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- Protection of Human Rights
- Reform of the Judicial System
- Reform of the Criminal Justice System
- Training of Legal Professionals
- Expanding the Scope of Attorneys’ Activities
- Elimination of Shortages/Uneven Distribution of Attorneys
- Support Activities to Remedy the Violation of Rights
- Legal Aid/Assistance Projects
- International Activities
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- The Japanese Judicial System
- Publications
White Paper on Attorneys 2009
Part 1
Current Situation of Attorneys and Other Legal Professions
Current Situation of Attorneys and Other Legal Professions
Chapter 1 Current Situation of Attorneys
| I. | Population of Attorneys | . | 1 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1. Changes in the Number of Attorneys -1950 to 2009- | . | 1 | |
| 2. Regional Distribution of Attorneys (Comparison in Population) | . | 2 | |
| 3. The Number of Civil and Family Cases per Attorney | . | 3 |
Chapter 2 Populations of Legal Professionals in Foreign Countries
| I. | Comparison of the Total Number of Lawyers, Judges, and Public Prosecutors with those of Foreign Countries | . | 4 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1. The Number of People per Lawyer (Cross-country Comparison) | . | 4 | |
| 2. The Number of People per Judge (Cross-country Comparison) | . | 5 | |
| 3. The Number of People per Public Prosecutor (Cross-country Comparison) | . | 6 | |
| 4. The Number of People per Legal Professional (Cross-country Comparison) | . | 7 |
Chapter 3 Current Situation of Gaikokuho-jimu-bengoshi ("Registered Foreign Lawyers")
| I. | Changes in the Number of Gaikokuho-jimu-bengoshi 1988-2009 | . | 10 |
|---|---|---|---|
| II. | Registration of Gaikokuho Jimu Bengoshi (Registered Foreign Lawyers) | . | 11 |
| III. | Foreign Law Joint Enterprises | . | 12 |
| IV. | The Number of Foreign Lawyers Employed by Attorneys and Legal Professional Corporations | . | 13 |
| 1. By Nationality | . | 13 | |
| 2. By Home Jurisdiction | . | 14 | |
| V. | World Law Firms and Their Entry into the Japanese Market | . | 15 |
Chapter 4 Mergers of Law Offices and the Current Situation of Legal Professional Corporations
| I. | The Number of Attorneys in Law Offices | . | 16 |
|---|---|---|---|
| II. | Current Situation of Legal Professional Corporations | . | 18 |
| 1. Number of LPCs | . | 18 | |
| 2. Size of Legal Professional Corporations | . | 19 |
Chapter 5 Populations of Other Legal Professions
| I. | Changes in Populations of Other Legal Professions | . | 20 |
|---|
Part 2
Activities of Attorneys
Activities of Attorneys
Chapter 1 Criminal Advocacy Activities
| Section 1 Activities of Court-Appointed Attorneys | . | 21 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| I. | Court-Appointed Attorney System, Court-Appointed Attorney Contracts, and the Number of Defendants with Court-Appointed Attorneys | . | 21 |
| II. | Changes in the Percentage of Retaining Criminal Defense Counsel (after Prosecution) (Court-Appointed and Privately Retained) at District Courts | . | 22 |
| III. | Changes in the Percentage of Retaining Criminal Defense Counsel (after Prosecution) (Court-Appointed and Privately Retained) at Summary Courts | . | 23 |
| Section 2. Activities of Duty Attorneys (Toban Bengoshi) | . | 24 | |
| I. | Duty Attorney System | . | 24 |
| II. | Changes in the Number of Duty Attorney Accepted Cases, Appointed Cases, and Criminal Suspect Defense Aid | . | 25 |
| Section 3. Defense Activities in Juvenile Cases | . | 26 | |
| I. | Changes in the Number of Juvenile Probation Cases (at Family Courts) and the Presence of Attendants | . | 26 |
Chapter 2 Representation in Civil and Other Lawsuits
| Section 1 Civil and Commercial Lawsuits | . | 27 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| I. | Attorneys' Involvement in Ordinary Civil Lawsuits before District Courts | . | 27 |
| II. | Changes in the Percentage of Appointed Attorneys in Ordinary Second Instances (before High Courts) | . | 28 |
| III. | Percentage of Attorneys' Involvement in Ordinary Civil Lawsuits before Summary Courts | . | 29 |
Part 3
Activities of the JFBA and Local Bar Associations
Activities of the JFBA and Local Bar Associations
Chapter 1 The JFBA's Activities involving Human Rights Relief
| I. | Appeal System Procedures for Human Rights Relief | . | 30 |
|---|---|---|---|
| II. | The Number of Human Rights Relief Cases (by Category) | . | 31 |
Chapter 2 International Activities of the JFBA
| Section 1 International Activities and International Human Rights | . | 32 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| I. | International Human Rights Activities | . | 32 |
| 1. Activities at the United Nations (UN) | . | 32 | |
| 2. Training on International Human Rights Law and Humanitarian Law for Attorneys in Other Countries | . | 32 | |
| II. | International Exchange Activities | . | 33 |
| 1. Membership of International Organizations | . | 33 | |
| 2. MOUs with Overseas Bar Organizations | . | 33 | |
| III. | International Cooperation | . | 33 |
| IV. | Provision of Information Inside and Outside of Japan | . | 33 |
| V. | Overseas Visiting Fellow Program and Support for Working in International Organizations | . | 34 |
| 1. Overseas Visiting Fellow Program for JFBA Members | . | 34 | |
| 2. Support for JFBA Members Interested in Working in International Organizations | . | 34 | |
| 3. Other Support | . | 34 | |
| Section 2. International Exchange Activities of the JFBA | . | 36 | |
| MOUs with Overseas Bar Organizations | . | 36 | |
| Section 3. International Human Rights Activities of the JFBA | . | 37 | |
| 1. Reports to UN Human Rights Bodies | . | 37 | |
| 2. Activities related to the Universal Periodic Review (UPR) | . | 37 | |
| Section 4. International Cooperation of the JFBA | . | 38 | |
| 1. JICA Long-Term Experts | . | 38 | |
| 2. Past and Current JFBA Assistance Projects for Bar Associations in Developing Countries (by Country) | . | 39 | |
| Section 5. JFBA Overseas Visiting Fellow Program | . | 40 | |
| 1. JFBA Overseas Visiting Fellow Program | . | 40 | |
| 2. Past Overseas Visiting Fellows | . | 40 | |
Chapter 3 Autonomy of Attorneys
| Section 1 Complaints and Dispute Conciliations | . | 42 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| I. | Complaints against Attorneys | . | 43 |
| II. | Dispute Conciliation | . | 43 |
| 1. Number of Dispute Conciliation Cases Newly Received | . | 43 | |
| 2. Handling of Dispute Conciliation Cases (All Local Bar Associations) – 1999 to 2008 – | . | 43 | |
| Section 2 Disciplinary System for Attorneys | . | 44 | |
| I. | Summary of the Disciplinary System for Attorneys | . | 44 |
| 1. Request for Discipline | . | 44 | |
| 2. Investigation by Disciplinary Enforcement Committee | . | 44 | |
| 3. Examination by Disciplinary Actions Committee | . | 44 | |
| 4. Filing of an Objection, etc. | . | 44 | |
| 5. Public Notice by the Official Gazette, etc. | . | 44 | |
| II. | Operation of the Disciplinary System | . | 45 |
| 1. Cases Handled by Disciplinary Enforcement Committees of Bar Associations and the JFBA | . | 45 | |
| (1) Bar Associations | . | 45 | |
| (2) JFBA | . | 45 | |
| 2. Processing Cases at Disciplinary Actions Committees of Bar Associations and the JFBA | . | 46 | |
| (1) Bar Associations | . | 46 | |
| (2) JFBA | . | 46 | |
| (i) Objections | . | 46 | |
| (ii) Appeals | . | 46 | |
| 3. Processing Cases at the JFBA Board of Discipline Review | . | 47 | |
| Section 3. Disciplinary Actions and Disciplinary Procedure | . | 48 | |
| I. | Statistics Regarding Disciplinary Actions | . | 48 |
| 1. Changes in the Number of Newly Accepted Requests for Disciplinary Actions (All Bar Associations) – 1992 to 2008 – | . | 48 | |
| 2. Number of Requests for Disciplinary Action and Details of Handling the Requests (All Bar Associations) | . | 49 | |
| 3. Percentage of Disciplinary Actions (All Bar Associations) | . | 50 | |
| (1) Percentage of Cases with Disciplinary Actions out of All Requests for Disciplinary Actions | . | 50 | |
| (2) Change in Percentage of Members with Disciplinary Actions | . | 50 | |
| II. | The Flow and Current Situation of Disciplinary Procedure | . | 51 |
| 1. The Disciplinary System | . | 51 | |