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. 2021 Nov 17;65(12):e0106121.
doi: 10.1128/AAC.01061-21. Epub 2021 Sep 20.

Intracellular Activity of Antibiotics against Coxiella burnetii in a Model of Activated Human THP-1 Cells

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Intracellular Activity of Antibiotics against Coxiella burnetii in a Model of Activated Human THP-1 Cells

Frédéric Peyrusson et al. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. .

Abstract

We evaluated antibiotic activity against the intracellular bacterium Coxiella burnetii using an activated THP-1 cell model of infection. At clinically relevant concentrations, the intracellular bacterial load was reduced 300-fold by levofloxacin and finafloxacin, 40-fold by doxycycline, and 4-fold by ciprofloxacin and was unaffected by azithromycin. Acidification of the culture medium reduced antibiotic activity, with the exceptions of doxycycline (no change) and finafloxacin (slight improvement). This model may be used to select antibiotics to be evaluated in vivo.

Keywords: Coxiella; azithromycin; ciprofloxacin; doxycycline; finafloxacin; intracellular infection; levofloxacin.

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Figures

FIG 1
FIG 1
Concentration-response curves of antibiotics against intracellular C. burnetii in a model of PMA-activated THP-1 human monocytes. The abscissa shows the extracellular concentrations. The ordinate shows the change in the number of CFU from the initial postphagocytosis inoculum following 72 h of incubation. The horizontal dotted line corresponds to the initial inoculum and allows the apparent static effect (static concentration [Cs]) of each antibiotic to be calculated. The data were used to fit Hill curves, represented with their 95% confidence interval. All data are means ± standard error of the mean (SEM) from 3 independent experiments. The yellow-shaded area corresponds to the zone of effects obtained at clinically relevant concentrations (see footnote e to Table 1 for Cmax values). Open symbols and solid lines indicate data from medium at pH 7.4, and closed symbols and dotted lines indicate data from medium at pH 5.5.

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