Computer Networking: A Top-Down Approach (7th Edition)
Computer Networking: A Top-Down Approach (7th Edition)
7th Edition
ISBN: 9780133594140
Author: James Kurose, Keith Ross
Publisher: PEARSON
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Transcribed Image Text:### Java StringBuilder Overview
The `java.lang.StringBuilder` class uses a resizing array to represent a string of length \( n \). The first character in the string is placed at array index 0, and the last character is at array index \( n - 1 \). The array length is doubled when full and halved when one-quarter full to efficiently manage memory.
#### Partial API Reference
```java
public class StringBuilder {
StringBuilder() // create an empty string
void append(char c) // add character c to the end of the string
void prepend(char c) // add character c to the beginning of the string
char charAt(int i) // return the character at index i
}
```
#### Diagram of Underlying Representation
A diagram is provided to illustrate how the `StringBuilder` manages its character array:
- **Array Indexing:**
- The array is indexed from 0 to \( n \).
- Characters are stored sequentially in the array with unused space illustrated after the last character.
- **Example:**
- First character: Index 0 ('M')
- Last character: Index 6 ('M')
- Array contents: ['M', 'I', 'D', 'T', 'E', 'R', 'M', '-']
- Unused space (indicated by '-') follows the last character.
```plaintext
first character last character
a[] -> M I D T E R M -
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
```
#### Performance Properties
Please mark any properties that apply:
- [ ] \( \Theta(1) \) time in the worst case for `charAt()`.
- [ ] \( \Theta(1) \) time in the worst case for `append`.
- [ ] Starting from an empty `StringBuilder`, any sequence of \( n \) `append` operations takes \( \Theta(n) \) time in the worst case.
- [ ] Starting from an empty `StringBuilder`, any sequence of \( n \) `append` and `prepend` operations takes \( \Theta(n) \) time in the worst case.
- [ ] Uses \( \Theta(n) \) memory in the worst case.
This overview is designed to assist students in
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