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. 2021 Apr 16;15(4):e0009316.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0009316. eCollection 2021 Apr.

Enhanced passive surveillance dengue infection among febrile children: Prevalence, co-infections and associated factors in Cameroon

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Enhanced passive surveillance dengue infection among febrile children: Prevalence, co-infections and associated factors in Cameroon

Celine Nguefeu Nkenfou et al. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. .

Abstract

Dengue virus (DENV) causes a spectrum of diseases ranging from asymptomatic, mild febrile to a life-threatening illness: dengue hemorrhagic fever. The main clinical symptom of dengue is fever, similar to that of malaria. The prevalence of dengue virus infection, alone or in association with other endemic infectious diseases in children in Cameroon is unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of dengue, malaria and HIV in children presenting with fever and associated risk factors. Dengue overall prevalence was 20.2%, Malaria cases were 52.7% and HIV cases represented 12.6%. The prevalence of dengue-HIV co-infection was 6.0% and that of Malaria-dengue co-infection was 19.5%. Triple infection prevalence was 4.3%. Dengue virus infection is present in children and HIV-Dengue or Dengue- Malaria co-infections are common. Dengue peak prevalence was between August and October. Sex and age were not associated with dengue and dengue co-infections. However, malaria as well as HIV were significantly associated with dengue (P = 0.001 and 0.028 respectively). The diagnosis of dengue and Malaria should be carried out routinely for better management of fever.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Figures

Fig 1
Fig 1. Seasonal distribution of dengue virus infection among children with fever attending hospitals in Yaounde.
Ig represents all cases of dengue infections (past and current infections). IgG represents cases of previous exposure to dengue. IgM represents current cases of dengue.
Fig 2
Fig 2. Diagram showing the variation of the prevalence of dengue in relation to age group.
Ig represents all cases of dengue infections (past and current infections). IgG represents cases of previous exposure to dengue. IgM represents current cases of dengue.

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