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. 2018 Apr 11;13(4):e0194521.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0194521. eCollection 2018.

Shared larval rearing environment, sex, female size and genetic diversity shape Ae. albopictus bacterial microbiota

Affiliations

Shared larval rearing environment, sex, female size and genetic diversity shape Ae. albopictus bacterial microbiota

Guillaume Minard et al. PLoS One. .

Abstract

The Asian tiger mosquito Aedes albopictus became of public health concern as it can replicate and transmit viral and filarial pathogens with a strong invasive success over the world. Various strategies have been proposed to reduce mosquito population's vectorial capacity. Among them, symbiotic control of mosquito borne disease offers promising perspectives. Such method is likely to be affected by the dynamics of mosquito-associated symbiotic communities, which might in turn be affected by host genotype and environment. Our previous study suggested a correlation between mosquitoes' origin, genetic diversity and midgut bacterial diversity. To distinguish the impact of those factors, we have been studying the midgut bacterial microbiota of two Ae. albopictus populations from tropical (La Réunion) and temperate (Montpellier) origins under controlled laboratory conditions. the two populations experienced random mating or genetic bottleneck. Microbiota composition did not highlight any variation of the α and β-diversities in bacterial communities related to host's populations. However, sizes of the mosquitoes were negatively correlated with the bacterial α-diversity of females. Variations in mosquito sex were associated with a shift in the composition of bacterial microbiota. The females' mosquitoes also exhibited changes in the microbiota composition according to their size and after experiencing a reduction of their genetic diversity. These results provide a framework to investigate the impact of population dynamics on the symbiotic communities associated with the tiger mosquito.

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Conflict of interest statement

Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Figures

Fig 1
Fig 1. Experimental design.
The F1 generation correspond to>100 individuals from non-inbred populations collected in La Réunion (LR) or collected and reared for two generations in Montpellier (M). F3 inbred lines are the progeny of sib mated F2 that have been obtained from egg clutches of an isolated female of the F1 generation. Each inbred cohort is the progeny of a single sib mated F2 female and their density varies according to the number of individuals that hatched from the same egg clutches. F3 control lines are derived from at least 3 eggs clutches merged in the same tubes and derived from the same populations after random mating of 50 individuals during two generations (F1 and F2). Control lines have been merged and reared at two larvae cohort density during the F3 generation (10 or 20 individuals).
Fig 2
Fig 2. Genetic diversity reduction in inbred lines of mosquitoes.
Boxplot of the He index after controlled mating of the lines (inbred, control) from the two origins (MP = Montpellier, LR = La Réunion Island).
Fig 3
Fig 3. Relationship between mosquito size and the midgut bacterial α-diversity.
Fitted GAMM model (solid line) and its standard errors (dashed lines) are represented for (A) Male and (B) female samples.
Fig 4
Fig 4. Canonical Analysis of Principal Coordinates (CAP) of the midgut bacterial β-diversity among mosquito populations.
(A) The full dataset has been used and the CAP represents the impact of the mosquito sexes (Sexf and pink colors = Females, Sexm and blue color = Male) on the Bray-Curtis dissimilarities values among individual midguts with non-random structures (FPERMANOVA = 1.89; df = 1,265; p-value = 0.027). (B) Only the females’ dataset has been used and the CAP represents the impact of the mosquito lines (linei and purple = inbred, linec and green = control) on the Bray-Curtis dissimilarities values among individual midguts with non-random structures (FPERMANOVA = 1.46; df = 2,139; p-value = 0.038).

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