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PartiallyOrderedSets

AreIsomorphic

checks whether two posets are isomorphic or not

Calling Sequence

AreIsomorphic(P1,P2)

Parameters

Description

The command AreIsomorphic(P1,P2) checks whether the partially ordered sets P1 and P2 are isomorphic or not. To be more precise, let us denote by V1 (resp. V2) the underlying set of P1 (resp. P2) and by R1 (resp. R2 ) the binary relation on V defining P1 (resp. P2). The posets P1 and P2 are isomorphic whenever there exists a one-to-one map f from V1 to V2 and for any two elements a and b in V1, R1(a,b) holds if and only if R2(f(a),f(b)) holds.

Remarks

AreIsomorphic will generate and store the transitive reductions and reduction graphs of P1 and P2.

Terminology

A partially ordered set, or poset for short, is a pair (P, <=) where P is a set and <= is a partial order on P. The poset (P, <=) defines a directed graph whose vertices are the elements of P and (a,b) is a directed edge whenever a <= b holds. Conversely, a poset can be defined from a directed graph, assuming that the defined binary relation is anti-symmetric, and transitive, and, either reflexive, or irreflexive. Consequently, a poset can be given by an adjacency list or an adjacency matrix of a directed graph.

We say that two posets are equal (resp. isomorphic) whenever they are equal (resp. isomorphic) as directed graphs.

Examples

>

withPartiallyOrderedSets&colon;

>

leq`<=`&colon;

>

lneq`<`&colon;

Create a poset from a set and a non-strict partial order

>

U1&comma;2&comma;3&colon;

>

poset3PartiallyOrderedSetU&comma;leq&comma;reflexive=checktrue

poset3< a poset with 3 elements >

(1)

Display this poset

>

DrawGraphposet3

Create a poset from a set and a strict partial order

>

poset3_1PartiallyOrderedSetU&comma;lneq&comma;reflexive=useclosure

poset3_1< a poset with 3 elements >

(2)

Display this poset

>

DrawGraphposet3_1

Check whether these two posets are equal or isomorphic

>

AreEqualposet3&comma;poset3_1&semi;AreIsomorphicposet3&comma;poset3_1

true

true

(3)

Create a poset from a set and a non-strict partial order

>

X4&comma;5&comma;6&colon;poset3_2PartiallyOrderedSetX&comma;leq&comma;reflexive=checktrue

poset3_2< a poset with 3 elements >

(4)

Display this poset

>

DrawGraphposet3_2

Check whether two posets are equal or isomorphic

>

AreEqualposet3&comma;poset3_2&semi;AreIsomorphicposet3&comma;poset3_2

false

true

(5)

Create a poset from a set and a directed graph

>

GGraphTheory:-Graphdirected&comma;1&comma;2&comma;3&comma;4&comma;5&comma;6&comma;1&comma;1&comma;1&comma;2&comma;1&comma;3&comma;1&comma;4&comma;1&comma;5&comma;1&comma;6&comma;2&comma;2&comma;2&comma;4&comma;2&comma;6&comma;3&comma;3&comma;3&comma;5&comma;3&comma;6&comma;4&comma;4&comma;4&comma;6&comma;5&comma;5&comma;5&comma;6&comma;6&comma;6

GGraph 1: a directed graph with 6 vertices, 11 arcs, and 6 self-loops

(6)
>

poset6PartiallyOrderedSetG

poset6< a poset with 6 elements >

(7)

Display this poset

>

DrawGraphposet6

Create a poset from a set and an adjacency list of the transitive reduction of a partial order on that set

>

poset8PartiallyOrderedSet1&comma;2&comma;3&comma;4&comma;5&comma;6&comma;Array1&comma;2&comma;3&comma;2&comma;4&comma;3&comma;5&comma;4&comma;6&comma;5&comma;6&comma;6&comma;input=transitivereduction

poset8< a poset with 6 elements >

(8)

Display this poset

>

DrawGraphposet8

Check whether two posets are equal or isomorphic

>

AreEqualposet6&comma;poset8&semi;AreIsomorphicposet6&comma;poset8

true

true

(9)

References

Richard P. Stanley: Enumerative Combinatorics 1. 1997, Cambridge Studies in Advanced Mathematics. Vol. 49. Cambridge University Press.

Compatibility

The PartiallyOrderedSets[AreIsomorphic] command was introduced in Maple 2025.

For more information on Maple 2025 changes, see Updates in Maple 2025 .


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