A 2-way set-associative cache consists of four sets. Main memory contains 2K blocks of 8 bytes each and byte addressing is used.Q.) Show the main memory address format that allows us to map addresses from main memory to cache. Be sure to include the fields as well as their sizes.

How does a cache function when it stores data in a wholly associative format?

It is important to differentiate between a cache that is completely associative and one that is directly mapped.

Convert the following Compact Memory Notation diagram into an Array Memory Notation diagram. Assume the addresses are 4-bit binary values and the data are 8-bit binary values. Hint: The solution to this question is simply the reformatted diagram in Array Notation.

We are given a list of 64-bit memory address references, given as word addresses. Ox03, Oxb4, Ox2b, Ox02, Oxbf, Ox58, Oxbe, Ox0e, Oxb5, 0x2c, Oxba, Oxfd (A) For each of these references, identify the binary word address, the tag, and the index given a direct-mapped cache with 16 one- word blocks. Also list whether each reference is a hit or a miss, assuming the cache is initially empty. (B) For each of these references, identify the binary word address, the tag, the index, and the offset given a direct-mapped cache with two-word blocks and a total size of eight blocks. Also list if each reference is a hit or a miss, assuming the cache is initially empty. (C) You are asked to optimize a cache design for the given references (i.e. addresses). There are three direct-mapped cache designs possible, all with a total of eight words of data: (i) Cache1 has 1-word blocks, (ii) Cache2 has 2-word blocks, and (iii) Cache3 has 4-word blocks.

Cache system B represents a 2-way set-associative mapping cache system in table 2 The system is byte-addressable and the block size is one word (4 bytes). The tag and set numbers are represented with binary numbers. The contents of words in a block are represented with hexadecimal. Tag 10 1000 0100 1001 0000 11 1100 0100 1001 0000 10 1000 0100 1001 0000 11 1100 0100 1001 0000 10 1000 0100 1001 0000 11 1100 0100 1001 0000 10 1000 0100 1001 0000 11 1100 0100 1001 0000 10 1000 0100 1001 0000 11 1100 0100 1001 0000 10 1000 0100 1001 0000 11 1100 0100 1001 0000 Table 2 1. What is the size of the main memory for the Cache system B? Answer= 2. What is the size of the cache memory of Cache system B? Answer = Answer= Answer = 16 Answer = Set Number 16 1011 0110 1101 1011 0110 1101 miss(es) 1011 0110 1110 1011 0110 1110 1011 0110 1111 1011 0110 1111 1011 0111 0000 3. If we request to read memory address F1 24 2D B7, what data do we get? 1011 0111 0000 1011 0111 0001 1011 0111 0001 4. If we...

What is the difference between a cache that is entirely associative and a cache that is directly mapped?

3. The table below represents five lines from a cache that uses fully associative mapping with a block size of 8. Identify the address of the shaded data, 0xE6, first in binary and then in hexadecimal. The tag numbers and word id bits are in binary, but the content of the cache (the data) is in hexadecimal. Word id bits Tag 000 001 010 011 100 101 110 111 ------------------------------------------ 1011010 10 65 BA 0F C4 19 6E C3 1100101 21 76 CB 80 D5 2A 7F B5 0011011 32 87 DC 91 E6 3B F0 A6 1100000 43 98 ED A2 F7 4C E1 97 1111100 54 9A FE B3 08 5D D2 88

Cache Mapping a. A computer system has a main memory with 128 blocks and a cache with 32 blocks. If it uses direct mapping, how many main memory blocks can be mapped to a single cache block? b. In a set-associative cache with 64 blocks and divided into 4 sets, determine the associativity of each set. c. For a fully associative cache with 256 blocks, how many sets are there?

What exactly does it mean to write code that is cache-friendly?