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Summary

DescriptionCommon envelope evolution.svg
English: Stages in the life of a binary system as a common envelope is formed. The system has mass ratio M1/M2=3. The black line represents the inner critical Roche equipotential. The dashed line represents the rotation axis.

(a) Both stars lie within their Roche lobes, star 1 on the left (mass M1 in red) and star 2 on the right (mass M2 in orange). (b) Star 1 has grown to nearly fill its Roche lobe. (c) Star 1 has grown to overfill its Roche lobe and transfer mass to star 2: Roche lobe overflow. (d) Transferred too fast to be accreted, matter has built up around star 2. (e) A common envelope, represented schematically by an ellipse, has formed.

Original image, inspired by https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Common_envelope.svg, which was in turn adapted by permission of the author from Fig. 1 of Izzard et al. (2012). doi:10.1017/S1743921312010769.
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Source Own work
Author Philip D. Hall

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