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. 2020 Oct 23:11:100188.
doi: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2020.100188. eCollection 2020 Dec 20.

Do socioeconomic factors drive Aedes mosquito vectors and their arboviral diseases? A systematic review of dengue, chikungunya, yellow fever, and Zika Virus

Affiliations

Do socioeconomic factors drive Aedes mosquito vectors and their arboviral diseases? A systematic review of dengue, chikungunya, yellow fever, and Zika Virus

Ari Whiteman et al. One Health. .

Abstract

As the threat of arboviral diseases continues to escalate worldwide, the question of, "What types of human communities are at the greatest risk of infection?" persists as a key gap in the existing knowledge of arboviral diseases transmission dynamics. Here, we comprehensively review the existing literature on the socioeconomic drivers of the most common Aedes mosquito-borne diseases and Aedes mosquito presence/abundance. We reviewed a total of 182 studies on dengue viruses (DENV), chikungunya virus (CHIKV), yellow fever virus (YFVV), Zika virus (ZIKV), and presence of Aedes mosquito vectors. In general, associations between socioeconomic conditions and both Aedes-borne diseases and Aedes mosquitoes are highly variable and often location-specific. Although 50% to 60% of studies found greater presence or prevalence of disease or vectors in areas with lower socioeconomic status, approximately half of the remaining studies found either positive or null associations. We discuss the possible causes of this lack of conclusiveness as well as the implications it holds for future research and prevention efforts.

Keywords: Aedes-borne diseases; Chikungunya; Dengue fever; Global health; Yellow fever; Zika virus.

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Conflict of interest statement

None. All authors contributed equally to this study.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
PRISMA flow diagram for DENV.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
PRISMA flow diagram for CHIKV.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
PRISMA flow diagram for YFV.
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
PRISMA flow diagram for ZIKV.
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
PRISMA flow diagram for Aedes presence or occurrence.
Fig. 6
Fig. 6
Number and directional effect of studies that empirically examine the relationship between socioeconomic metrics and either dengue fever, chikungunya fever, Zika virus, or Aedes occurrence. No studies on yellow fever met the eligibility criteria. A negative effect meant high disease rates or Aedes occurrence in low socioeconomic status areas, a positive effect meant high disease rates or Aedes occurrence in high socioeconomic status areas, and a null effect meant no association was found between socioeconomic factors and the disease or vector outcomes. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the web version of this article.)
Fig. 7
Fig. 7
Number of studies included for each country and category in the analysis.

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