ...)>> - Contains the subpattern from the corresponding set of capturing
parentheses from the last successful pattern match in the current
dynamic scope
=item *
B<< @{^CAPTURE}>> - An array which exposes the contents of the capture buffers, if any, of
the last successful pattern match, not counting patterns matched
in nested blocks that have been exited already
=item *
B<< $&>> - The string matched by the last successful pattern match
=item *
B<< ${^MATCH}>> - It is only guaranteed to return a defined value when the pattern was
compiled or executed with the C</p> modifier
=item *
B<< $`>> - The string preceding whatever was matched by the last successful
pattern match
=item *
B<< ${^PREMATCH}>> - It is only guaranteed to return a defined value when the pattern was
executed with the C</p> modifier
=item *
B<< $'>> - The string following whatever was matched by the last successful
pattern match
=item *
B<< ${^POSTMATCH}>> - It is only guaranteed to return a defined value when the pattern was
compiled or executed with the C</p> modifier
=item *
B<< $+>> - The text matched by the highest used capture group of the last
successful search pattern
=item *
B<< $^N>> - The text matched by the used group most-recently closed (i.e. the group
with the rightmost closing parenthesis) of the last successful match
=item *
B<< @+>> - This array holds the offsets of the ends of the last successful
match and any matching capture buffers that the pattern contains
=item *
B<< %+>> - Similar to C<@+>, the C<%+> hash allows access to the named capture
buffers, should they exist, in the last successful match in the
currently active dynamic scope
=item *
B<< @->> - This array holds the offsets of the beginnings of the last successful
match and any capture buffers it contains
=item *
B<< %->> - Similar to C<%+>, this variable allows access to the named capture
groups in the last successful match in the currently active dynamic
scope
=item *
B<< ${^LAST_SUCCESSFUL_PATTERN}>> - The last successful pattern that matched in the current scope
=item *
B<< $^R>> - The result of evaluation of the last successful C<(?{ code })>
regular expression assertion (see L<perlre>)
=item *
B<< ${^RE_COMPILE_RECURSION_LIMIT}>> - The current value giving the maximum number of open but unclosed
parenthetical groups there may be at any point during a regular
expression compilation
=item *
B<< ${^RE_DEBUG_FLAGS}>> - The current value of the regex debugging flags
=item *
B<< ${^RE_TRIE_MAXBUF}>> - Controls how certain regex optimisations are applied and how much memory they
utilize
=back
=head2 Variables related to filehandles
=over 8
=item *
B<< $ARGV>> - Contains the name of the current file when reading from C<< <strong>>>
=item *
B<< @ARGV>> - The array C<@argv> contains the command-line arguments intended for
the script
=item *
B<< ARGV>> - The special filehandle that iterates over command-line filenames in
C<@argv>
=item *
B<< ARGVOUT>> - The special filehandle that points to the currently open output file
when doing edit-in-place processing with B<-i>
=item *
B<< ,ドル>> - The output field separator for the print operator
=item *
B<< $.>> - Current line number for the last filehandle accessed
=item *
B<< $/>> - The input record separator, newline by default
=item *
B<< $\>> - The output record separator for the print operator
=item *
B<< $&#124;>> - If set to nonzero, forces a flush right away and after every write or
print on the currently selected output channel
=item *
B<< ${^LAST_FH}>> - This read-only variable contains a reference to the last-read filehandle
=back
=head3 Variables related to formats
=over 8
=item *
B<< $^A>> - The current value of the C<write()> accumulator for C<format()> lines
=item *
B<< $^L>> - What formats output as a form feed
=item *
B<< $%>> - The current page number of the currently selected output channel
=item *
B<< $->> - The number of lines left on the page of the currently selected output
channel
=item *
B<< $:>> - The current set of characters after which a string may be broken to
fill continuation fields (starting with C<^>) in a format
=item *
B<< $=>> - The current page length (printable lines) of the currently selected
output channel
=item *
B<< $^>> - The name of the current top-of-page format for the currently selected
output channel
=item *
B<< $~>> - The name of the current report format for the currently selected
output channel
=back
=head2 Error Variables
X<error> X<exception>
=over 8
=item *
B<< ${^CHILD_ERROR_NATIVE}>> - The native status returned by the last pipe close, backtick (C<``>)
command, successful call to C<wait()> or C<waitpid()>, or from the
C<system()> operator
=item *
B<< $^E>> - Error information specific to the current operating system
=item *
B<< $^S>> - Current state of the interpreter
=item *
B<< $^W>> - The current value of the warning switch, initially true if B<-w> was
used, false otherwise, but directly modifiable
=item *
B<< ${^WARNING_BITS}>> - The current set of warning checks enabled by the C<use warnings> pragma
=item *
B<< $!>> - When referenced, C<$!> retrieves the current value
of the C C<errno> integer variable
=item *
B<< %!>> - Each element of C<%!> has a true value only if C<$!> is set to that
value
=item *
B<< $?>> - The status returned by the last pipe close, backtick (C<``>) command,
successful call to C<wait()> or C<waitpid()>, or from the C<system()>
operator
=item *
B<< $@>> - The Perl error from the last C<eval> operator, i.e. the last exception that
was caught
=back
=head2 Variables related to the interpreter state
=over 8
=item *
B<< $^C>> - The current value of the flag associated with the B<-c> switch
=item *
B<< $^D>> - The current value of the debugging flags
=item *
B<< ${^GLOBAL_PHASE}>> - The current phase of the perl interpreter
=item *
B<< $^H>> - This variable contains compile-time hints for the Perl interpreter
=item *
B<< %^H>> - The C<%^h> hash provides the same scoping semantics as L<c<$^h>&#124;/$^H>
=item *
B<< ${^OPEN}>> - An internal variable used by L<perlio>
=item *
B<< $^P>> - The internal variable for debugging support
=item *
B<< ${^TAINT}>> - Reflects if taint mode is on or off
=item *
B<< ${^SAFE_LOCALES}>> - Reflects if safe locale operations are available to this perl (when the
value is 1) or not (the value is 0)
=item *
B<< ${^UNICODE}>> - Reflects certain Unicode settings of Perl
=item *
B<< ${^UTF8CACHE}>> - This variable controls the state of the internal UTF-8 offset caching code
=item *
B<< ${^UTF8LOCALE}>> - This variable indicates whether a UTF-8 locale was detected by perl at
startup
=back
=head2 Deprecated and removed variables
=over 8
=item *
B<< $#>> - C<$#> was a variable that could be used to format printed numbers
=item *
B<< $*>> - C<$*> was a variable that you could use to enable multiline matching
=item *
B<< $[>> - This variable stores the index of the first element in an array, and
of the first character in a substring
=item *
B<< ${^ENCODING}>> - It used to hold the I to the C<encode> object that was
used to convert the source code to Unicode
=item *
B<< ${^WIN32_SLOPPY_STAT}>> - This variable no longer has any function
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