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. 2012 Feb 9:5:31.
doi: 10.1186/1756-3305年5月31日.

Current epidemiological profile and features of visceral leishmaniasis in people's republic of China

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Current epidemiological profile and features of visceral leishmaniasis in people's republic of China

Jun-Yun Wang et al. Parasit Vectors. .

Abstract

Background: Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is still an important public health problem in China. In recent years endemic regions spread, prevalence increased, and even an outbreak of the disease occurred in China due to global warming and population movement. It is essential to elucidate the current epidemic situation and epidemiological characteristics of VL for designing control policy. In the present study we describe the current epidemiological profile and characteristics of VL in China based on retrospectively reviewing of VL cases reported between 2005 and 2010 by a passive surveillance system.

Methods: The present study was a retrospective review of VL cases notified between 2005 and 2010 based on the passive surveillance data. The data were tabulated, diagrammatized and analyzed through descriptive statistics in a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet.

Results: A total of 2450 VL cases were notified, with a mean of 408 cases per year. 61 counties were identified as endemic area with 2224 autochthonous cases, and the other 118 counties as non-endemic areas with 226 imported cases. 97.71% of cases were concentrated in Xinjiang, Gansu and Sichuan Provinces. 9 major counties reported a mean of > 10 cases per year, with a total of 1759 cases reported. Different types of VL revealed distinct epidemiological characteristics.

Conclusions: The number of VL cases and endemic counties both increased in the period 2005-2010 in China. Different type or sub-type of VL revealed distinct epidemiological characteristics. Therefore, differential control measures must be taken in different endemic areas against incidence increase and endemic area spread.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The map of China indicating the distribution of VL endemic counties/cities in china between 2005 and 2010. Sichuan: 1. Wenchuan 2. Lixian 3. Maoxian 4. Beichuan 5. Heishui 6. Jiuzhaigou. Gansu: 7. Zhouqu 8. Wudu 9. Wenxian 10. Kangxian 11. Diebu 12. Dangchang 13. Ggangu 14. Tongwei 15. Linxia 16. Huanxian 17. Dunhuang 18. Anxi 19. Jinta 20. Jiuquan. Xinjiang: 21. Wuqia 22. Artux 23. Shufu 24. Kashgar 25. Shule 26. Yengisar 27. Shache 28. Wushi 29. Wensu 30. Urumqi 31. Xinhe 32. Aksu 33., Xayar 34. Jiashi 35. Yopurga 36. Zepu 37. Makit 38. Bachu (including Yumushuke City) 39. Awat 40. Moyu 41. Baicheng 42. Minfeng 43. Kuqa 44. Luntai 45. Korla 46. Yanqi 47. Yuli 48. Toksun 49. Turpan 50. Ruoqiang 51. Hami 52. Karamay. Shaanxi: 53. Ningqiang 54. Qingjian 55. Yichuan 56. Shenmu. Shanxi: 57. Xiangyuan 58. Wuxiang 59. Yangquan. Inner Mongolia: 60. Ejni Banner.
Figure 2
Figure 2
The map of China indicating the major VL endemic counties/cities with a mean of more than 10 cases per year and/or with over 1/100,000 incidence rate. 1. Jiuzhaigou 2. Zhouqu 3. Wudu 4. Wenxian 5. Jiashi 6. Artux 7. Shufu 8. Kashgar 9. Bachu 10. Diebu.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Temporal (yearly) distribution of VL cases reported between 2005 and 2010.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Temporal (monthly) distribution of VL cases reported between 2005 and 2010.

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