Zika Virus Outbreak, Barbados, 2015-2016

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.17-0978

. 2018 Jun;98(6):1857-1859.

doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.17-0978. Epub 2018 Apr 5.

Zika Virus Outbreak, Barbados, 2015-2016

Sadie J Ryan ^{1

2

3}, Catherine A Lippi ^{1

3}, Colin J Carlson ^{4

5}, Anna M Stewart-Ibarra ⁶, Mercy J Borbor-Cordova ⁷, Moory Romero ⁶, Shelly-Ann Cox ⁸, Roché Mahon ⁸, Adrian Trotman ⁸, Leslie Rollock ⁹, Marquita Gittens-St Hilaire ^{10

11}, Desmond King ⁸, Steven Daniel ⁹

Affiliations

¹ Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.
² School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
³ Quantitative Disease Ecology and Conservation Lab, Department of Geography, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.
⁴ National Socio-Environmental Synthesis Center, University of Maryland, Annapolis, Maryland.
⁵ Department of Biology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC.
⁶ Center for Global Health and Translational Science, State University of New York (SUNY) Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York.
⁷ Facultad de Ingeniería Marítima, Ciencias Oceánicas y Recursos Naturales (FIMCBOR), Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral (ESPOL), Guayaquil, Ecuador.
⁸ Caribbean Institute for Meteorology and Hydrology (CIMH), Bridgetown, Barbados.
⁹ Ministry of Health, St. Michael, Barbados.
¹⁰ Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of the West Indies at Cave Hill, Bridgetown, St. Michael, Barbados.
¹¹ Barbados Leptospira Laboratory, Ministry of Health, St. Michael, Barbados.

PMID: 29637883
PMCID: PMC6086174
DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.17-0978

Zika Virus Outbreak, Barbados, 2015-2016

Sadie J Ryan et al. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2018 Jun.

. 2018 Jun;98(6):1857-1859.

doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.17-0978. Epub 2018 Apr 5.

Authors

Sadie J Ryan ^{1

2

3}, Catherine A Lippi ^{1

3}, Colin J Carlson ^{4

5}, Anna M Stewart-Ibarra ⁶, Mercy J Borbor-Cordova ⁷, Moory Romero ⁶, Shelly-Ann Cox ⁸, Roché Mahon ⁸, Adrian Trotman ⁸, Leslie Rollock ⁹, Marquita Gittens-St Hilaire ^{10

11}, Desmond King ⁸, Steven Daniel ⁹

Affiliations

¹ Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.
² School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
³ Quantitative Disease Ecology and Conservation Lab, Department of Geography, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.
⁴ National Socio-Environmental Synthesis Center, University of Maryland, Annapolis, Maryland.
⁵ Department of Biology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC.
⁶ Center for Global Health and Translational Science, State University of New York (SUNY) Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York.
⁷ Facultad de Ingeniería Marítima, Ciencias Oceánicas y Recursos Naturales (FIMCBOR), Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral (ESPOL), Guayaquil, Ecuador.
⁸ Caribbean Institute for Meteorology and Hydrology (CIMH), Bridgetown, Barbados.
⁹ Ministry of Health, St. Michael, Barbados.
¹⁰ Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of the West Indies at Cave Hill, Bridgetown, St. Michael, Barbados.
¹¹ Barbados Leptospira Laboratory, Ministry of Health, St. Michael, Barbados.

PMID: 29637883
PMCID: PMC6086174
DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.17-0978

Abstract

Barbados is a Caribbean island country of approximately 285,000 people, with a thriving tourism industry. In 2015, Zika spread rapidly throughout the Americas, and its proliferation through the Caribbean islands followed suit. Barbados reported its first confirmed autochthonous Zika transmission to the Pan American Health Organization in January 2016, a month before the global public health emergency was declared. After detection of suspected Zika cases on Barbados in 2015, 926 individuals were described as suspected cases, and 147 laboratory-confirmed cases were reported through December 2016, the end of the most recent epidemiological year. In this short report, we describe the epidemiological characteristics of 926 clinical case records that were originally suspected as cases of Zika, and which were subsequently sent for testing and confirmation; 147 were found positive for Zika, using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction methods, another 276 tested negative, and the remaining 503 were either pending results or still in the suspected category. Women were represented at about twice the rate of men in case records where gender was reported (71.9%), and confirmed cases (78.2%), and 19 of the confirmed positive cases were children under the age of 10.

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Figures

Figure 1.

Figure 1.

ZIKV cases (suspected in grey, confirmed in black) reported on Barbados (2015–2016).

See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

1. Brasil P, et al. 2016. Zika virus infection in pregnant women in Rio de Janeiro. N Engl J Med 375: 2321–2334. - PMC - PubMed
1. Rodrigues LC, 2016. Microcephaly and Zika virus infection. Lancet 387: 2070–2072. - PubMed
1. Pan-American Health Organization/World Health Organization , 2017. Zika-Epidemiological Report Puerto Rico. Washington, DC: PAHO/WHO.
1. Ryan SJ, Carlson CJ, Stewart-Ibarra AM, Borbor-Cordova MJ, Romero MM, Cox S-A, Mahon R, Trotman A, St. Ville S, Ahmed S, 2017. Outbreak of Zika virus infections, Dominica, 2016. Emerg Infect Dis 23: 1926–1927. - PMC - PubMed
1. Pan American Health Organization , 2016. Zika Resources: Case Definitions Available at: http://www.paho.org/hq/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1111.... Accessed February 14, 2018.

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[1] Brasil P, et al. 2016. Zika virus infection in pregnant women in Rio de Janeiro. N Engl J Med 375: 2321–2334. - PMC - PubMed

[2] Brasil P, et al. 2016. Zika virus infection in pregnant women in Rio de Janeiro. N Engl J Med 375: 2321–2334. - PMC - PubMed

[3] Rodrigues LC, 2016. Microcephaly and Zika virus infection. Lancet 387: 2070–2072. - PubMed

[4] Rodrigues LC, 2016. Microcephaly and Zika virus infection. Lancet 387: 2070–2072. - PubMed

[5] Pan-American Health Organization/World Health Organization , 2017. Zika-Epidemiological Report Puerto Rico. Washington, DC: PAHO/WHO.

[6] Pan-American Health Organization/World Health Organization , 2017. Zika-Epidemiological Report Puerto Rico. Washington, DC: PAHO/WHO.

[7] Ryan SJ, Carlson CJ, Stewart-Ibarra AM, Borbor-Cordova MJ, Romero MM, Cox S-A, Mahon R, Trotman A, St. Ville S, Ahmed S, 2017. Outbreak of Zika virus infections, Dominica, 2016. Emerg Infect Dis 23: 1926–1927. - PMC - PubMed

[8] Ryan SJ, Carlson CJ, Stewart-Ibarra AM, Borbor-Cordova MJ, Romero MM, Cox S-A, Mahon R, Trotman A, St. Ville S, Ahmed S, 2017. Outbreak of Zika virus infections, Dominica, 2016. Emerg Infect Dis 23: 1926–1927. - PMC - PubMed

[9] Pan American Health Organization , 2016. Zika Resources: Case Definitions Available at: http://www.paho.org/hq/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1111.... Accessed February 14, 2018.

[10] Pan American Health Organization , 2016. Zika Resources: Case Definitions Available at: http://www.paho.org/hq/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1111.... Accessed February 14, 2018.

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Zika Virus Outbreak, Barbados, 2015-2016

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Zika Virus Outbreak, Barbados, 2015-2016

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