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. 2012 Nov;2(11):2794-802.
doi: 10.1002/ece3.392. Epub 2012 Oct 9.

Seasonal population dynamics and the genetic structure of the mosquito vector Aedes aegypti in São Paulo, Brazil

Affiliations

Seasonal population dynamics and the genetic structure of the mosquito vector Aedes aegypti in São Paulo, Brazil

Melina Campos et al. Ecol Evol. 2012 Nov.

Abstract

Population genetic studies of insect vectors can generate knowledge to improve epidemiological studies focused on the decrease of pathogen transmission. In this study, we used nine SNPs across the Aedes aegypti genome to characterize seasonal population variations of this important dengue vector. Mosquito samples were obtained by ovitraps placed over Botucatu SP from 2005 to 2010. Our data show that, regardless of the large variation in mosquito abundance (deduced from the number of eggs obtained from ovitraps), the effective population size remained stable over the years. These results suggest that Ae. aegypti is able to maintain a sufficiently large active breeding population during the dry season to keep genetic frequencies stable. These results open new perspectives on mosquito survey and control methods.

Keywords: Aedes aegypti; SNPs; dengue; population genetics.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Aedes aegypti female mosquito. Photograph with a digital camera SC30 (OLYMPUS) under a stereomicroscope OLYMPUS SZ61 (×ばつ magnification).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Map of São Paulo state, Brazil, showing the location of Botucatu (blue marker) and Marília (white marker).
Figure 3
Figure 3
Climate and Ae. aegypti entomological indices for Botucatu A) Monthly mean values of maximum/minimum temperature (oC) and precipitation (mm) for the period of 1995–2007 (data obtained from the Meteorological Institute of Sao Paulo). B) Monthly Estimates of trap positivity index (TP), eggs density index (ED), and total number of eggs for the study period. Shaded areas represent the cold/dry season months.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Allele frequencies for the nine SNP markers genotyped. Vertical bars represent the relative frequency of each allele (di-allelic loci), by year of collection.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Bayesian clustering analysis (STRUCTURE) conducted with Ae. aegypti samples from Botucatu and MaríliaEach individual multilocus genotype is represented by a column partitioned into two colors according to the probability of ancestry to each cluster (K = 2). In the X-axis, individuals are ordered according to collection year (for Botucatu) and locality. Y-axis: probability of ancestry. A) only temporal sample from Botucatu; B) all samples.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Scatter-plots of Ne estimates against total number of eggs (A) and trap positivity (B).

References

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