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Cationic COF-based polymer electrolytes with synergistic hydrogen-bonding networks for enhanced Li plus desolvation and ionic conductivity in all-solid-state lithium metal batteries

2025年10月09日T03:19:44Z

题名: Cationic COF-based polymer electrolytes with synergistic hydrogen-bonding networks for enhanced Li plus desolvation and ionic conductivity in all-solid-state lithium metal batteries 作者: Liu, Jingqiu; Wu, Qingping; Wei, Yaru; Zhou, Baocheng; Zhou, Feixiang; Yu, Xingyue; Lan, Song; Wang, Feng; Chen, Houyang 摘要: Polyethylene oxide (PEO)-based electrolytes for all-solid-state lithium metal batteries (ASSLMBs) struggle with rapid dendrite growth at the Li/electrolyte interface under high rates, driven by poor interfacial chemistry and slow Li+ + transport. Here, we integrate a cationic covalent organic framework with hydrogen-bonding networks (HC-COF) into a PEO matrix to form a composite electrolyte (HC-COF@PEO). Featuring guanidinium units, this cationic COF immobilizes anions through hydrogen-bonding (H-bonding), thus weakening Li+ + solvation , accelerating Li ion transport kinetics. Its C3 3-symmetric it-conjugated structure ensures stability, ordered stacking , enhanced mechanical strength. Synthesized via a facile one-step imine condensation at room temperature, HC-COF boosts Li+ + conductivity up to 6.15 x 10-4 S cm-1 at room temperature and enables uniform Li+ + plating/ stripping with a low overpotential of 90 mV over 450 h in symmetric cells. LiFePO4-based 4-based ASSLMBs achieve remarkable cycling stability (1000 cycles at 1C) and superior rate performance. This work demonstrates a straightforward, effective approach to enhance PEO-based electrolytes using cationic COFs, paving the way for practical ASSLMBs.

Multikey Fully Homomorphic Encryption: Removing Noise Flooding in Distributed Decryption via the Smudging Lemma on Discrete Gaussian Distribution

2025年10月09日T03:19:45Z

题名: Multikey Fully Homomorphic Encryption: Removing Noise Flooding in Distributed Decryption via the Smudging Lemma on Discrete Gaussian Distribution 作者: Dai, Xiaokang; Wu, Wenyuan; Feng, Yong 摘要: The current multikey fully homomorphic encryption (MKFHE) needs to add exponential noise in the distributed decryption phase to ensure the simulatability of partial decryption. Such a large noise causes the ciphertext modulus of the scheme to increase exponentially compared to the single-key fully homomorphic encryption (FHE), further reducing the efficiency of the scheme and making the hardness problem on the lattice on which the scheme relies have a subexponential approximation factor (O) over tilde (n center dot 2(root nL)) (which means that the security of the scheme is reduced). To address this problem, this paper analyzes in detail the noise in partial decryption of the MKFHE based on the learning with error (LWE) problem. It points out that this part of the noise is composed of private key and the noise in initial ciphertext. Therefore, as long as the encryption scheme is leak-resistant and the noise in partial decryption is independent of the noise in the initial ciphertext, the semantic security of the ciphertext can be guaranteed. In order to make the noise in the initial ciphertext independent of the noise in the partial decryption, this paper proves the smudging lemma on discrete Gaussian distribution and achieves this goal by multiplying the initial ciphertext by a "dummy" ciphertext with a plaintext of 1. Based on the above method, this paper removes the exponential noise in the distributed decryption phase for the first time and reduces the ciphertext modulus of MKFHE from 2(omega(lambda L log lambda)) to 2(O(lambda + L)) as the same level as the FHE.

Transition and sequence activation of deformation mechanisms in NiCoCr_0.5V_0.5 medium entropy alloys with different grain sizes at ambient and cryogenic temperatures

2025年10月09日T03:19:43Z

题名: Transition and sequence activation of deformation mechanisms in NiCoCr_0.5V_0.5 medium entropy alloys with different grain sizes at ambient and cryogenic temperatures 作者: Chen, Zhen; Fan, Haiyang; Luo, Xuan; Qu, Hongjie; Zhang, Jinpeng; Yang, Shoufeng 摘要: In this study, we investigate the evolution of deformation microstructures in a NiCoCr0.5V0.5 alloy with varying grain sizes, specifically fully-recrystallized ultrafine-grained (UFG) and the coarse-grained (CG) samples, at temperatures of 298 K and 77 K, respectively. Microstructural analyses conducted using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed that, during the initial stage of plastic deformation, dislocations glide via 1/2<110> dislocations dissociated into 1/6<112> Shockley partials on {111} planes, analogous to the typical low stacking-fault-energy (SFE) alloys. The measured partial separations yielded an SFE of 31 +/- 5 mJ/m(2), comparable to that of the CrMnFeCoNi (Cantor alloy). As strain increases, SF (298 K) and twinning (77 K) emerge as additional deformation mechanisms in the UFG alloy. In contrast, the CG alloy deforms through a combination of dislocation glide, SF, and twinning at 298 K, and dislocation glide, SF, twinning, and shear banding at 77 K. Additionally, the dislocation patterns exhibit a strong dependence on grain size, with dislocation tangles observed in the UFG and planar slip bands in the CG alloy. The identification of these characteristic deformation microstructures is advantageous for achieving enhanced mechanical properties in alloys, which holds significant scientific and technological implications.

QuEChERS combined with accelerated solvent extraction to enhance the determination of perfluoroalkyl substances in animal samples

2025年10月09日T03:19:44Z

题名: QuEChERS combined with accelerated solvent extraction to enhance the determination of perfluoroalkyl substances in animal samples 作者: He, Chunlan; Tang, Yunxi; Chen, Shiqi; Huang, Siyu; Xiong, Youming; Bai, Yamin; Xu, Jingbing; Zhong, Yi; Cheng, Hong; Wang, Lei; Chen, Zhong; Hou, Changjun 摘要: Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) have been widely detected in animal samples. But the fats, indispensable tissue in animals, can seriously hinder the PFASs extraction due to their nature of complex, unbreakable, and concretionary. To address this, a new sample preparation method, combining the advantages of ASE and QuEChERS, is proposed. Firstly, the extraction conditions of new method are optimized as co-solvent of MeCN+H2O, temperature of 100 degrees C, and time of 30 min. The MeCN performs better than MeOH because the MeOH will bring some impurities (phospholipids). The H2O under high temperature plays important dual functions of digestion and organic solvent. The exothermic reaction of MgSO4 also enhance the PFASs extraction. Next, 15 animal samples are screened by both the new ASE+QuEChERS and traditional QuEChERS. The lower and upper limits of quantitation are 0.25 ng g-1 and 25.00 ng g- 1, respectively. Nine PFASs are detected in five positive simples. The new method can improve the total concentration of PFASs by range from 6 % to 64 %. Lastly, both the new ASE+QuEChERS and traditional QuEChERS methods are validated based on 10 relevant food simples. This study provides a simple, efficient and practical method for extraction of PFASs from animal samples.

Functional Characterization of PtoWOX1 in Regulating Leaf Morphogenesis and Photosynthesis in Populus tomentosa

2025年10月09日T03:19:42Z

题名: Functional Characterization of PtoWOX1 in Regulating Leaf Morphogenesis and Photosynthesis in Populus tomentosa 作者: Tang, Feng; He, Minghui; Liang, Shi; Zhang, Meng; Guo, Xiaowei; Dou, Yuxian; Song, Qin; Zhao, Cunfeng; Lan, Ting 摘要: Leaves are essential for photosynthesis and transpiration, directly influencing plant growth and development. Leaf morphology, such as length, width, and area, affects photosynthetic efficiency and transpiration rates. In this study, we investigated the role of PtoWOX1 in leaf morphogenesis by generating both overexpression and CRISPR/Cas9 knockout lines in P. tomentosa. The results showed that PtoWOX1A and PtoWOX1B encode nuclear-localized transcription factors highly expressed in young leaves, particularly in palisade and epidermal cells. Knockout of PtoWOX1 resulted in reduced leaf width and area, enlarged upper epidermal cells, and lower stomatal density. Overexpression led to wrinkled leaf surfaces and reduced margin serration. Anatomical analysis revealed altered palisade cell arrangement and increased leaf thickness in knockout lines, accompanied by higher chlorophyll content and enhanced photosynthetic rates. Additionally, PtoWOX1A interacts with PtoYAB3B, suggesting a complex that regulates leaf margin development. These findings clarify the function of PtoWOX1 in regulating mid-lateral axis development and leaf margin morphology and provide new insights for the molecular breeding of poplar.

Chlorophylls for dual-function exciton relay and morphology regulation in organic solar cells

2025年10月09日T03:19:43Z

题名: Chlorophylls for dual-function exciton relay and morphology regulation in organic solar cells 作者: Duan, Shengnan; Gu, Teng; Liu, Lei; Sasaki, Shin-ichi; Uragami, Chaisa; Huang, Peihao; Jiang, Xue; Zhou, Yuanqi; Liu, Ziyan; Hu, Dingqin; Liu, Heng; Lu, Xinhui; Tamiaki, Hitoshi; Wang, Xiao-Feng; Hashimoto, Hideki; Xiao, Zeyun 摘要: Chlorophylls (Chls), the most abundant and cost-effective natural pigments, exhibit outstanding optoelectronic properties and biocompatibility, making them highly attractive for artificial photosynthesis. In this study, we propose high-efficiency, eco-friendly organic solar cells (OSCs) by incorporating semi-synthetic Chl derivatives (Chl-1 and Chl-2) as analogous functions of charge transfer intermediator. These Chl derivatives not only modulate the molecular stacking and crystallinity of the active layer, promoting a favorable face-on molecular orientation and a denser crystalline structure, but also enhance exciton generation and diffusion as they function in nature and facilitate charge transfer between PM6 and BTP-eC9. Consequently, these synergistic effects significantly improve the exciton generation, dissociation, and charge transportation processes for the Chl derivatives-based devices. As a result, devices incorporating Chl-2 achieve an outstanding power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 19.54 %, surpassing Chl-1 (18.86 %) and outperforming the control binary devices (18.05 %). This study presents an innovative strategy to enhance OSC performance by utilizing eco-friendly Chl derivatives, addressing challenges related to low-toxicity sustainability and high efficiency.

Pyrrolidinium- and Imidazolium-stabilized 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidi-n-1-oxyl nitroxyl radical electrolytes for high-voltage and redox-enhanced nonaqueous supercapacitors

2025年10月09日T03:19:42Z

题名: Pyrrolidinium- and Imidazolium-stabilized 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidi-n-1-oxyl nitroxyl radical electrolytes for high-voltage and redox-enhanced nonaqueous supercapacitors 作者: Sun, Wei; Yu, Shaoshuai; Guo, De; Liu, Shuangyi; Li, Zhenhu 摘要: Nonaqueous organic redox electrolyte-enhanced electrochemical double-layer capacitors (N-ORECs) are promising candidates for high-energy and high-power grid applications. Unlike traditional aqueous ORECs, N-ORECs benefit from a significantly wider electrochemical stability window enabled by organic solvents. However, the electrochemical instability of organic redox electrolytes near marginal potentials restricts window optimization. Here, we develop two stable nitroxide radical-based redox electrolytes by introducing propoxylinked, electron-conjugated methylimidazolium and methylpyrrolidinium cations into 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-oxyl (TEMPO) cores and coupling with aluminum-stable BF4- anions, namely MimP-TBF4 and MpyP-TBF4, respectively. Theoretical calculations confirm that the electron-withdrawing nature of imidazolium and pyrrolidinium cationic groups delocalizes the electron density of the N-O moiety in TEMPO, thereby enhancing the stability of its radical and oxoammonium states. Interestingly, the MpyP-TBF4 first demonstrates higher ionic conductivity, diffusion coefficient and rate constant compared to MimP-TBF4 because of the weaker interactions between aliphatic pyrrolidinium cations and acetonitrile, enabling it has faster mass/charge transport dynamics. Consequently, the MpyP-TBF4 assembled N-ORECs acquire a 3.2 V high cell voltage, a notable energy density and power density (48.2 Wh kg-1 and 23.9 kW kg-1, respectively), as well as outstanding cycling stability with 88.5 % capacitance retention after 10,000 cycles. This study offers a promising design for organic redox electrolytes in high-performance N-ORECs.

Anomalous anisotropy in an additively manufactured solid-solution-strengthened superalloy from room to elevated temperatures

2025年10月09日T03:19:41Z

题名: Anomalous anisotropy in an additively manufactured solid-solution-strengthened superalloy from room to elevated temperatures 作者: Zhang, Zhenhua; Guo, Zixu; Han, Quanquan; Hu, Daijun; Wu, Shiwei; Fan, Haiyang; Li, Erlei; Li, Ming; Xu, Yilun; Yang, Shoufeng; Huang, Chuanzhen; Yan, Wentao 摘要: Metal additive manufacturing (AM) produces unique grain morphologies owing to the high cooling rates and large temperature gradients, which potentially lead to unexpected mechanical anisotropy. In this study, we unveil an anomalous anisotropic behaviour in a solid-solutionstrengthened superalloy with periodic columnar-to-crescent grains fabricated by laser powder bed fusion (LPBF). Specifically, as-built (AB) specimens show higher strength perpendicular to the build direction (BD) than that parallel to the BD at room temperature (RT), while the opposite trend occurs at the elevated temperature (ET, 900 degrees C). Besides, the heat treatment eliminates the anisotropy of strength at both RT and ET. A dislocation-based damage-coupled crystal plasticity finite element (CPFE) model with strain gradients is utilized to understand the origin of the above anomalous anisotropy. It is found that the transition of anisotropy from RT to ET is attributed to the temperature-dependent dislocation annihilation combined with initial dislocations in AB state. In contrast to the heat-treated specimens without anisotropy, the LPBF-induced residual deformation primarily contributes to the anisotropy at RT, whereas the initial dislocations dominate the anomalous anisotropy at ETs for AB specimens. The CPFE model reveals the threshold temperature to be 600 degrees C for the occurrence of anomalous anisotropy, which is experimentally validated. This study presents a comprehensive understanding into temperaturedependent anisotropy of AM superalloys, and in turn guides the regulation of anisotropy by tuning microstructures.

Assessment of heavy metal contamination and health risks in urban road dust and green belt soil: a case study in Harbin City, China

2025年10月09日T03:19:40Z

题名: Assessment of heavy metal contamination and health risks in urban road dust and green belt soil: a case study in Harbin City, China 作者: Zhang, Ye; Meng, Si-Da; Wang, Jian-Xin; Hu, Jie; Wu, Han; Kolodeznikov, Vasiliy Egorovich; Zakharov, Evgeniy Sergeevich; Danilova, Sakhayana Nikolaevna; Tang, Zhong-Hua; Zhang, Zi-Feng 摘要: Heavy metals present in road dust and green belt soil can be resuspended into the air due to external forces, which may contribute to potential human health risks. To examine the occurrence and potential exposure of heavy metals in urban environments, this study analyzed contamination levels of 16 heavy metals in 114 road dust samples and 78 green belt soil samples from various road types in Harbin City, China, using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). The results indicated that Fe and Ba exhibited the highest concentrations in both dust and soil, with heavy metal levels in road dust being similar to those in green belt soil, possibly suggesting a shared geological background and influence from human activities. Based on the enrichment factor (EF) and Geo-accumulation index (Igeo), it was found that heavy metals in both dust and soil likely originated from combined pollution sources, with Hg, Zn, Cu, Pb, As, Ba, and Cd being more influenced by human activities such as transportation, construction, and fossil fuel combustion. Additionally, ingestion was identified as the primary exposure route for heavy metals in both children and adults, with the hazard indexes (HI) for heavy metals in dust and generally remaining below 1. Carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks were higher in children than adults.

A multifunctional hydrogel system with synergistic effects against Staphylococcus aureus infections and inflammation in perioperative cataract surgery

2025年10月09日T03:19:41Z

题名: A multifunctional hydrogel system with synergistic effects against Staphylococcus aureus infections and inflammation in perioperative cataract surgery 作者: Zheng, Wendi; Lin, Meiting; Cheng, Hong; Gao, Xiang; Xiang, Yongguo; Wan, Wenjuan; Zheng, Shijie; Huang, Xiaobei; Hu, Ke 摘要: Advancing therapeutic strategies with high bioavailability, simplified regimens, and reduced bacterial resistance is crucial for perioperative cataract care. Herein, multifunctional hydrogel eye drops (designated as FQT) were synthesized through a simple one-pot synthesis, employing thermosensitive F127 as the structural scaffold and incorporating quaternized chitosan (QCS) and tannic acid (TA). QCS and TA not only serve as active agents conferring synergistic non-antibiotic antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects, but also cooperatively interact with F127 through hydrogen bonding, ionic interactions, and electrostatic forces to significantly modulate those hydrogels' key physicochemical properties, including thermosensitivity, thixotropy, visibility, erosion resistance, and bioavailability. Ultimately, the optimal formulation FQT1/8 (containing 0.125 % w/v TA) was identified, achieving a design optimized for perioperative application in cataract surgery. In rabbit cataract surgery models, FQT1/8 effectively prevented Staphylococcus aureus endophthalmitis from both endogenous and exogenous exposure sources via dual protection mechanisms of physical barriers and high bioavailability, with only once-daily administration. By maintaining low levels of nitric oxide (NO), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in aqueous humor and the cornea, FQT1/8 significantly suppressed postoperative inflammation. Western blot analysis further demonstrated that FQT1/8 inhibited NF-kappa B pathway activation by reducing phosphorylated p65 (p-p65) levels and restoring I kappa B alpha expression in both rabbit corneal tissues and LPSstimulated raw264.7 macrophages. Given its noninvasive nature, simple yet composite regimen, and feasibility for clinical translation, FQT1/8 presents a promising approach for perioperative cataract management.

CSpace

Cationic COF-based polymer electrolytes with synergistic hydrogen-bonding networks for enhanced Li plus desolvation and ionic conductivity in all-solid-state lithium metal batteries

Multikey Fully Homomorphic Encryption: Removing Noise Flooding in Distributed Decryption via the Smudging Lemma on Discrete Gaussian Distribution

Transition and sequence activation of deformation mechanisms in NiCoCr0.5V0.5 medium entropy alloys with different grain sizes at ambient and cryogenic temperatures

QuEChERS combined with accelerated solvent extraction to enhance the determination of perfluoroalkyl substances in animal samples

Functional Characterization of PtoWOX1 in Regulating Leaf Morphogenesis and Photosynthesis in Populus tomentosa

Chlorophylls for dual-function exciton relay and morphology regulation in organic solar cells

Pyrrolidinium- and Imidazolium-stabilized 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidi-n-1-oxyl nitroxyl radical electrolytes for high-voltage and redox-enhanced nonaqueous supercapacitors

Anomalous anisotropy in an additively manufactured solid-solution-strengthened superalloy from room to elevated temperatures

Assessment of heavy metal contamination and health risks in urban road dust and green belt soil: a case study in Harbin City, China

A multifunctional hydrogel system with synergistic effects against Staphylococcus aureus infections and inflammation in perioperative cataract surgery

Transition and sequence activation of deformation mechanisms in NiCoCr_0.5V_0.5 medium entropy alloys with different grain sizes at ambient and cryogenic temperatures