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Commit 84ff9a0

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Lists, tuples and sets added
1 parent cf011fc commit 84ff9a0

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5 files changed

+224
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5 files changed

+224
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lines changed

‎lists.py‎

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#####
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# LISTS
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#####
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# Lists are mutable collections, we can modify them.
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# Elements of lists are inside [ ]
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courses = ['History', 'Math', 'Physics', 'ComputerScience']
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print(courses)
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print(len(courses))
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print(courses[0]) # Usage of index in lists
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print(courses[3])
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# Usage of negative index
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print(courses[-1]) # Print the last one
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print(courses[-2])
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# print(courses[4]) # Index Error
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print('\n')
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# SLICING
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print(courses[0:2]) # From 0 (included) to 2 (excluded)
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print(courses[:2])
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print(courses[1:])
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print('\n')
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# LIST METHODS
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# Add Remove
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courses.append('Art') # Add a course to the list (at the end)
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print(courses)
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courses.insert(0, 'Algebra') # Add 'Algebra' element in the position 0 of the list
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print(courses)
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courses_2 = ['Education', 'Machine Learning']
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courses.extend(courses_2) # We want to add multiple values (at the end)
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print(courses)
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# WARN: courses.insert(0, courses_2) will add the entire courses_2 list as a single element in the course list.
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courses.remove('Art')
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print(courses)
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item = courses.pop() # Removes the last item (list usage as a stack or a queue), it returns the value
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print(courses)
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print(item)
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print('\n')
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# Order
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courses.reverse() # Reverse order
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print(courses)
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courses.sort() # Sort items (str in alphabetical order)
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print(courses)
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nums = [1, 3, 7, 32, 2]
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nums.sort() # Sort items (int in ascending order)
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print(nums)
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nums.sort(reverse=True) # Equals to nums.reverse()
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print(nums)
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print('\n')
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# If we want to sort without altering the original list
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nums = [1, 3, 7, 32, 2]
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sorted_nums = sorted(nums)
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print(sorted_nums) # That is sorted
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print(nums) # The original one wasn't touched
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print('\n')
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# Min, Max, Sum
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print(min(nums))
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print(max(nums))
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print(sum(nums))
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print('\n')
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# Find
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courses = ['History', 'Math', 'Physics', 'ComputerScience']
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print(courses.index('Math')) # Print 'Math' index
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print(courses.index('History'))
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# print(courses.index('Art')) # Error
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print('Art' in courses) # Boolean result (Is there 'Art' in courses?)
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print('\n')
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# Loop
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for item in courses: # Cicle the list calling every single cicle the element as 'item' and each time print it.
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print(item)
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print('\n')
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for index, course in enumerate(courses): # Same cicle that prints also the index of the element
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print(index, course)
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print('\n')
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for index, course in enumerate(courses, start=1): # Same cicle with numbers that starts from 1 instead of 0
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print(index, course)
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print('\n')
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# Join
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courses = ['History', 'Math', 'Physics', 'ComputerScience']
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course_str = ', '.join(courses) # Join the elements of the list in a single string
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print(course_str) # This is a string
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# Split
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new_list = course_str.split(", ") # Splits the string taking ", " as sepator and returns a List of strings
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print(new_list) # This is a List of strings
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print('\n')
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# Empty List (2 methods)
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empty_list = list()
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empty_list = []
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# --------------------> <-------------------- #

‎numbers.py‎

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print('\n')
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#####
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# STRINGS AND NUMBERS (CASTING)
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#####
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num_1 = '100' # Those are strings!
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num_2 = '200'
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‎sets.py‎

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#####
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# SETS
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#####
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# Sets have no duplicate elements and unordered
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# Elements of lists are inside { }
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courses = {'History', 'Math', 'Physics', 'Art'}
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print(courses) # Try to execute and see the order of the print! (unordered)
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courses.add('Computer Science')
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courses.add('Art') # This is a duplicate and will not be inserted
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print(courses)
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# Sets are useful to check efficiently if there is an element (Optimized for this)
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print('Math' in courses)
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# See values shered between sets (Optimized for this)
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courses_1 = {'History', 'Math', 'Physics', 'Computer Science'}
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courses_2 = {'History', 'Math', 'Design', 'Art'}
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print(courses_1.intersection(courses_2)) # Returns a set with intersection between 2 sets.
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print(courses_1.difference(courses_2)) # Difference
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print(courses_1.union(courses_2)) # Union
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# Emply Set (1 method)
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empty_set = set()
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# empty_set = {} # Wrong! This will create an empty dictionary
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# --------------------> <-------------------- #

‎strings.py‎

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# BASIC STRINGS
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#####
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# STRINGS
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#####
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# This is a comment
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‎tuples.py‎

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#####
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# TUPLES
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#####
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# Tuples are immutable, so we can't modify them.
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# Elements of lists are inside ( )
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# Example with list on why we need Tuples:
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list_1 = ['History', 'Math', 'Physics', 'CompSci']
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list_2 = list_1 # We are inizializing list_2 pointer to list_1
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print(list_1)
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print(list_2)
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# So if we change list_1 we are also changing list_2
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list_1[0] = 'Art'
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print(list_1)
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print(list_2)
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print('\n')
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# Immutable Tuples:
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tuple_1 = ('History', 'Math', 'Physics', 'CompSci')
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tuple_2 = tuple_1
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print(tuple_1)
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print(tuple_2)
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# tuple_1[0] = 'Art' # This will give an error!
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# print(tuple_1)
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# print(tuple_2)
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print('\n')
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# Empty Tuple (2 methods)
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empty_tuple = tuple()
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empty_tuple = ()
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# --------------------> <-------------------- #

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