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Pathway Maps

[ New pathway maps | Update history ]
KEGG PATHWAY is a collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing our knowledge of the molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks for:

1. Metabolism
Global/overview Carbohydrate Energy Lipid Nucleotide Amino acid Other amino Glycan
Cofactor/vitamin Terpenoid/PK Other secondary metabolite Xenobiotics Chemical structure
2. Genetic Information Processing
3. Environmental Information Processing
4. Cellular Processes
5. Organismal Systems
6. Human Diseases
7. Drug Development

The pathway map viewer linked from this page is a part of KEGG Web Apps and contains features of KEGG mapping.

Pathway Identifiers

Each pathway map is identified by the combination of 2-4 letter prefix code and 5 digit number (see KEGG Identifier). The prefix has the following meaning:
map
manually drawn reference pathway
ko
reference pathway highlighting KOs
ec
reference metabolic pathway highlighting EC numbers
rn
reference metabolic pathway highlighting reactions
<org>
organism-specific pathway generated by converting KOs to geneIDs
vg
viruses pathway generated by converting KOs to geneIDs New!
vx
viruses extended pathway generated by including synteny analysis data New!
identifiers
and the numbers starting with the following:
011
global map (lines linked to KOs)
012
overview map (lines linked to KOs)
013
higher (multi-organism) level overview map (lines linked to KOs)
010
chemical structure map (no KO expansion)
07
drug structure map (no KO expansion)
other
regular map (boxes linked to KOs)
are used for different types of maps.

Pathway maps are associated with KEGG modules, reaction modules, KEGG networks and taxonomy mapping.
M - module
R - reaction module
N - network
T - taxonomy mapping

1. Metabolism

1.0 Global and overview maps
01100 M
Metabolic pathways
01110 M
Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites
01120 M
Microbial metabolism in diverse environments
01200 M R
Carbon metabolism
01210 M R
2-Oxocarboxylic acid metabolism
01212 M R
Fatty acid metabolism
01230 M R
Biosynthesis of amino acids
01232 M R
Nucleotide metabolism
01250 M R
Biosynthesis of nucleotide sugars
01240 M R
Biosynthesis of cofactors
01220 M R
Degradation of aromatic compounds
01310 M T
Nitrogen cycle
01320 M T
Sulfur cycle New!
1.1 Carbohydrate metabolism
00010 M N
Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis
00020 M N
Citrate cycle (TCA cycle)
00030 M
Pentose phosphate pathway
00040 M
Pentose and glucuronate interconversions
00051 M
Fructose and mannose metabolism
00052 M N
Galactose metabolism
00053 M
Ascorbate and aldarate metabolism
00500 M N
Starch and sucrose metabolism
00620 M N
Pyruvate metabolism
00630 M
Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism
00640 M
Propanoate metabolism
00650 M
Butanoate metabolism
00660 M
C5-Branched dibasic acid metabolism
00562 M
Inositol phosphate metabolism
1.2 Energy metabolism
00190 M
Oxidative phosphorylation
00195 M
Photosynthesis
00196
Photosynthesis - antenna proteins
00710 M
Carbon fixation by Calvin cycle
00720 M
Other carbon fixation pathways
00680 M
Methane metabolism
00910 M
Nitrogen metabolism
00920 M
Sulfur metabolism
1.3 Lipid metabolism
00061 M
Fatty acid biosynthesis
00062 M
Fatty acid elongation
00071 M N
Fatty acid degradation
00073
Cutin, suberine and wax biosynthesis
00074 M
Mycolic acid biosynthesis
00100 M N
Steroid biosynthesis
00120 M N
Primary bile acid biosynthesis
00121
Secondary bile acid biosynthesis
00140 M N
Steroid hormone biosynthesis
00561 M
Glycerolipid metabolism
00564 M
Glycerophospholipid metabolism
00565 M
Ether lipid metabolism
00600 M N
Sphingolipid metabolism
00590
Arachidonic acid metabolism
00591
Linoleic acid metabolism
00592 M
alpha-Linolenic acid metabolism
01040 M N
Biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids
1.4 Nucleotide metabolism
00230 M N
Purine metabolism
00240 M
Pyrimidine metabolism
1.5 Amino acid metabolism
00250 M
Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism
00260 M N
Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism
00270 M N
Cysteine and methionine metabolism
00280 M N
Valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation
00290 M
Valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis
00300 M T
Lysine biosynthesis
00310 M N
Lysine degradation
00220 M N
Arginine biosynthesis
00330 M N
Arginine and proline metabolism
00340 M N
Histidine metabolism
00350 M N
Tyrosine metabolism
00360 M
Phenylalanine metabolism
00380 M N
Tryptophan metabolism
00400 M N
Phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis
1.6 Metabolism of other amino acids
00410 M
beta-Alanine metabolism
00430 M
Taurine and hypotaurine metabolism
00440
Phosphonate and phosphinate metabolism
00450
Selenocompound metabolism
00460 M
Cyanoamino acid metabolism
00470 M
D-Amino acid metabolism
00480 M N
Glutathione metabolism
1.7 Glycan biosynthesis and metabolism
00520 M N
Amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism Category changed!
00541 M
Biosynthesis of various nucleotide sugars Category changed!
00510 M N
N-Glycan biosynthesis
00513 M
Various types of N-glycan biosynthesis
00512 M
Mucin type O-glycan biosynthesis
00515 M N
Mannose type O-glycan biosynthesis
00514
Other types of O-glycan biosynthesis
00532 M N
Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis - chondroitin sulfate / dermatan sulfate
00534 M N
Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis - heparan sulfate / heparin
00533
Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis - keratan sulfate
00531 M N
Glycosaminoglycan degradation
00563 M N
Glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchor biosynthesis
00601 M N
Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis - lacto and neolacto series
00603 M N
Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis - globo and isoglobo series
00604 M
Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis - ganglio series
00511
Other glycan degradation
00540 M
Lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis
00542
O-Antigen repeat unit biosynthesis
00550
Peptidoglycan biosynthesis
00552
Teichoic acid biosynthesis
00571
Lipoarabinomannan (LAM) biosynthesis
00572 M
Arabinogalactan biosynthesis - Mycobacterium
00543
Exopolysaccharide biosynthesis
1.8 Metabolism of cofactors and vitamins
00730 M
Thiamine metabolism
00740 M
Riboflavin metabolism
00750 M
Vitamin B6 metabolism
00760 M N
Nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism
00770 M
Pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis
00780 M
Biotin metabolism
00785 M N
Lipoic acid metabolism
00790 M N
Folate biosynthesis
00670 M N
One carbon pool by folate
00830
Retinol metabolism
00860 M N
Porphyrin metabolism
00130 M
Ubiquinone and other terpenoid-quinone biosynthesis
1.9 Metabolism of terpenoids and polyketides
00900 M N
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
00902
Monoterpenoid biosynthesis
00909
Sesquiterpenoid and triterpenoid biosynthesis
00904 M
Diterpenoid biosynthesis
Including: Gibberellin biosynthesis
00906 M
Carotenoid biosynthesis
00905 M
Brassinosteroid biosynthesis
00981
Insect hormone biosynthesis
00908
Zeatin biosynthesis
00903
Limonene degradation
00907
Pinene, camphor and geraniol degradation
01052
Type I polyketide structures
00522 M
Biosynthesis of 12-, 14- and 16-membered macrolides
Including: Tylosin biosynthesis, Mycinamicin biosynthesis, Erythromycin biosynthesis, Oleandomycin biosynthesis, Pikromycin/methymycin biosynthesis, Avermectin biosynthesis
01051
Biosynthesis of ansamycins
01059 M T
Biosynthesis of enediyne antibiotics
01056 M
Biosynthesis of type II polyketide backbone
01057 M T
Biosynthesis of type II polyketide products
00253 M
Tetracycline biosynthesis
00523 M T
Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis
01054
Nonribosomal peptide structures
01053
Biosynthesis of siderophore group nonribosomal peptides
01055
Biosynthesis of vancomycin group antibiotics
1.10 Biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites
00940 M
Phenylpropanoid biosynthesis
00945
Stilbenoid, diarylheptanoid and gingerol biosynthesis
00941 M
Flavonoid biosynthesis
00944
Flavone and flavonol biosynthesis
00942
Anthocyanin biosynthesis
00943 M
Isoflavonoid biosynthesis
00946 M T
Degradation of flavonoids
00901 M T
Indole alkaloid biosynthesis
00403 M
Indole diterpene alkaloid biosynthesis
00950 M
Isoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis
00960
Tropane, piperidine and pyridine alkaloid biosynthesis
00996
Biosynthesis of various alkaloids
Including: Cucurbitacin biosynthesis, Solanine and tomatine biosynthesis, Ephedrine biosynthesis, Capsaicin biosynthesis, Acridone alkaloid biosynthesis
00232 M
Caffeine metabolism
00965 M
Betalain biosynthesis
00966 M
Glucosinolate biosynthesis
00402
Benzoxazinoid biosynthesis
00311 M T
Penicillin and cephalosporin biosynthesis
00332 M
Carbapenem biosynthesis
00261 M
Monobactam biosynthesis
00331 M
Clavulanic acid biosynthesis
00521 M
Streptomycin biosynthesis
00524
Neomycin, kanamycin and gentamicin biosynthesis
00525 M T
Acarbose and validamycin biosynthesis
00401
Novobiocin biosynthesis
00404 M T
Staurosporine biosynthesis
00405 M
Phenazine biosynthesis
00333 M T
Prodigiosin biosynthesis
00254 M
Aflatoxin biosynthesis
00998 M T
Biosynthesis of various antibiotics
Including: Kanosamine biosynthesis, Aurachin biosynthesis, Bacilysin biosynthesis, Puromycin biosynthesis, Dapdiamides biosynthesis, Fosfomycin biosynthesis, Cremeomycin biosynthesis, Fumagillin biosynthesis, Pentalenolactone biosynthesis, Terpentecin biosynthesis, Roseoflavin biosynthesis, Cycloserine biosynthesis
00999 M T
Biosynthesis of various plant secondary metabolites
Including: Crocin biosynthesis, Ginsenoside biosynthesis, Saponin adjuvant biosynthesis, Cannabidiol biosynthesis, Mugineic acid biosynthesis, Pentagalloylglucose biosynthesis, Benzoxazinoid biosynthesis, Gramine biosynthesis, Coumarin biosynthesis, Furanocoumarin biosynthesis, Hordatine biosynthesis, Podophyllotoxin biosynthesis
00997 M T
Biosynthesis of various other secondary metabolites
Including: Ditryptophenaline biosynthesis, Fumiquinazoline D biosynthesis, Paerucumarin biosynthesis, Staphyloferrin B biosynthesis, Cyclooctatin biosynthesis, Lovastatin biosynthesis, Grixazone biosynthesis, Staphyloferrin A biosynthesis, Ethynylserine biosynthesis, Aerobactin biosynthesis
1.11 Xenobiotics biodegradation and metabolism
00362 M T
Benzoate degradation
00627 M
Aminobenzoate degradation
00364
Fluorobenzoate degradation
00625
Chloroalkane and chloroalkene degradation
00361 M
Chlorocyclohexane and chlorobenzene degradation
00623 M T
Toluene degradation
00622 M
Xylene degradation
00633
Nitrotoluene degradation
00642
Ethylbenzene degradation
00643
Styrene degradation
00791
Atrazine degradation
00930
Caprolactam degradation
00363
Bisphenol degradation
00621 M T
Dioxin degradation
00626 M
Naphthalene degradation
00624 M T
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon degradation
00365
Furfural degradation
00984
Steroid degradation
00980
Metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P450
00982
Drug metabolism - cytochrome P450
00983
Drug metabolism - other enzymes
1.12 Chemical structure transformation maps
01010
Overview of biosynthetic pathways
01060
Biosynthesis of plant secondary metabolites
01061
Biosynthesis of phenylpropanoids
01062
Biosynthesis of terpenoids and steroids
01063
Biosynthesis of alkaloids derived from shikimate pathway
01064
Biosynthesis of alkaloids derived from ornithine, lysine and nicotinic acid
01065
Biosynthesis of alkaloids derived from histidine and purine
01066
Biosynthesis of alkaloids derived from terpenoid and polyketide
01070
Biosynthesis of plant hormones

2. Genetic Information Processing

2.1 Transcription
03020
RNA polymerase
03022
Basal transcription factors
03040
Spliceosome
2.2 Translation
03010
Ribosome
00970
Aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis
03013
Nucleocytoplasmic transport
03015
mRNA surveillance pathway
03008
Ribosome biogenesis in eukaryotes
2.3 Folding, sorting and degradation
03060
Protein export
04141 N
Protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum
04130
SNARE interactions in vesicular transport
04120
Ubiquitin mediated proteolysis
04122
Sulfur relay system
03050
Proteasome
03018
RNA degradation
2.4 Replication and repair
03030
DNA replication
03410 N
Base excision repair
03420 N
Nucleotide excision repair
03430
Mismatch repair
03440
Homologous recombination
03450
Non-homologous end-joining
03460
Fanconi anemia pathway
2.5 Chromosome
03082
ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling
03083 N
Polycomb repressive complex
2.6 Information processing in viruses
03230
Viral genome structure
03240
Viral replication
03250
Viral life cycle - HIV-1
03260
Virion - Human immunodeficiency virus
03271
Virion - Rotavirus
03262
Virion - Coronavirus
03261
Virion - Influenza virus
03263
Virion - Enterovirus
03264
Virion - Flavivirus and Alphavirus
03265
Virion - Ebolavirus, Lyssavirus and Morbillivirus
03273
Virion - Lassa virus and SFTS virus
03272
Virion - Hepatitis viruses
03266
Virion - Herpesvirus
03268
Virion - Orthopoxvirus
03267
Virion - Adenovirus
03259
Virion - Bacteriophages T4 and T7
03258
Virion - Bacteriophage lambda

3. Environmental Information Processing

3.1 Membrane transport
02010
ABC transporters
02060
Phosphotransferase system (PTS)
03070
Bacterial secretion system
3.2 Signal transduction
02020
Two-component system
04010 N
MAPK signaling pathway
04013
MAPK signaling pathway - fly
04016
MAPK signaling pathway - plant
04011
MAPK signaling pathway - yeast
04012 N
ErbB signaling pathway
04014 N
Ras signaling pathway
04015
Rap1 signaling pathway
04310 N
Wnt signaling pathway
04330 N
Notch signaling pathway
04340 N
Hedgehog signaling pathway
04341
Hedgehog signaling pathway - fly
04350 N
TGF-beta signaling pathway
04390
Hippo signaling pathway
04391
Hippo signaling pathway - fly
04392
Hippo signaling pathway - multiple species
04370
VEGF signaling pathway
04371
Apelin signaling pathway
04630 N
JAK-STAT signaling pathway
04064 N
NF-kappa B signaling pathway
04668 N
TNF signaling pathway
04066 N
HIF-1 signaling pathway
04068
FoxO signaling pathway
04020 N
Calcium signaling pathway
04070
Phosphatidylinositol signaling system
04072
Phospholipase D signaling pathway
04071
Sphingolipid signaling pathway
04024 N
cAMP signaling pathway
04022
cGMP-PKG signaling pathway
04151 N
PI3K-Akt signaling pathway
04152
AMPK signaling pathway
04150 N
mTOR signaling pathway
04075
Plant hormone signal transduction
3.3 Signaling molecules and interaction
04080
Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction
04082 N
Neuroactive ligand signaling New!
04081
Hormone signaling New!
04060
Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction
04061
Viral protein interaction with cytokine and cytokine receptor
04512
ECM-receptor interaction
04514
Cell adhesion molecules

4. Cellular Processes

4.1 Transport and catabolism
04144
Endocytosis
04145 N
Phagosome
04142
Lysosome
04146
Peroxisome
04140 N
Autophagy - animal
04138
Autophagy - yeast
04136
Autophagy - other
04137 N
Mitophagy - animal
04139
Mitophagy - yeast
04148 N
Efferocytosis
4.2 Cell growth and death
04110 N
Cell cycle
04111
Cell cycle - yeast
04112
Cell cycle - Caulobacter
04113
Meiosis - yeast
04114
Oocyte meiosis
04210 N
Apoptosis
04214
Apoptosis - fly
04215
Apoptosis - multiple species
04216 N
Ferroptosis
04217 N
Necroptosis
04115
p53 signaling pathway
04218
Cellular senescence
4.3 Cellular community - eukaryotes
04510 N
Focal adhesion
04520
Adherens junction
04530 N
Tight junction
04540
Gap junction
04550
Signaling pathways regulating pluripotency of stem cells
4.4 Cellular community - prokaryotes
02024
Quorum sensing
05111
Biofilm formation - Vibrio cholerae
02025
Biofilm formation - Pseudomonas aeruginosa
02026
Biofilm formation - Escherichia coli
4.5 Cell motility
02030
Bacterial chemotaxis
02040
Flagellar assembly
04814
Motor proteins
04820 N
Cytoskeleton in muscle cells
04810
Regulation of actin cytoskeleton

5. Organismal Systems

5.1 Immune system
04640
Hematopoietic cell lineage
04610 N
Complement and coagulation cascades
04611
Platelet activation
04613
Neutrophil extracellular trap formation
04620 N
Toll-like receptor signaling pathway
04624
Toll and Imd signaling pathway
04621 N
NOD-like receptor signaling pathway
04622 N
RIG-I-like receptor signaling pathway
04623 N
Cytosolic DNA-sensing pathway
04625
C-type lectin receptor signaling pathway
04650
Natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity
04612 N
Antigen processing and presentation
04660 N
T cell receptor signaling pathway
04658
Th1 and Th2 cell differentiation
04659
Th17 cell differentiation
04657
IL-17 signaling pathway
04662 N
B cell receptor signaling pathway
04664
Fc epsilon RI signaling pathway
04666 N
Fc gamma R-mediated phagocytosis
04670
Leukocyte transendothelial migration
04672
Intestinal immune network for IgA production
04062 N
Chemokine signaling pathway
5.2 Endocrine system
04911
Insulin secretion
04910
Insulin signaling pathway
04922
Glucagon signaling pathway
04923
Regulation of lipolysis in adipocytes
04920 N
Adipocytokine signaling pathway
03320
PPAR signaling pathway
04929 N
GnRH secretion
04912 N
GnRH signaling pathway
04913
Ovarian steroidogenesis
04915 N
Estrogen signaling pathway
04914
Progesterone-mediated oocyte maturation
04917 N
Prolactin signaling pathway
04921
Oxytocin signaling pathway
04926
Relaxin signaling pathway
04935 N
Growth hormone synthesis, secretion and action
04918 N
Thyroid hormone synthesis
04919 N
Thyroid hormone signaling pathway
04928 N
Parathyroid hormone synthesis, secretion and action
04916
Melanogenesis
04924 N
Renin secretion
04614 N
Renin-angiotensin system
04925 N
Aldosterone synthesis and secretion
04927 N
Cortisol synthesis and secretion
5.3 Circulatory system
04260
Cardiac muscle contraction
04261 N
Adrenergic signaling in cardiomyocytes
04270
Vascular smooth muscle contraction
5.4 Digestive system
04970
Salivary secretion
04971
Gastric acid secretion
04972
Pancreatic secretion
04976
Bile secretion
04973
Carbohydrate digestion and absorption
04974
Protein digestion and absorption
04975
Fat digestion and absorption
04979 N
Cholesterol metabolism
04977 N
Vitamin digestion and absorption
04981
Folate transport and metabolism
04980 N
Cobalamin transport and metabolism
04978
Mineral absorption
5.5 Excretory system
04962 N
Vasopressin-regulated water reabsorption
04960
Aldosterone-regulated sodium reabsorption
04961 N
Endocrine and other factor-regulated calcium reabsorption
04964
Proximal tubule bicarbonate reclamation
04966
Collecting duct acid secretion
5.6 Nervous system
04724 N
Glutamatergic synapse
04727 N
GABAergic synapse
04725 N
Cholinergic synapse
04728 N
Dopaminergic synapse
04726 N
Serotonergic synapse
04720 N
Long-term potentiation
04730 N
Long-term depression
04723
Retrograde endocannabinoid signaling
04721
Synaptic vesicle cycle
04722
Neurotrophin signaling pathway
5.7 Sensory system
04744
Phototransduction
04745
Phototransduction - fly
04740
Olfactory transduction
04742
Taste transduction
04750
Inflammatory mediator regulation of TRP channels
5.8 Development and regeneration
04320
Dorso-ventral axis formation
04360
Axon guidance
04361
Axon regeneration
04380
Osteoclast differentiation
04382 N
Cornified envelope formation New!
5.9 Aging
04211
Longevity regulating pathway
04212
Longevity regulating pathway - worm
04213
Longevity regulating pathway - multiple species
5.10 Environmental adaptation
04710
Circadian rhythm
04713
Circadian entrainment
04711
Circadian rhythm - fly
04712
Circadian rhythm - plant
04714 N
Thermogenesis
04626
Plant-pathogen interaction

6. Human Diseases

6.1 Cancer: overview
05200 N
Pathways in cancer
05202
Transcriptional misregulation in cancer
05206
MicroRNAs in cancer
05205
Proteoglycans in cancer
05204 N
Chemical carcinogenesis - DNA adducts
05207 N
Chemical carcinogenesis - receptor activation
05208 N
Chemical carcinogenesis - reactive oxygen species
05203
Viral carcinogenesis
05230
Central carbon metabolism in cancer
05231
Choline metabolism in cancer
05235
PD-L1 expression and PD-1 checkpoint pathway in cancer
6.2 Cancer: specific types
05210 N
Colorectal cancer
05212 N
Pancreatic cancer
05225 N
Hepatocellular carcinoma
05226 N
Gastric cancer
05214 N
Glioma
05216 N
Thyroid cancer
05221 N
Acute myeloid leukemia
05220 N
Chronic myeloid leukemia
05217 N
Basal cell carcinoma
05218 N
Melanoma
05211 N
Renal cell carcinoma
05219 N
Bladder cancer
05215 N
Prostate cancer
05213 N
Endometrial cancer
05224 N
Breast cancer
05222 N
Small cell lung cancer
05223 N
Non-small cell lung cancer
6.3 Infectious disease: viral
05166 N
Human T-cell leukemia virus 1 infection
05170 N
Human immunodeficiency virus 1 infection
05161 N
Hepatitis B
05160 N
Hepatitis C
05171 N
Coronavirus disease - COVID-19
05164 N
Influenza A
05162 N
Measles
05168 N
Herpes simplex virus 1 infection
05163 N
Human cytomegalovirus infection
05167 N
Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus infection
05169 N
Epstein-Barr virus infection
05165 N
Human papillomavirus infection
6.4 Infectious disease: bacterial
05110
Vibrio cholerae infection
05120
Epithelial cell signaling in Helicobacter pylori infection
05130 N
Pathogenic Escherichia coli infection
05132 N
Salmonella infection
05131 N
Shigellosis
05135 N
Yersinia infection
05133
Pertussis
05134
Legionellosis
05150
Staphylococcus aureus infection
05152
Tuberculosis
05100
Bacterial invasion of epithelial cells
6.5 Infectious disease: parasitic
05146
Amoebiasis
05144
Malaria
05145
Toxoplasmosis
05140
Leishmaniasis
05142
Chagas disease
05143
African trypanosomiasis
6.6 Immune disease
05310
Asthma
05322
Systemic lupus erythematosus
05323
Rheumatoid arthritis
05320
Autoimmune thyroid disease
05321
Inflammatory bowel disease
05330
Allograft rejection
05332
Graft-versus-host disease
05340
Primary immunodeficiency
6.7 Neurodegenerative disease
05010 N
Alzheimer disease
05012 N
Parkinson disease
05014 N
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
05016 N
Huntington disease
05017 N
Spinocerebellar ataxia
05020 N
Prion disease
05022 N
Pathways of neurodegeneration - multiple diseases
6.8 Substance dependence
05030
Cocaine addiction
05031
Amphetamine addiction
05032
Morphine addiction
05033
Nicotine addiction
05034
Alcoholism
6.9 Cardiovascular disease
05417
Lipid and atherosclerosis
05418
Fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis
05410
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
05412
Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy
05414
Dilated cardiomyopathy
05415
Diabetic cardiomyopathy
05416
Viral myocarditis
6.10 Endocrine and metabolic disease
04930
Type II diabetes mellitus
04940
Type I diabetes mellitus
04950
Maturity onset diabetes of the young
04936
Alcoholic liver disease
04932
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
04931
Insulin resistance
04933
AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications
04934 N
Cushing syndrome
6.11 Drug resistance: antimicrobial
01501
beta-Lactam resistance
01502
Vancomycin resistance
01503
Cationic antimicrobial peptide (CAMP) resistance
6.12 Drug resistance: antineoplastic
01521
EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance
01524
Platinum drug resistance
01523
Antifolate resistance
01522
Endocrine resistance

7. Drug Development

7.1 Chronology: Antiinfectives
07011
Penicillins
07012
Cephalosporins - parenteral agents
07013
Cephalosporins - oral agents
07021
Aminoglycosides
07019
Tetracyclines
07020
Macrolides and ketolides
07014
Quinolones
07023
Rifamycins
07026
Antifungal agents
07044
Antiviral agents
07053
Anti-HIV agents
7.2 Chronology: Antineoplastics
07040
Antineoplastics - alkylating agents
07041
Antineoplastics - antimetabolic agents
07042
Antineoplastics - agents from natural products
07043
Antineoplastics - hormones
07045
Antineoplastics - protein kinase inhibitors
7.3 Chronology: Nervous system agents
07032
Hypnotics
07030
Anxiolytics
07033
Anticonvulsants
07015
Local analgesics
07039
Opioid analgesics
07028
Antipsychotics
07029
Antipsychotics - phenothiazines
07031
Antipsychotics - butyrophenones
07027
Antidepressants
07056
Agents for Alzheimer-type dementia
07057
Antiparkinsonian agents
7.4 Chronology: Other drugs
07055
Sulfonamide derivatives - overview
07016
Sulfonamide derivatives - sulfa drugs
07017
Sulfonamide derivatives - diuretics
07018
Sulfonamide derivatives - hypoglycemic agents
07037
Antiarrhythmic drugs
07038
Antiulcer drugs
07046
Immunosuppressive agents
07047
Osteoporosis drugs
07048
Antimigraines
07049
Antithrombosis agents
07050
Antirheumatics - DMARDs and biological agents
07051
Antidiabetics
07052
Antidyslipidemic agents
07054
Antiglaucoma agents
7.5 Target-based classification: G protein-coupled receptors
07220
Cholinergic and anticholinergic drugs
07215
alpha-Adrenergic receptor agonists/antagonists
07214
beta-Adrenergic receptor agonists/antagonists
07213
Dopamine receptor agonists/antagonists
07212
Histamine H1 receptor antagonists
07227
Histamine H2/H3 receptor agonists/antagonists
07211
Serotonin receptor agonists/antagonists
07228
Eicosanoid receptor agonists/antagonists
07224
Opioid receptor agonists/antagonists
07229
Angiotensin receptor and endothelin receptor antagonists
7.6 Target-based classification: Nuclear receptors
07225
Glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid receptor agonists/antagonists
07226
Progesterone, androgen and estrogen receptor agonists/antagonists
07223
Retinoic acid receptor (RAR) and retinoid X receptor (RXR) agonists/antagonists
07222
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) agonists
7.7 Target-based classification: Ion channels
07221
Nicotinic cholinergic receptor antagonists
07230
GABA-A receptor agonists/antagonists
07036
Calcium channel blocking drugs
07231
Sodium channel blocking drugs
07232
Potassium channel blocking and opening drugs
07235
N-Methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptor antagonists
7.8 Target-based classification: Transporters
07233
Ion transporter inhibitors
07234
Neurotransmitter transporter inhibitors
7.9 Target-based classification: Enzymes
07216
Catecholamine transferase inhibitors
07219
Cyclooxygenase inhibitors
07024
HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors
07217
Renin-angiotensin system inhibitors
07218
HIV protease inhibitors
7.10 Structure-based classification
07025
Quinolines
07034
Eicosanoids
07035
Prostaglandins
7.11 Skeleton-based classification
07110
Benzoic acid family
07112
1,2-Diphenyl substitution family
07114
Naphthalene family
07117
Benzodiazepine family

Last updated: June 3, 2025

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