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. 2015 Apr;143(6):1287-91.
doi: 10.1017/S0950268814001952. Epub 2014 Jul 31.

Disease outbreaks caused by steppe-type rabies viruses in China

Affiliations

Disease outbreaks caused by steppe-type rabies viruses in China

Y Feng et al. Epidemiol Infect. 2015 Apr.

Abstract

While rabies is a significant public health concern in China, the epidemiology of animal rabies in the north and northwest border provinces remains unknown. From February 2013 to March 2014, seven outbreaks of domestic animal rabies caused by wild carnivores in Xinjiang (XJ) and Inner Mongolia (IM) Autonomous Regions, China were reported and diagnosed in brain samples of infected animals by the fluorescent antibody test (FAT) and RT-PCR. Ten field rabies viruses were obtained. Sequence comparison and phylogenetic analysis based on the complete N gene (1353 bp) amplified directly from the original brain tissues showed that these ten strains were steppe-type viruses, closely related to strains reported in Russia and Mongolia. None had been identified previously in China. The viruses from XJ and IM clustered separately into two lineages showing their different geographical distribution. This study emphasizes the importance of wildlife surveillance and of cross-departmental cooperation in the control of transboundary rabies transmission.

Keywords: steppe-type.

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Conflict of interest statement

None.

Figures

Fig. 1.
Fig. 1.
Map of north and northwest China with bordering countries. District designation: 1, Altai; 2, Tacheng; 3, Ili; 4, Kizilsu. Black dots indicate the location of steppe-type viruses isolated in border countries during the recent outbreaks.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 2.
Phylogenetic tree based on the N gene of representative rabies virus strains, as established by the MEGA 5.1 program [3] using the maximum likelihood method with 1000 bootstrap replicates. Background information and GenBank accession numbers of some representative strains or isolates from clades of cosmopolitan, Asian (China only), Arctic and Arctic-related viruses are shown in the tree. EE, NEE, CE and WE represent the isolates from East, Northeast, Central and Western Europe, respectively. The ten strains identified in the present study are marked by black dots. EBLV1 and MOKV were used as outgroup sequences.

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