Squirrel (programming language)
Squirrel | |
---|---|
Paradigm | Multi-paradigm: scripting, imperative, functional, object-oriented |
Designed by | Alberto Demichelis |
First appeared | September 6, 2003; 22 years ago (2003年09月06日) |
Stable release | |
Typing discipline | Dynamic |
OS | Cross-platform |
License | MIT license |
Filename extensions | .nut |
Website | squirrel-lang |
Influenced by | |
C++, JavaScript, Lua, Python | |
Influenced | |
MiniD (since renamed Croc) |
Squirrel is a high level imperative, object-oriented programming language, designed to be a lightweight scripting language that fits in the size, memory bandwidth, and real-time requirements of applications like video games.
MirthKit, a simple toolkit for making and distributing open source, cross-platform 2D games, uses Squirrel for its platform.[2] It is used extensively by Code::Blocks for scripting and was also used in Final Fantasy Crystal Chronicles: My Life as a King .[3] [4] It is also used in Left 4 Dead 2 , Portal 2 , Thimbleweed Park , and War Thunder for scripted events and in NewDark, an unofficial Thief 2: The Metal Age engine update, to facilitate additional, simplified means of scripting mission events, aside of the regular C scripting.[5]
Language features
[edit ]- Dynamic typing
- Delegation
- Classes, inheritance
- Higher-order functions
- Generators
- Cooperative threads (coroutines)
- Tail recursion
- Exception handling
- Automatic memory management (mainly reference counting with backup garbage collector)
- Weak references
- Both compiler and virtual machine fit together in about 7k lines of C++ code
- Optional support for UCS-2 wide strings
Syntax
[edit ]Squirrel uses a C-like syntax, albeit inspired by that of Lua as well.
- Factorial in Squirrel
localfunctionfactorial(x)// Getting function which is factorial, then getting value which is x { if(x<=1){// if x is less than 1 return1;// then the code will just return 1 } else{// if that doesn't work returnx*factorial(x-1);// then the code will return x times factorial(x-1) } }
- Generators
functionnot_a_random_number_generator(max){ locallast=42; localIM=139968; localIA=3877; localIC=29573; for(;;){// loops forever yield(max*(last=(last*IA+IC)%IM)/IM); } } localrandtor=not_a_random_number_generator(100); for(locali=0;i<10;i+=1) print(">"+resumerandtor+"\n");
- Classes and inheritance
classBaseVector{ constructor(...) { if(vargv.len()>=3){ x=vargv[0]; y=vargv[1]; z=vargv[2]; } } x=0; y=0; z=0; } classVector3extendsBaseVector{ function_add(other) { if(otherinstanceof::Vector3) return::Vector3(x+other.x,y+other.y,z+other.z); else throw"wrong parameter"; } functionPrint() { ::print(x+","+y+","+z+"\n"); } } localv0=Vector3(1,2,3) localv1=Vector3(11,12,13) localv2=v0+v1; v2.Print();
Applications
[edit ]Applications using Squirrel
[edit ]- Code::Blocks, integrated development environment
- Enduro/X, cluster application server
- Electric Imp, an end-to-end IoT platform[6]
Games using Squirrel
[edit ]- Alien Swarm [7]
- Antinomy of Common Flowers [8]
- Apex Legends
- Battle Brothers
- Contagion [7]
- Counter Strike: Global Offensive [7]
- CRSED: F.O.A.D.
- Final Fantasy Crystal Chronicles: My Life as a King [3]
- Gothic Online,[9] a mod for Gothic II
- GTA IV 's IV-MP[10]
- Left 4 Dead 2 [7]
- Liberty Unleashed[11]
- Mafia II 's M2-Multiplayer[12]
- Melty Blood: Type Lumina [13]
- Nuclear Dawn [7]
- OpenTTD [14]
- Portal 2 [7]
- Shadow Warrior
- Simutrans [15]
- Sonic Unleashed (PS2/Wii)[16]
- SuperTux
- Team Fortress 2 [7]
- Thimbleweed Park [17]
- Thief II (unofficial NewDark engine update)[18]
- Titanfall [7]
- Vice City Multiplayer,[19] a mod for Grand Theft Auto: Vice City [20]
- Under Night In-Birth [21]
- War Thunder
- Zero no Tsukaima - Maigo no Period to Ikusen no Symphony (PS2)
- Zero no Tsukaima - Muma ga Tsumugu Yokaze no Nocturne (PS2)
- Zero no Tsukaima - Shou-akuma to Harukaze no Concerto (PS2)
History
[edit ]The language was made public in 2003 under the zlib/libpng license.[22] In November 2010, the license was changed to the MIT license to enable the project to be hosted on Google Code.[23] [24] It is developed and maintained by Alberto Demichelis.
See also
[edit ]References
[edit ]- ^ "squirrel/HISTORY at master - albertodemichelis/squirrel - GitHub".
- ^ MirthKit Developer Wiki Archived 2014年02月11日 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ a b Brandon Boyer (21 February 2008). "Gamasutra - GDC 2008 Event Coverage". gamasutra.com. Gamasutra. Archived from the original on May 9, 2010.
- ^ "Exclusive: Behind The Scenes of Final Fantasy's WiiWare Debut". gamasutra.com. Gamasutra. 23 June 2008. Archived from the original on November 10, 2010. Retrieved 22 September 2011.
- ^ "L4D2 Vscripts - Valve Developer Community". developer.valvesoftware.com. Retrieved 2018年07月06日.
- ^ "Electric Imp programming guide". electricimp.com.
- ^ a b c d e f g h "VScript". valvesoftware.com. 2014年08月20日. Retrieved 2015年01月17日.
- ^ "th155-decomp". GitHub . Retrieved 2020年10月19日.
- ^ Gothic 2 Online
- ^ "iv-multiplayer.com". www.iv-multiplayer.com. Archived from the original on 2012年06月07日. Retrieved 2018年07月06日.
- ^ "Liberty Unleashed" . Retrieved 2019年12月04日.
- ^ "m2-multiplayer.com". www.m2-multiplayer.com. Archived from the original on 2013年01月02日. Retrieved 2018年07月06日.
- ^ "undernightinbirth". GitHub . Retrieved 2024年08月18日.
- ^ "AI:Main Page - OpenTTD". wiki.openttd.org. Retrieved 2018年07月06日.
- ^ "Simutrans-Squirrel-API: Main Page". dwachs.github.io. Retrieved 2018年07月06日.
- ^ "The VG Resource Wiki". wiki.vg-resource.com. Retrieved 2021年09月04日.
- ^ "Thimbleweed Park Blog- Engine". blog.thimbleweedpark.com. Retrieved 2018年07月06日.
- ^ "NewDark 1.25: Squirrel script?". ttlg.com. 2017年03月20日. Retrieved 2019年12月25日.
- ^ Vice City Multiplayer
- ^ "Welcome To VC-MP website!". Archived from the original on 2006年04月05日. Retrieved 2014年05月04日.
- ^ "undernightinbirth". GitHub . Retrieved 2024年08月18日.
- ^ "The Squirrel programming language". SourceForge. Retrieved 2018年07月06日.
- ^ "Moving to code.google.com and MIT License - The Language - Squirrel - The Programming Language". forum.squirrel-lang.org. Retrieved 2018年07月06日.
- ^ "Google Code Archive - Long-term storage for Google Code Project Hosting". code.google.com. Retrieved 2018年07月06日.