Original text of comment submitted to Eos (3 Nov 2007) on "A Turning
Point in Auroral Physics" by Duncan Bryant (26 September 2006).

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TABLE OF CONTENTS .... The files themselves:

1. The Magnetosphere
1H. History: 1600--Gilbert's Terrella.
2. Magnetic Fields
2H. History: 1820: Oersted discovers electromagnetism.
3. The Polar Aurora
3H. History: Birkeland models the aurora in his laboratory

3a. Auroral Map of Loomis
3b. Auroral Map of Fritz
3c. The Terrella

4. Electrons
4H. History: 1896--J.J.Thomson discovers the electron
4a. Electricity as a Fluid
5. Magnetic Field Lines
5H. History: 1846--Faraday introduces the idea of fields.
5a-1. Electromagnetic Induction--1. New!!!
5a-2. Electromagnetic Induction--2.
6. Electromagnetic Waves
7. Plasma
7a. The Fluorescent Lamp: a plasma you can use
7H. History : 1927--Irving Langmuir has a new use for the word "plasma".
8. Positive Ions
8H. History: 1884--Svante Arrhenius proposes a theory of "ions".
9. Trapped Radiation
9H. History: 1896--Henri Poincare shows magnetic field lines guide ions.
10. Motion of Trapped Radiation
10H. History: 1910--Einstein introduces "adiabatic invariants".
10a. Particle Drift in Space (optional)
11. Explorers 1 and 3

11a. The Geiger Counter

12. The Radiation Belts
12H. History: 1958--Inner radiation belt is explained.

12a. Inner Radiation Belt
12b. Outer Radiation Belt

13. Energetic Particles
14. Synchronous Orbit
15. Energy
16. The Sun
16H. History: 1843--Heinrich Schwabe discovers the sunspot cycle.

16a. Discovery of Sunspot Cycle
16b. Discovery of Solar Flares

17. The Sun's Corona
18. The Solar Wind
18A. Drawing Interplanetary Magnetic Field Lines.
18H. History: 1959, 1961--First direct observations of the solar wind.
18B. The Heliosphere. New!!!
19. The Magnetopause
19H. History: 1930--the magnetic storm theory of Chapman and Ferraro.
20. Structure of the Earth's Magnetosphere
21. Lagrangian Points
22. The Wind Spacecraft
23. The Tail of the Magnetosphere
24. Substorms
25. Electric Currents from Space
25H. History: 1903--Birkeland observes the electric currents of the polar aurora.

25a. The Triad Spacecraft
25b. The Io Dynamo
25c. Space tether experiment

26. The Polar Caps
26H. History: 1895--Birkeland's terrella experiment.
27. Auroral Imaging
28. Auroral acceleration

28a. Flow direction of electric currents

29. Low Polar Orbit
30. Magnetic Storms

30a. Aurora above Chicago ... a somewhat personal account.

31. Space Weather
32. Magnetospheres other than Ours
33. Cosmic Rays
34 High Energy Particles in the Universe

34a. High Energy Astrophysics Missions

35. Solar Energetic Particles

ADDITIONAL MATERIAL:

Glossary
"The Birth of a Radiation Belt"
"Secrets of the Polar Aurora"
"Brief History of Magnetospheric Physics Before the Spaceflight Era"
"Brief History of Magnetospheric Physics during the Space Age"
"Developing a Strategy for Magnetospheric Research", 1996 article.
Talk on the Concepts and Ideas Underlying "Exploration."
"Get a Straight Answer" Many questions from users, by topic.
"Get a Straight Answer" Same questions, in order received.
References, links and resources about the magnetosphere