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1.60 avankest 1: <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN">
1.1 avankest 2: <html lang="en-US">
 3: <head>
 4:  <title>The XMLHttpRequest Object</title>
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1.16 avankest 22:  </style>
1.147 avankest 23:  <link rel="stylesheet" href="http://www.w3.org/StyleSheets/TR/W3C-[STATUS]">
1.1 avankest 24: </head>
 25: <body>
 26:  <div class="head">
 27:  <p><a href="http://www.w3.org/"><img height="48" width="72" alt="W3C" src="http://www.w3.org/Icons/w3c_home"></a></p>
1.12 avankest 28: 
1.156 avankest 29:  <h1 class="head" id="the-xmlhttprequest-object">The
 30:  <code title="">XMLHttpRequest</code> Object</h1>
1.12 avankest 31: 
1.149 avankest 32:  <h2 class="no-num no-toc" id="w3c-doctype">[LONGSTATUS] [DATE: 3 August 2002]</h2>
1.12 avankest 33: 
1.1 avankest 34:  <dl>
1.10 avankest 35:   <dt>This Version:</dt>
1.173 avankest 36:   <dd><a href="[VERSION]/">http://www.w3.org/TR/[YEAR]/ED-XMLHttpRequest-[CDATE]/</a></dd>
1.14 avankest 37: 
1.10 avankest 38:   <dt>Latest Version:</dt>
1.1 avankest 39:   <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/XMLHttpRequest/">http://www.w3.org/TR/XMLHttpRequest/</a></dd>
1.189 ! avankest 40:   
 ! 41:   <dt>Latest Editor Version:</dt>
 ! 42:   <dd><a href="http://dev.w3.org/2006/webapi/XMLHttpRequest/">http://dev.w3.org/2006/webapi/XMLHttpRequest/</a></dd>
1.14 avankest 43: 
1.10 avankest 44:   <dt>Previous Versions:</dt>
1.173 avankest 45:   <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2008/WD-XMLHttpRequest-20080415/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2008/WD-XMLHttpRequest-20080415/</a></dd>
1.154 avankest 46:   <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2007/WD-XMLHttpRequest-20071026/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2007/WD-XMLHttpRequest-20071026/</a></dd>
1.133 avankest 47:   <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2007/WD-XMLHttpRequest-20070618/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2007/WD-XMLHttpRequest-20070618/</a></dd>
1.58 avankest 48:   <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2007/WD-XMLHttpRequest-20070227/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2007/WD-XMLHttpRequest-20070227/</a></dd>
1.22 avankest 49:   <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/WD-XMLHttpRequest-20060927/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/WD-XMLHttpRequest-20060927/</a></dd>
1.1 avankest 50:   <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/WD-XMLHttpRequest-20060619/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/WD-XMLHttpRequest-20060619/</a></dd>
 51:   <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/WD-XMLHttpRequest-20060405/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/WD-XMLHttpRequest-20060405/</a></dd>
1.14 avankest 52: 
1.1 avankest 53:   <dt>Editor:</dt>
 54:   <dd><a href="http://annevankesteren.nl/">Anne van Kesteren</a>
 55:   (<a href="http://www.opera.com/">Opera Software ASA</a>)
 56:   &lt;<a href="mailto:annevk@opera.com">annevk@opera.com</a>&gt;</dd>
 57:  </dl>
1.14 avankest 58: 
1.1 avankest 59:  <p class="copyright"><a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#Copyright">Copyright</a>
1.51 avankest 60:  &copy; 2007
 61:  <a href="http://www.w3.org/"><acronym title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</acronym></a><sup>&reg;</sup>
 62:  (<a href="http://www.csail.mit.edu/"><acronym title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">MIT</acronym></a>,
 63:  <a href="http://www.ercim.org/"><acronym title="European Research Consortium for Informatics and Mathematics">ERCIM</acronym></a>,
 64:  <a href="http://www.keio.ac.jp/">Keio</a>), All Rights Reserved. W3C
 65:  <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#Legal_Disclaimer">liability</a>,
 66:  <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#W3C_Trademarks">trademark</a>
 67:  and
 68:  <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/copyright-documents">document
 69:  use</a> rules apply.</p>
1.1 avankest 70:  </div>
1.12 avankest 71: 
1.1 avankest 72:  <hr>
1.12 avankest 73: 
1.1 avankest 74:  <h2 class="no-num no-toc" id="specabstract">Abstract</h2>
1.10 avankest 75: 
1.22 avankest 76:  <p>The <code title="">XMLHttpRequest</code> Object specification defines an
 77:  <abbr title="Application Programming Interface">API</abbr> that provides
 78:  scripted client functionality for transferring data between a client and a
 79:  server.</p>
1.12 avankest 80: 
1.1 avankest 81:  <h2 class="no-num no-toc" id="sotd">Status of this Document</h2>
1.12 avankest 82: 
1.1 avankest 83:  <p><em>This section describes the status of this document at the time of its
1.36 avankest 84:  publication. Other documents may supersede this document. A list of current
 85:  W3C publications and the latest revision of this technical report can be
 86:  found in the <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/">W3C technical reports index</a>
1.117 avankest 87:  at http://www.w3.org/TR/.</em></p>
1.36 avankest 88: 
1.172 avankest 89:  <p>This is the [DATE: 3 August 2002] Last Call Working Draft of The
1.147 avankest 90:  <code title="">XMLHttpRequest</code> Object specification. Please send
 91:  comments to <a href="mailto:public-webapi@w3.org">public-webapi@w3.org</a>
1.47 avankest 92:  (<a href="http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/public-webapi/">archived</a>)
1.172 avankest 93:  with either <samp>[XHR]</samp> or <samp title="">[XMLHttpRequest]</samp>
 94:  at the start of the subject line before befor 2 June 2008.</p>
1.51 avankest 95: 
1.47 avankest 96:  <p>This document is produced by the
 97:  <a href="http://www.w3.org/2006/webapi/">Web API Working Group</a>, part of
 98:  the <a href="http://www.w3.org/2006/rwc/Activity">Rich Web Clients
 99:  Activity</a> in the W3C <a href="http://www.w3.org/Interaction/">Interaction
1.51 avankest 100:  Domain</a>. Changes made to this document can be found in the
1.47 avankest 101:  <a href="http://dev.w3.org/cvsweb/2006/webapi/XMLHttpRequest/Overview.html">W3C
1.117 avankest 102:  public CVS server</a>.</p>
1.12 avankest 103: 
1.1 avankest 104:  <p>Publication as a Working Draft does not imply endorsement by the W3C
1.36 avankest 105:  Membership. This is a draft document and may be updated, replaced or
 106:  obsoleted by other documents at any time. It is inappropriate to cite this
 107:  document as other than work in progress.</p>
1.12 avankest 108: 
1.1 avankest 109:  <p>This document was produced by a group operating under the
1.36 avankest 110:  <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Patent-Policy-20040205/">5 February
1.52 avankest 111:  2004 W3C Patent Policy</a>. W3C maintains a
1.36 avankest 112:  <a rel="disclosure" href="http://www.w3.org/2004/01/pp-impl/38482/status">public
 113:  list of any patent disclosures</a> made in connection with the deliverables
 114:  of the group; that page also includes instructions for disclosing a patent.
 115:  An individual who has actual knowledge of a patent which the individual
 116:  believes contains
 117:  <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Patent-Policy-20040205/#def-essential">Essential
 118:  Claim(s)</a> must disclose the information in accordance with
 119:  <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Patent-Policy-20040205/#sec-Disclosure">section
 120:  6 of the W3C Patent Policy</a>.</p>
1.12 avankest 121: 
1.1 avankest 122:  <h2 class="no-num no-toc" id="toc">Table of Contents</h2>
1.21 avankest 123: 
1.1 avankest 124:  <!--toc-->
1.12 avankest 125: 
1.1 avankest 126:  <h2 id="introduction">Introduction</h2>
1.12 avankest 127: 
1.1 avankest 128:  <p><em>This section is non-normative.</em></p>
1.12 avankest 129: 
1.183 avankest 130:  <p>The <code>XMLHttpRequest</code> object implements an interface exposed
 131:  by a scripting engine that allows scripts to perform HTTP client
 132:  functionality, such as submitting form data or loading data from a
 133:  server. It is the ECMAScript HTTP API.</p>
1.24 avankest 134: 
1.1 avankest 135:  <p>The name of the object is <code>XMLHttpRequest</code> for compatibility
1.183 avankest 136:  with the Web, though each component of this name is potentially
 137:  misleading. First, the object supports any text based format, including
 138:  XML. Second, it can be used to make requests over both HTTP and HTTPS
 139:  (some implementations support protocols in addition to HTTP and HTTPS, but
 140:  that functionality is not covered by this specification). Finally, it
 141:  supports "requests" in a broad sense of the term as it pertains to HTTP;
 142:  namely all activity involved with HTTP requests or responses for the
 143:  defined HTTP methods.</p>
1.12 avankest 144: 
1.14 avankest 145:  <div class="example">
 146:  <p>Some simple code to do something with data from an XML document fetched
1.22 avankest 147:  over the network:</p>
1.16 avankest 148: 
1.58 avankest 149:  <pre><code>function test(data) {
1.14 avankest 150: // taking care of data
 151: }
 152: 
 153: function handler() {
1.117 avankest 154: if(this.readyState == 4 &amp;&amp; this.status == 200) {
1.14 avankest 155:  // so far so good
1.117 avankest 156:  if(this.responseXML != null &amp;&amp; this.responseXML.getElementById('test').firstChild.data)
 157:   // success!
1.14 avankest 158:  test(this.responseXML.getElementById('test').firstChild.data);
 159:  else
 160:  test(null);
1.117 avankest 161: } else if (this.readyState == 4 &amp;&amp; this.status != 200) {
1.14 avankest 162:  // fetched the wrong page or network error...
 163:  test(null);
 164: }
 165: }
1.12 avankest 166: 
1.14 avankest 167: var client = new XMLHttpRequest();
 168: client.onreadystatechange = handler;
 169: client.open("GET", "test.xml");
1.58 avankest 170: client.send();</code></pre>
1.16 avankest 171: 
1.56 avankest 172:  <p>If you just want to log a message to the server:</p>
1.16 avankest 173: 
1.58 avankest 174:  <pre><code>function log(message) {
1.14 avankest 175: var client = new XMLHttpRequest();
1.56 avankest 176: client.open("POST", "/log");
1.57 avankest 177: client.setRequestHeader("Content-Type", "text/plain;charset=UTF-8");
1.14 avankest 178: client.send(message);
1.58 avankest 179: }</code></pre>
1.16 avankest 180: 
1.14 avankest 181:  <p>Or if you want to check the status of a document on the server:</p>
1.16 avankest 182: 
1.58 avankest 183:  <pre><code>function fetchStatus(address) {
1.14 avankest 184: var client = new XMLHttpRequest();
 185: client.onreadystatechange = function() {
 186:  // in case of network errors this might not give reliable results
 187:  if(this.readyState == 4)
 188:  returnStatus(this.status);
 189: }
 190: client.open("HEAD", address);
 191: client.send();
1.58 avankest 192: }</code></pre>
1.14 avankest 193:  </div>
1.12 avankest 194: 
1.153 avankest 195:  <h2 id="conformance">Conformance</h2>
1.12 avankest 196: 
1.27 avankest 197:  <p>Everything in this specification is normative except for diagrams,
 198:  examples, notes and sections marked non-normative.</p>
1.12 avankest 199: 
1.1 avankest 200:  <p>The key words <em class="ct">must</em>, <em class="ct">must not</em>,
1.74 avankest 201:  <em class="ct">should</em> and <em class="ct">may</em> in this document are
 202:  to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119.
 203:  [<cite><span>RFC2119</span></cite>]</p>
1.12 avankest 204: 
1.1 avankest 205:  <p>This specification defines the following classes of products:</p>
1.12 avankest 206: 
1.1 avankest 207:  <dl>
1.74 avankest 208:  <dt><dfn id="conforming-user-agent">Conforming user agent</dfn></dt>
1.24 avankest 209: 
1.74 avankest 210:  <dd>
 211:   <p>A user agent <em class="ct">must</em> behave as described in this
1.106 avankest 212:   specification in order to be considered conformant.</p>
1.95 avankest 213: 
1.140 avankest 214:   <p>If the user agent is not a conforming XML user agent the <span>XML
 215:   response entity body</span> <em class="ct">must</em> (always) be
 216:   <code>null</code>.</p>
 217: 
 218:   <p>User agents <em class="ct">may</em> implement algorithms given in
 219:   this specification in any way desired, so long as the end result is
 220:   indistinguishable from the result that would be obtained by the
 221:   specification's algorithms.</p>
1.110 avankest 222: 
1.95 avankest 223:   <p class="note">This specification uses both the terms "conforming user
 224:   agent(s)" and "user agent(s)" to refer to this product class.</p>
1.74 avankest 225:  </dd>
1.110 avankest 226: 
1.94 avankest 227:  <dt><dfn id="conforming-xml-user-agent">Conforming XML user agent</dfn></dt>
1.110 avankest 228: 
1.163 avankest 229:  <dd><p>An XML user agent <em class="ct">must</em> be a <span>conforming
 230:  user agent</span> and <em class="ct">must</em> be a conforming XML
 231:  processor that reports violations of namespace well-formedness.
 232:  [<cite><span>XML</span></cite>]
1.140 avankest 233:  [<cite><span>XMLNS</span></cite>]</p></dd>
1.1 avankest 234:  </dl>
1.32 avankest 235: 
1.153 avankest 236:  <h3 id="dependencies">Dependencies</h3>
1.33 avankest 237: 
1.29 avankest 238:  <p>This specification relies on several underlying specifications.</p>
 239:  <dl>
 240:  <dt>DOM</dt>
1.33 avankest 241: 
1.155 avankest 242:  <dd><p>A <span title="conforming user agent">conforming user agent</span>
1.176 avankest 243:  <em class="ct">must</em> support at least the subset of the functionality
1.182 avankest 244:  defined in DOM Events and DOM Core that this specification relies upon,
 245:  such as various exceptions and <code>EventTarget</code>.
1.155 avankest 246:  [<cite><span>DOM2Events</span></cite>]
 247:  [<cite><span>DOM3Core</span></cite>]</p></dd>
1.29 avankest 248: 
1.161 avankest 249:  <dt>HTML&nbsp;5</dt>
 250: 
 251:  <dd>
1.189 ! avankest 252:   <p>A <span>conforming user agent</span> <em class="ct">must</em> support
 ! 253:   at least the subset of the functionality defined in HTML&nbsp;5 that
 ! 254:   this specification relies upon, such as the <code>Window</code> object
 ! 255:   and serializing a <code>Document</code> object.
1.161 avankest 256:   [<cite><span>HTML5</span></cite>]</p>
 257: 
 258:   <p class="note">The
 259:   <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/WD-Window-20060407/">Window Object
 260:   1.0</a> draft is not referenced normatively as it appears to be no
 261:   longer maintained and HTML&nbsp;5 defines the <code>Window</code> object
 262:   in more detail. This specification already depends on HTML&nbsp;5 for
 263:   other reasons so there is not much additional overhead because of
 264:   this.</p>
 265: 
1.29 avankest 266:  <dt>HTTP</dt>
1.33 avankest 267: 
1.29 avankest 268:  <dd>
1.155 avankest 269:   <p>A <span>conforming user agent</span>
1.126 avankest 270:   <em class="ct">must</em> support some version of the HTTP protocol. It
 271:   <em class="ct">should</em> support any HTTP method that matches the
1.149 avankest 272:   <span><code>Method</code> production</span> and <em class="ct">must</em>
 273:   at least support the following methods:</p>
1.58 avankest 274: 
 275:   <ul>
 276:   <li><code>GET</code></li>
 277:   <li><code>POST</code></li>
 278:   <li><code>HEAD</code></li>
 279:   <li><code>PUT</code></li>
 280:   <li><code>DELETE</code></li>
 281:   <li><code>OPTIONS</code></li>
 282:   </ul>
1.135 avankest 283: 
1.58 avankest 284:   <p>Other requirements regarding HTTP are made throughout the
1.39 avankest 285:   specification. [<cite><span>RFC2616</span></cite>]</p>
1.29 avankest 286:  </dd>
1.189 ! avankest 287: 
1.181 avankest 288:  <dt>Web IDL</dt>
 289:  
 290:  <dd>A <span>conforming user agent</span> <em class="ct">must</em> also be
 291:  a conforming implementation of the IDL fragment in this specification, as
 292:  described in the Web IDL specification.
 293:  [<cite><span>WebIDL</span></cite>]
1.29 avankest 294:  </dl>
1.12 avankest 295: 
1.157 avankest 296: 
1.153 avankest 297:  <h3 id="terminology">Terminology</h3>
1.12 avankest 298: 
1.80 avankest 299:  <p>There is a <dfn id="case-insensitive-match">case-insensitive match</dfn>
1.153 avankest 300:  of strings <var>s1</var> and <var>s2</var> if after mapping the ASCII
 301:  character range A-Z to the range a-z both strings are identical.</p>
1.144 avankest 302: 
1.184 avankest 303:  <p>The terms <dfn id="origin">origin</dfn>,
 304:  <dfn id="same-origin">same origin</dfn>, and
1.157 avankest 305:  <dfn id="event-handler-attribute">event handler DOM attribute</dfn> are
 306:  defined by the HTML&nbsp;5 specification.
 307:  [<cite><span>HTML5</span></cite>]</p>
1.155 avankest 308: 
1.80 avankest 309: 
1.153 avankest 310:  <h3 id="extensibility">Extensibility</h3>
1.12 avankest 311: 
1.81 avankest 312:  <p>Extensions of the API defined by this specification are <em>strongly
1.22 avankest 313:  discouraged</em>. User agents, Working Groups and other interested parties
1.33 avankest 314:  should discuss extensions on a relevant public forum, preferably
1.22 avankest 315:  <a href="mailto:public-webapi@w3.org">public-webapi@w3.org</a>.</p>
1.12 avankest 316: 
1.153 avankest 317: 
1.157 avankest 318: 
1.153 avankest 319:  <h2 id="security">Security Considerations</h2>
 320:  
1.154 avankest 321:  <p>Apart from requirements affecting security made throughout this
 322:  specification implementations <em class="ct">may</em>, at their
1.175 avankest 323:  discretion, not expose certain headers, such as headers containing
1.177 avankest 324:  HttpOnly cookies. [<cite><span>HTTPONLY</span></cite>]</p>
1.153 avankest 325: 
 326: 
1.157 avankest 327: 
1.153 avankest 328:  <h2 id="xmlhttprequest">The <code title="">XMLHttpRequest</code>
 329:  Object</h2>
1.12 avankest 330: 
1.58 avankest 331:  <p>The <code>XMLHttpRequest</code> object can be used by scripts to
1.22 avankest 332:  programmatically connect to their originating server via HTTP.</p>
1.12 avankest 333: 
1.1 avankest 334:  <p>Objects implementing the <code>XMLHttpRequest</code> interface
1.22 avankest 335:  <em class="ct">must</em> also implement the <code>EventTarget</code>
1.155 avankest 336:  interface. [<cite><span>DOM2Events</span></cite>]</p>
1.12 avankest 337: 
1.58 avankest 338:  <p>Objects implementing the <code title="">Window</code> interface
 339:  <em class="ct">must</em> provide an <code title="">XMLHttpRequest()</code>
1.155 avankest 340:  constructor. [<cite><span>HTML5</span></cite>]</p>
1.12 avankest 341: 
1.1 avankest 342:  <div class="example">
1.58 avankest 343:  <p>In ECMAScript this can be used as follows:</p>
 344: 
 345:  <pre><code>var client = new XMLHttpRequest();</code></pre>
1.1 avankest 346:  </div>
1.12 avankest 347: 
1.150 avankest 348:  <p>When the <code title="">XMLHttpRequest()</code> constructor is invoked
1.157 avankest 349:  a persistent pointer to the associated <code title="">Document</code>
 350:  object is stored on the newly created object. This is the
 351:  <dfn title="Document pointer" id="document-pointer"><code>Document</code>
 352:  pointer</dfn>. The associated <code>Document</code> object is the one
 353:  returned by the <code>document</code> attribute from the object on which
 354:  the <code title="">XMLHttpRequest()</code> constructor was invoked (a
 355:  <code>Window</code> object). The pointer can become "null" if the
 356:  object is destroyed.</p>
 357:  
 358:  <p class="note">As per the conformance criteria implementations are free
 359:  to implement this in any way they desire as long as the end results are
 360:  identical to those given by the English prose.</p>
1.27 avankest 361: 
1.58 avankest 362:  <div class="example">
1.157 avankest 363:  <p>If <var><code>iframe</code></var> is a <code title="">Window</code>
1.175 avankest 364:  object, <var><code>client</code></var> will have a pointer to
1.157 avankest 365:  <var><code>iframe.document</code></var> in the following example:</p>
1.58 avankest 366: 
1.157 avankest 367:  <pre><code>var client = new iframe.XMLHttpRequest()</code></pre>
1.58 avankest 368:  </div>
1.12 avankest 369: 
1.181 avankest 370:  <pre class="idl">[Constructor] interface <dfn id="xmlhttprequest-object">XMLHttpRequest</dfn> {
1.58 avankest 371:  // event handler
1.70 avankest 372:      attribute EventListener <span>onreadystatechange</span>;
1.58 avankest 373: 
 374:  // state
1.71 avankest 375:  const unsigned short <span title="UNSENT state">UNSENT</span> = 0;
1.134 avankest 376:  const unsigned short <span title="OPENED state">OPENED</span> = 1;
1.123 avankest 377:  const unsigned short <span title="HEADERS_RECEIVED state">HEADERS_RECEIVED</span> = 2;
1.86 avankest 378:  const unsigned short <span title="LOADING state">LOADING</span> = 3;
1.117 avankest 379:  const unsigned short <span title="DONE state">DONE</span> = 4;
1.70 avankest 380:  readonly attribute unsigned short <span>readyState</span>;
1.58 avankest 381: 
 382:  // request
1.70 avankest 383:  void <span>open</span>(in DOMString <var>method</var>, in DOMString <var>url</var>);
 384:  void <span>open</span>(in DOMString <var>method</var>, in DOMString <var>url</var>, in boolean <var>async</var>);
1.181 avankest 385:  void <span>open</span>(in DOMString <var>method</var>, in DOMString <var>url</var>, in boolean <var>async</var>, [Null=Null, Undefined=Null] in DOMString <var>user</var>);
 386:  void <span>open</span>(in DOMString <var>method</var>, in DOMString <var>url</var>, in boolean <var>async</var>, [Null=Null, Undefined=Null] in DOMString <var>user</var>, [Null=Null, Undefined=Null] in DOMString <var>password</var>);
1.70 avankest 387:  void <span>setRequestHeader</span>(in DOMString <var>header</var>, in DOMString <var>value</var>);
 388:  void <span>send</span>();
1.181 avankest 389:  void <span>send</span>([Null=Null, Undefined=Null] in DOMString <var>data</var>);
1.70 avankest 390:  void <span>send</span>(in Document <var>data</var>);
 391:  void <span>abort</span>();
1.58 avankest 392: 
 393:  // response
1.70 avankest 394:  DOMString <span>getAllResponseHeaders</span>();
 395:  DOMString <span>getResponseHeader</span>(in DOMString <var>header</var>);
 396:  readonly attribute DOMString <span>responseText</span>;
 397:  readonly attribute Document <span>responseXML</span>;
 398:  readonly attribute unsigned short <span>status</span>;
 399:  readonly attribute DOMString <span>statusText</span>;
1.1 avankest 400: };</pre>
1.8 avankest 401: 
1.58 avankest 402:  <p>The <code>XMLHttpRequest</code> object can be in five states:
1.71 avankest 403:  <span title="UNSENT state">UNSENT</span>,
1.134 avankest 404:  <span title="OPENED state">OPENED</span>,
1.123 avankest 405:  <span title="HEADERS_RECEIVED state">HEADERS_RECEIVED</span>,
1.86 avankest 406:  <span title="LOADING state">LOADING</span> and
1.79 avankest 407:  <span title="DONE state">DONE</span>. The current state is exposed through
 408:  the <code>readyState</code> attribute. The method definitions below define
 409:  when a state transition takes place.</p>
1.58 avankest 410: 
 411:  <p>When constructed, the <code>XMLHttpRequest</code> object
1.71 avankest 412:  <em class="ct">must</em> be in the UNSENT state. This state is represented
1.134 avankest 413:  by the <dfn id="unsent-state" title="UNSENT state"><code>UNSENT</code></dfn>
1.58 avankest 414:  constant, whose value is <code>0</code>.</p>
 415: 
1.134 avankest 416:  <p>The OPENED state is the state of the object when the <code>open()</code>
1.184 avankest 417:  method has been successfully invoked. During this state
 418:  <span>author request headers</span> can
1.58 avankest 419:  be set using <code>setRequestHeader()</code> and the request can be made
 420:  using <code>send()</code>. This state is represented by the
1.134 avankest 421:  <dfn id="opened-state" title="OPENED state"><code>OPENED</code></dfn> constant,
1.131 avankest 422:  whose value is <code>1</code>.</p>
1.58 avankest 423: 
1.134 avankest 424:  <p>The OPENED state has an associated <dfn id="send-flag"><code>send()</code>
1.185 avankest 425:  flag</dfn> that indicates whether the <code>send()</code> method has been
1.174 avankest 426:  invoked. It can be either "true" or "false" and has an initial value of
 427:  "false".</p>
1.87 avankest 428: 
1.123 avankest 429:  <p>The HEADERS_RECEIVED state is the state of the object when all response
 430:  headers have been received. This state is represented by the
1.131 avankest 431:  <dfn id="headers-received-state" title="HEADERS_RECEIVED state"><code>HEADERS_RECEIVED</code></dfn>
1.123 avankest 432:  constant, whose value is <code>2</code>.</p>
 433: 
 434:  <p>The LOADING state is the state of the object when the response entity body
 435:  is being received. This state is represented by the
1.131 avankest 436:  <dfn id="loading-state" title="LOADING state"><code>LOADING</code></dfn> constant,
1.86 avankest 437:  whose value is <code>3</code>.</p>
1.58 avankest 438: 
1.79 avankest 439:  <p>The DONE state is the state of the object when either the data transfer
1.58 avankest 440:  has been completed or something went wrong during the transfer (infinite
 441:  redirects for instance). This state is represented by the
1.131 avankest 442:  <dfn id="done-state" title="DONE state"><code>DONE</code></dfn> constant,
 443:  whose value is <code>4</code>.</p>
1.90 avankest 444: 
1.124 avankest 445:  <p>The DONE state has an associated <dfn id="error-flag">error flag</dfn>
1.185 avankest 446:  that indicates some type of network error or abortion. It can be either
1.174 avankest 447:  "true" or "false" and has an initial value of "false".</p>
1.124 avankest 448: 
1.88 avankest 449:  <p>The <dfn id="response-entity-body">response entity body</dfn> is the
 450:  fragment of the <span>entity body</span> received so far (LOADING state) or
 451:  the complete entity body (DONE state). If there is no entity body the
 452:  response entity body is "null".</p>
 453: 
 454:  <p>The <dfn id="text-response-entity-body">text response entity body</dfn>
1.169 avankest 455:  is a <code>DOMString</code> representing the <span>response entity
 456:  body</span>. The text response entity body is the return value of the
 457:  following algorithm:</p>
1.90 avankest 458: 
1.88 avankest 459:  <ol>
1.167 avankest 460:  <li><p>If the response entity body is "null" return the empty string and
1.107 avankest 461:  terminate these steps.</p>
1.90 avankest 462: 
1.113 avankest 463:  <li><p>Let <var>charset</var> be "null".</p></li>
1.90 avankest 464: 
 465:  <li><p>If there is no <code>Content-Type</code> header or there is a
 466:  <code>Content-Type</code> header which contains a MIME type that is
1.116 avankest 467:  <code>text/xml</code>, <code>application/xml</code> or ends in
1.167 avankest 468:  <code title="">+xml</code> (ignoring any parameters) use the rules set
 469:  forth in the XML specifications to determine the character encoding. Let
1.116 avankest 470:  <var>charset</var> be the determined character encoding.</p></li>
1.90 avankest 471: 
1.185 avankest 472:  <li><p>If the <code>Content-Type</code> header contains a
1.145 avankest 473:  <code>text/html</code> MIME type follow the rules set forth in the
 474:  HTML&nbsp;5 specification to determine the character encoding. Let
 475:  <var>charset</var> be the determined character encoding.
 476:  [<cite><span>HTML5</span></cite>]</p></li>
1.118 avankest 477: 
1.115 avankest 478:  <li>
1.140 avankest 479:   <p>If the MIME type specified by the <code>Content-Type</code> header
 480:   contains a <code>charset</code> parameter and <var>charset</var> is
 481:   "null" let <var>charset</var> be the value of that parameter.</p>
1.118 avankest 482: 
1.145 avankest 483:   <p class="note">The algorithms described by the XML and HTML
 484:   specifications already take <code>Content-Type</code> into account.</p>
1.115 avankest 485:  </li>
1.118 avankest 486: 
1.111 avankest 487:  <li>
 488:   <!-- This stuff is copied from HTML5. Thanks Hixie! -->
1.113 avankest 489:   <p>If <var>charset</var> is "null" then, for each of the rows in the
1.127 avankest 490:   following table, starting with the first one and going down, if the first
 491:   bytes of <var>bytes</var> match the bytes given in the first column, then
 492:   let <var>charset</var> be the encoding given in the cell in the second
 493:   column of that row. If there is no match <var>charset</var> remains
 494:   "null".</p>
1.117 avankest 495: 
 496:   <table>
 497:   <thead>
 498:    <tr>
1.111 avankest 499:    <th>Bytes in Hexadecimal
 500:    <th>Description
1.188 avankest 501:   <tbody><!-- UTF-32 is dead
1.117 avankest 502:    <tr>
1.111 avankest 503:    <td>00 00 FE FF
1.117 avankest 504:    <td>UTF-32BE BOM
 505:    <tr>
 506:    <td>FF FE 00 00
1.188 avankest 507:    <td>UTF-32LE BOM-->
1.117 avankest 508:    <tr>
 509:    <td>FE FF
 510:    <td>UTF-16BE BOM
 511:    <tr>
 512:    <td>FF FE
 513:    <td>UTF-16LE BOM
 514:    <tr>
 515:    <td>EF BB BF
 516:    <td>UTF-8 BOM<!-- nobody uses this
 517:    <tr>
 518:    <td>DD 73 66 73
 519:    <td>UTF-EBCDIC
 520: -->
 521:   </table>
1.111 avankest 522:  </li>
 523: 
1.113 avankest 524:  <li><p>If <var>charset</var> is "null" let <var>charset</var> be
 525:  UTF-8.</p></li>
 526: 
1.107 avankest 527:  <li><p>Return the result of decoding the response entity body using
1.167 avankest 528:  <var>charset</var>. Replace bytes or sequences of bytes that are not
1.173 avankest 529:  valid according to the <var>charset</var> with a single U+FFFD
1.167 avankest 530:  character.</p></li>
1.88 avankest 531:  </ol>
1.90 avankest 532: 
1.185 avankest 533:  <p class="note">Authors are encouraged to encode their resources using
 534:  UTF-8.</p>
1.163 avankest 535: 
1.88 avankest 536:  <p>The <dfn id="xml-response-entity-body">XML response entity body</dfn> is
1.107 avankest 537:  either a <code>Document</code> representing the <span>response entity
1.126 avankest 538:  body</span> or <code>null</code>. The XML response entity body is the return
 539:  value of the following algorithm:</p>
1.90 avankest 540: 
1.88 avankest 541:  <ol>
1.107 avankest 542:  <li><p>If the response entity body is "null" terminate these steps and
 543:  return <code>null</code>.</p></li>
1.88 avankest 544: 
1.103 avankest 545:  <li><p>If a <code>Content-Type</code> is present and it does not contain a
 546:  MIME type (ignoring any parameters) that is <code>text/xml</code>,
1.116 avankest 547:  <code>application/xml</code> or ends in <code title="">+xml</code> terminate
 548:  these steps and return <code>null</code>. (Do not terminate these steps if
 549:  there is no <code>Content-Type</code> header at all.)</p></li>
1.88 avankest 550: 
1.128 avankest 551:  <li>
 552:   <p>Parse the response entity body into a document tree following the
 553:   rules from the XML specifications. Let the result be <var>parsed
 554:   document</var>. If this fails (unsupported character encoding, namespace
 555:   well-formedness error et cetera) terminate these steps return
 556:   <code>null</code>. [<cite><span>XML</span></cite>]
 557:   [<cite><span>XMLNS</span></cite>]</p>
1.167 avankest 558: 
 559:   <p class="note">Scripts in the resulting document tree will not be
 560:   executed, resources referenced will not be loaded and no associated XSLT
 561:   will be applied.</p>
1.128 avankest 562:  </li>
1.88 avankest 563: 
1.96 avankest 564:  <li><p>Return an object implementing the <code>Document</code>
1.88 avankest 565:  interface representing the <var>parsed document</var>.</p></li>
 566:  </ol>
1.58 avankest 567: 
1.5 avankest 568:  <dl>
1.131 avankest 569:  <dt><dfn id="onreadystatechange"><code>onreadystatechange</code></dfn>
1.39 avankest 570:  of type <code>EventListener</code></dt>
1.12 avankest 571: 
1.157 avankest 572:  <dd><p>This attribute is an <span>event handler DOM attribute</span> and
 573:  <em class="ct">must</em> be invoked whenever a
1.173 avankest 574:  <code>readystatechange</code> event is targeted at the object.</p></dd>
1.12 avankest 575: 
1.131 avankest 576:  <dt><dfn id="readystate"><code>readyState</code></dfn> of type
1.22 avankest 577:  <code>unsigned short</code>, readonly</dt>
1.12 avankest 578: 
1.185 avankest 579:  <dd><p>On getting, the attribute <em class="ct">must</em> return the
 580:  value of the constant corresponding to the object's current
 581:  state.</p></dd>
1.12 avankest 582: 
1.131 avankest 583:  <dt><dfn id="open" title="open"><code>open(<var>method</var>,
1.22 avankest 584:  <var>url</var>, <var>async</var>, <var>user</var>,
 585:  <var>password</var>)</code></dfn>, method</dt>
1.12 avankest 586: 
1.1 avankest 587:  <dd>
1.58 avankest 588:   <p>When invoked, the user agent <em class="ct">must</em> follow the
1.96 avankest 589:   following steps (unless otherwise indicated):</p>
1.58 avankest 590: 
 591:   <ol>
1.156 avankest 592:   <li><p>Let <var>stored method</var> be the <var>method</var>
 593:   argument.</p></li>
1.58 avankest 594: 
1.156 avankest 595:   <li><p>If <var>stored method</var> does not match the
 596:   <dfn><code>Method</code> production</dfn>, defined in section 5.1.1 of
 597:   RFC 2616, raise a <code>SYNTAX_ERR</code> exception and terminate these
 598:   steps. [<cite><span>RFC2616</span></cite>]</p></li>
1.58 avankest 599: 
1.183 avankest 600:   <li>
 601:    <p>If <var>stored method</var>
 602:    <span title="case-insensitive match">case-insensitively matches</span>
 603:    <code>CONNECT</code>, <code>DELETE</code>, <code>GET</code>,
 604:    <code>HEAD</code>, <code>OPTIONS</code>, <code>POST</code>,
 605:    <code>PUT</code>, <code>TRACE</code>, or <code>TRACK</code> let
 606:    <var>stored method</var> be the canonical uppercase form of the
 607:    matched method name.</p>
 608:    
 609:    <p class="note">If it does not match any of the above, it is passed
 610:    through literally, including in the final request.</p>
 611:   </li>
1.156 avankest 612:   <!-- WebKit (and supposedly Firefox) also uppercase: COPY, INDEX, LOCK,
 613:   M-POST, MKCOL, MOVE, PROPFIND, PROPPATCH, and UNLOCK. -->
1.58 avankest 614: 
1.176 avankest 615:   <li>
 616:    <p>If <var>stored method</var> is one of <code>CONNECT</code>,
 617:    <code>TRACE</code>, or <code>TRACK</code> the user agent
 618:    <em class="ct">should</em> raise a <code>SECURITY_ERR</code> exception
 619:    and terminate these steps.</p>
1.189 ! avankest 620: 
1.176 avankest 621:    <p class="note"><code>TRACK</code> poses a security issue to legacy
 622:    server deployments.</p>
 623:   </li>
1.58 avankest 624: 
1.187 avankest 625:   <li><p>If <var>stored url</var> is a relative reference as defined by
1.189 ! avankest 626:   RFC 3987, resolve it using
1.96 avankest 627:   the current value of the <code>baseURI</code> attribute of the
1.157 avankest 628:   <span><code>Document</code> pointer</span>. If this fails raise a
1.187 avankest 629:   <code>SYNTAX_ERR</code> exception and terminate these steps.
 630:   [<cite><span>RFC3987</span></cite>]</p></li>
 631: 
 632:   <li><p>Drop the fragment identifier (if any) from <var>url</var> and
 633:   let <var>stored url</var> be the result of that operation.</p></li>
1.58 avankest 634: 
1.101 avankest 635:   <li><p>If <var>stored url</var> contains an unsupported scheme raise a
 636:   <code>NOT_SUPPORTED_ERR</code> and terminate these steps.</p></li>
1.110 avankest 637: 
1.58 avankest 638:   <li><p>If the <code>"user:password"</code> format in the
1.141 avankest 639:   <code>userinfo</code> production defined in section 3.2.1 of RFC 3986
 640:   is not supported for the relevant scheme and <var>stored url</var>
 641:   contains this format raise a <code>SYNTAX_ERR</code> and terminate
 642:   these steps. [<cite><span>RFC3986</span></cite>]</p></li>
1.58 avankest 643: 
 644:   <li><p>If <var>stored url</var> contains the <code>"user:password"</code>
 645:   format let <var>stored user</var> be the user part and <var>stored
 646:   password</var> be the password part.</p></li>
 647: 
 648:   <li><p>If <var>stored url</var> just contains the <code>"user"</code>
 649:   format let <var>stored user</var> be the user part.</p></li>
 650: 
1.184 avankest 651:   <li><p>If <var>stored url</var> is not of the <span>same origin</span>
1.157 avankest 652:   as the <span>origin</span> of the <span><code>Document</code>
 653:   pointer</span> the user agent <em class="ct">should</em> raise a
 654:   <code>SECURITY_ERR</code> exception and terminate these steps.</p></li>
1.58 avankest 655: 
1.145 avankest 656:   <li><p>Let <var>async</var> be the value of the <var>async</var>
 657:   argument or <code>true</code> if it was omitted.</p></li>
1.58 avankest 658: 
1.126 avankest 659:   <li><p>If the <var>user</var> argument was not omitted, and its syntax
1.145 avankest 660:   does not match that specified by the relevant authentication scheme,
 661:   raise a <code>SYNTAX_ERR</code> exception and terminate these
 662:   steps.</p></li>
1.14 avankest 663: 
1.58 avankest 664:   <li>
 665:    <p>If the <var>user</var> argument was not omitted and is not
1.145 avankest 666:    <code>null</code> let <var>stored user</var> be <var>user</var>
 667:    encoded using the encoding specified in the relevant authentication
 668:    scheme or UTF-8 if the scheme fails to specify an encoding.</p>
1.14 avankest 669: 
1.58 avankest 670:    <p class="note">This step overrides any user that may have been set by
 671:    the <var>url</var> argument.</p>
 672:   </li>
1.16 avankest 673: 
1.58 avankest 674:   <li><p>If the <var>user</var> argument was not omitted and is
 675:   <code>null</code> remove <var>stored user</var>.</p></li>
1.14 avankest 676: 
1.145 avankest 677:   <li><p>If the <var>password</var> argument was not omitted and its
 678:   syntax does not match that specified by the relevant authentication
 679:   scheme raise a <code>SYNTAX_ERR</code> exception and terminate these
 680:   steps.</p></li>
1.58 avankest 681: 
 682:   <li><p>If the <var>password</var> argument was not omitted and is not
 683:   <code>null</code> let <var>stored password</var> be <var>password</var>
 684:   encoded using the encoding specified in the relevant authentication
 685:   scheme or UTF-8 if the scheme fails to specify an encoding.</p></li>
 686: 
 687:   <li><p>If the <var>password</var> argument was not omitted and is
 688:   <code>null</code> remove <var>stored password</var>.</p></li>
 689: 
1.175 avankest 690:   <li>
 691:    <p><span title="abort send()">Abort the <code>send()</code>
 692:    algorithm</span>, set <span>response entity body</span> to "null" and
1.189 ! avankest 693:    empty the list of <span>author request headers</span>.</p>
1.175 avankest 694: 
 695:    <p class="note">This step and the next only has effect if
 696:    <code>send()</code> and/or <code>setRequestHeader()</code> has been
 697:    used.</p>
 698:   </li>
1.58 avankest 699: 
1.108 avankest 700:   <li><p>The user agent <em class="ct">should</em> cancel any network
 701:   activity for which the object is responsible.</p></li>
1.58 avankest 702:   <!-- we can hardly require it... -->
 703: 
1.145 avankest 704:   <li><p>Switch the object to the
 705:   <span title="OPENED state">OPENED</span> state, set the
 706:   <span><code>send()</code> flag</span> to "false" and then synchronously
 707:   dispatch a <code>readystatechange</code> event on the object and return
 708:   the method call.</p></li>
1.58 avankest 709:   </ol>
1.14 avankest 710: 
1.19 avankest 711:   <p class="note">A future version or extension of this specification will
1.33 avankest 712:   most likely define a way of doing cross-site requests.</p>
1.1 avankest 713:  </dd>
1.12 avankest 714: 
1.131 avankest 715:  <dt><dfn id="setrequestheader" title="setrequestheader"><code>setRequestHeader(<var>header</var>,
1.22 avankest 716:  <var>value</var>)</code></dfn>, method</dt>
1.12 avankest 717: 
1.5 avankest 718:  <dd>
1.184 avankest 719:   <p>
 720:   The object has an associated list of <dfn id="author-request-headers">author request headers</dfn>
 721:   consisting of HTTP header name/value pairs. The
 722:   <code>setRequestHeader()</code> method can be used to set new request
 723:   headers and append to request headers already in the list.</p>
 724:   
 725:   <p>As indicated in the algorithm below certain headers cannot be
 726:   set and are left up to the user agent. In addition there are certain
 727:   other headers the user agent will take control of if they are not set by
 728:   the author as indicated at the end of the <code>send()</code> method
 729:   section.</p>
1.163 avankest 730: 
 731:   <p class="note">The <code>setRequestHeader()</code> method appends a
1.189 ! avankest 732:   value if the HTTP header given as argument is already part of the
 ! 733:   <span>author request headers</span> list.</p>
1.45 avankest 734: 
1.58 avankest 735:   <p>When invoked, the user agent <em class="ct">must</em> follow the
1.96 avankest 736:   following steps (unless otherwise indicated):</p>
1.14 avankest 737: 
1.58 avankest 738:   <ol>
 739:   <li><p>If the state of the object is not
1.134 avankest 740:   <span title="OPENED state">OPENED</span> raise an
1.98 avankest 741:   <code>INVALID_STATE_ERR</code> exception and terminate these
 742:   steps.</p></li>
1.96 avankest 743: 
 744:   <li><p>If the <span><code>send()</code> flag</span> is "true" raise an
1.98 avankest 745:   <code>INVALID_STATE_ERR</code> exception and terminate these
 746:   steps.</p></li>
1.14 avankest 747: 
1.97 avankest 748:   <li><p>If the <var>header</var> argument does not match the
1.22 avankest 749:   <dfn><code>field-name</code> production</dfn> as defined by section 4.2
1.181 avankest 750:   of RFC 2616 raise a <code>SYNTAX_ERR</code> exception and terminate
 751:   these steps. [<cite><span>RFC2616</span></cite>]</p></li>
1.79 avankest 752: 
1.178 avankest 753:   <li>
 754:    <p>If the <var>value</var> argument does not match the
 755:    <dfn><code>field-value</code> production</dfn> as defined by section
 756:    4.2 of RFC 2616 raise a <code>SYNTAX_ERR</code> and terminate these
 757:    steps. [<cite><span>RFC2616</span></cite>]</p>
 758: 
1.184 avankest 759:    <p class="note">The empty string is legal and represents the empty
 760:    header value.</p>
1.178 avankest 761:   </li>
1.14 avankest 762: 
1.32 avankest 763:   <li>
1.132 avankest 764:    <p>For security reasons, these steps <em class="ct">should</em> be
1.98 avankest 765:    terminated if the <var>header</var> argument
1.80 avankest 766:    <span title="case-insensitive match">case-insensitively matches</span>
 767:    one of the following headers:</p>
1.58 avankest 768: 
1.32 avankest 769:    <ul>
 770:    <li><code>Accept-Charset</code></li>
 771:    <li><code>Accept-Encoding</code></li>
1.176 avankest 772:    <li><code>Authorization</code></li>
1.68 avankest 773:    <li><code>Connection</code></li>
1.32 avankest 774:    <li><code>Content-Length</code></li>
1.176 avankest 775:    <li><code>Cookie</code></li>
 776:    <li><code>Cookie2</code></li>
1.68 avankest 777:    <li><code>Content-Transfer-Encoding</code></li>
 778:    <li><code>Date</code></li>
1.32 avankest 779:    <li><code>Expect</code></li>
 780:    <li><code>Host</code></li>
 781:    <li><code>Keep-Alive</code></li>
 782:    <li><code>Referer</code></li>
 783:    <li><code>TE</code></li>
 784:    <li><code>Trailer</code></li>
 785:    <li><code>Transfer-Encoding</code></li>
 786:    <li><code>Upgrade</code></li>
1.184 avankest 787:    <li><code>User-Agent</code></li>
1.68 avankest 788:    <li><code>Via</code></li>
1.32 avankest 789:    </ul>
1.189 ! avankest 790: 
1.184 avankest 791:    <p>&hellip; or if the start of the <var>header</var> argument
 792:    <span title="case-insensitive match">case-insensitively matches</span>
 793:    <code>Proxy-</code> or <code>Sec-</code> (including when the argument
 794:    is just <code>Proxy-</code> or <code>Sec-</code>).</p>
 795:    
 796:    <p class="note">The above headers are not allowed to be set as they
 797:    are better controlled by the user agent as it knows best what value
 798:    they should have. Header names starting with <code>Sec-</code> are not
 799:    allowed to be set to allow new headers to be minted in the future that
 800:    are guaranteed not to come from <code>XMLHttpRequest</code>. (Older
 801:    clients would however still be vulnerable as they allow such headers
 802:    to be set.)</p>
1.32 avankest 803:   </li>
1.5 avankest 804: 
1.184 avankest 805:   <li><p>If the <var>header</var> argument is not in the <span>author request
 806:   headers</span> list append the <var>header</var> with its associated <var>value</var>
1.98 avankest 807:   to the list and terminate these steps.</p></li>
1.58 avankest 808: 
1.184 avankest 809:   <li><p>If the <var>header</var> argument is in the <span>author request
 810:   headers</span> list either use multiple headers, combine the values or use a
1.96 avankest 811:   combination of those (section 4.2, RFC 2616).
 812:   [<cite><span>RFC2616</span></cite>]</p></li>
 813:   <!-- XXX it seems UAs always combine the values -->
1.58 avankest 814:   </ol>
1.45 avankest 815: 
 816:   <p class="note">See also the <code>send()</code> method regarding user
1.71 avankest 817:   agent header handling for caching, authentication, proxies, and
 818:   cookies.</p>
1.14 avankest 819: 
 820:   <div class="example">
1.58 avankest 821:   <pre><code>// The following script:
1.14 avankest 822: var client = new XMLHttpRequest();
 823: client.open('GET', 'demo.cgi');
 824: client.setRequestHeader('X-Test', 'one');
 825: client.setRequestHeader('X-Test', 'two');
 826: client.send();
 827: 
 828: // ...would result in the following header being sent:
 829: ...
 830: X-Test: one, two
1.58 avankest 831: ...</code></pre>
1.14 avankest 832:   </div>
1.5 avankest 833:  </dd>
1.12 avankest 834: 
1.131 avankest 835:  <dt><dfn id="send" title="send"><code>send(<var>data</var>)</code></dfn>,
1.22 avankest 836:  method</dt>
1.12 avankest 837: 
1.17 avankest 838:  <dd>
1.58 avankest 839:   <p>The <code>send()</code> method initiates the request and its optional
1.163 avankest 840:   argument provides the <span>entity body</span>.</p>
1.181 avankest 841: 
1.163 avankest 842:   <p class="note">Authors are encouraged to ensure that they have
 843:   specified the <code>Content-Type</code> header via
 844:   <code>setRequestHeader()</code> before invoking <code>send()</code> with
 845:   a non-<code>null</code> <var>data</var> argument.</p>
1.58 avankest 846: 
 847:   <p>When invoked, the user agent <em class="ct">must</em> follow the
1.108 avankest 848:   following steps (unless otherwise noted). Note that this algorithm might
1.126 avankest 849:   get aborted if the <code>open()</code> or <code>abort()</code> method is
 850:   invoked. When the
1.109 avankest 851:   <dfn title="abort send()" id="abort-send-algorithm"><code>send()</code>
1.110 avankest 852:   algorithm is aborted</dfn> the user agent <em class="ct">must</em>
 853:   terminate the algorithm after finishing the step it is on.</p>
 854: 
1.184 avankest 855:   <p class="note">The following algorithm cannot be aborted through
 856:   script when <var>async</var> is <code>false</code>. It can only be
 857:   aborted when <var>async</var> is <code>true</code> and only after the
 858:   method call has returned.</p>
1.58 avankest 859: 
 860:   <ol>
 861:   <li><p>If the state of the object is not
1.134 avankest 862:   <span title="OPENED state">OPENED</span> raise an
1.98 avankest 863:   <code>INVALID_STATE_ERR</code> exception and terminate these
 864:   steps.</p></li>
1.96 avankest 865: 
 866:   <li><p>If the <span><code>send()</code> flag</span> is "true" raise an
1.98 avankest 867:   <code>INVALID_STATE_ERR</code> exception and terminate these
 868:   steps.</p></li>
1.58 avankest 869: 
1.102 avankest 870:   <li><p>If <var>async</var> is <code>true</code> set the
1.103 avankest 871:   <span><code>send()</code> flag</span> to "true".</p></li>
 872: 
1.58 avankest 873:   <li>
1.183 avankest 874:    <p>If <var>stored method</var> is <code>GET</code> or
 875:    <code>HEAD</code> act as if the
1.166 avankest 876:    <var>data</var> argument is <code>null</code>.</p>
1.181 avankest 877: 
1.58 avankest 878:    <p>If the <var>data</var> argument has not been omitted and is not
1.145 avankest 879:    <code>null</code> use it for the <dfn id="entity-body">entity
 880:    body</dfn> as defined by section 7.2 of RFC 2616 observing the
 881:    following rules: [<cite><span>RFC2616</span></cite>]</p>
1.58 avankest 882: 
1.119 avankest 883:    <dl class="switch">
1.58 avankest 884:    <dt><var>data</var> is a <code>DOMString</code></dt>
 885: 
1.163 avankest 886:    <dd>
 887:     <p>Encode <var>data</var> using UTF-8 for transmission.</p>
 888: 
1.164 avankest 889:     <p>If a <code>Content-Type</code> header is set using
 890:     <code>setRequestHeader()</code> set the <code>charset</code>
 891:     parameter of that header to <code>UTF-8</code>.</p>
1.163 avankest 892:    </dd>
1.58 avankest 893: 
 894:    <dt><var>data</var> is a <code>Document</code>
 895: 
 896:    <dd>
1.181 avankest 897:     <p>Let <var>data</var> be <code><var>data</var>.innerHTML</code> as
1.182 avankest 898:     defined by section 2.5 of HTML&nbsp;5. Encode it using
1.183 avankest 899:     <code><var>data</var>.inputEncoding</code> or UTF-8 if
 900:     <code><var>data</var>.inputEncoding</code> is
1.181 avankest 901:     <code>null</code>. Re-raise any exceptions the
 902:     <code><var>data</var>.innerHTML</code> getter algorithm raises.
 903:     [<cite><span>HTML5</span></cite>]</p>
1.183 avankest 904: 
1.181 avankest 905:     <p class="note">If the document cannot be serialized the
 906:     <code>document.innerHTML</code> algorithm raises an
 907:     <code>INVALID_STATE_ERR</code> exception.</p>
1.183 avankest 908: 
1.165 avankest 909:     <p>If no <code>Content-Type</code> header has been set using
1.175 avankest 910:     <code>setRequestHeader()</code> set a <code>Content-Type</code>
 911:     request header with a value of
1.165 avankest 912:     <code>application/xml;charset=<var>charset</var></code> where
 913:     <var>charset</var> is the encoding used to encode the document.</p>
1.58 avankest 914: 
 915:     <p class="note">Subsequent changes to the <code>Document</code> have
 916:     no effect on what is submitted.</p>
 917:    </dd>
 918: 
 919:    <dt><var>data</var> is not a <code>DOMString</code> or
 920:    <code>Document</code></dt>
 921: 
1.96 avankest 922:    <dd><p>Use the stringification mechanisms of the host language on
 923:    <var>data</var> and treat the result as if <var>data</var> is a
1.166 avankest 924:    <code>DOMString</code>. Or, if this fails, act as if the
 925:    <var>data</var> argument is <code>null</code>.</p></dd>
1.58 avankest 926:    </dl>
 927: 
1.126 avankest 928:    <p>If the <var>data</var> argument has been omitted, or is
 929:    <code>null</code>, no entity body is used in the request.</p>
1.58 avankest 930:   </li>
 931: 
1.71 avankest 932:   <li><p>Make a request to <var>stored url</var>, using HTTP method
 933:   <var>stored method</var>, user <var>stored user</var> (if provided) and
 934:   password <var>stored password</var> (if provided), taking into account
1.184 avankest 935:   the entity body, list of <span>author request headers</span> and the
 936:   rules listed directly after this set of steps.</p></li>
1.60 avankest 937: 
1.67 avankest 938:   <li>
1.96 avankest 939:    <p>Synchronously dispatch a <code>readystatechange</code> event on the
 940:    object.</p>
1.67 avankest 941: 
1.96 avankest 942:    <p class="note">The state of the object does not change. The event is
 943:    dispatched for historical reasons.</p>
1.67 avankest 944:   </li>
 945: 
1.102 avankest 946:   <li><p>If <var>async</var> is <code>true</code> return the
1.98 avankest 947:   <code>send()</code> method call. (Do not terminate the steps in the
 948:   algorithm though.)</p></li>
1.58 avankest 949: 
1.117 avankest 950:   <li>
1.175 avankest 951:    <p>While executing the request the following rules are to be
1.123 avankest 952:    observed.</p>
 953: 
1.119 avankest 954:    <dl class="switch">
1.118 avankest 955:    <dt>If the response is an HTTP redirect</dt>
1.167 avankest 956: 
1.118 avankest 957:    <dd>
1.145 avankest 958:     <p>If the redirect does not violate security (it is
1.184 avankest 959:     <span>same origin</span> for instance) or infinite loop precautions
1.145 avankest 960:     and the scheme is supported transparently follow the redirect and go
1.166 avankest 961:     to the start of this step (step 8).</p>
1.145 avankest 962: 
 963:     <p class="note">HTTP places requirements on the user agent regarding
 964:     the preservation of the request method and entity body during
 965:     redirects, and also requires users to be notified of certain kinds
 966:     of automatic redirections.</p>
1.118 avankest 967:     <!-- Arguably HTTP should be fixed for the latter case. No browser
 968:     follows that as far as I know. -->
 969: 
 970:     <p>Otherwise, follow the following set of steps:</p>
1.145 avankest 971: 
1.118 avankest 972:     <ol>
1.124 avankest 973:     <li><p>Set the <span>response entity body</span> to "null", the
1.184 avankest 974:     <span>error flag</span> to "true" and empty the list of
 975:     <span>author request headers</span>.</p></li>
1.118 avankest 976: 
 977:     <li><p>Synchronously switch the state to
 978:     <span title="DONE state">DONE</span>.</p></li>
 979: 
 980:     <li><p>If <var>async</var> is set to <code>false</code> raise a
 981:     <code>NETWORK_ERR</code> exception and terminate the overall
 982:     algorithm.</p></li>
 983: 
 984:     <li><p>Synchronously dispatch a <code>readystatechange</code> event on
 985:     the object.</p></li>
 986: 
 987:     <li><p>Terminate the overall algorithm.</p></li>
 988:     </ol>
 989: 
 990:     <p class="note">It is likely that a future version of the
 991:     <code>XMLHttpRequest</code> object will dispatch an <code>error</code>
 992:     event here as well.</p>
 993:    </dd>
1.117 avankest 994: 
1.121 avankest 995: 
1.118 avankest 996:    <dt>If the user cancels the download</dt>
1.58 avankest 997: 
1.118 avankest 998:    <dd>
 999:     <p>Run the following set of steps:</p>
1.60 avankest 1000: 
1.118 avankest 1001:     <ol>
1.124 avankest 1002:     <li><p>Set the <span>response entity body</span> to "null", the
1.184 avankest 1003:     <span>error flag</span> to "true" and empty the list of
 1004:     <span>author request headers</span>.</p></li>
1.118 avankest 1005: 
 1006:     <li><p>Synchronously switch the state to
 1007:     <span title="DONE state">DONE</span>.</p></li>
 1008: 
1.121 avankest 1009:     <li><p>If <var>async</var> is set to <code>false</code> raise an
 1010:     <code>ABORT_ERR</code> exception and terminate the overall
1.118 avankest 1011:     algorithm.</p></li>
 1012: 
 1013:     <li><p>Synchronously dispatch a <code>readystatechange</code> event on
 1014:     the object.</p></li>
 1015: 
 1016:     <li><p>Terminate the overall algorithm.</p></li>
 1017:     </ol>
1.121 avankest 1018: 
1.118 avankest 1019:     <p class="note">It is likely that a future version of the
1.121 avankest 1020:     <code>XMLHttpRequest</code> object will dispatch an
 1021:     <code title="">abort</code> event here as well.</p>
1.118 avankest 1022:    </dd>
1.60 avankest 1023: 
1.121 avankest 1024: 
1.118 avankest 1025:    <dt>In case of network errors</dt>
1.60 avankest 1026: 
1.118 avankest 1027:    <dd>
1.176 avankest 1028:     <p>In case of DNS errors, timeout, TLS negotiation failure, or other
1.186 avankest 1029:     type of network errors, do not request user interaction and run the
 1030:     following set of steps:</p>
 1031: 
 1032:     <p class="note">This does not include HTTP responses that
 1033:     indicate some type of error, such as HTTP status code 410.</p>
1.118 avankest 1034: 
 1035:     <ol>
1.124 avankest 1036:     <li><p>Set the <span>response entity body</span> to "null", the
1.184 avankest 1037:     <span>error flag</span> to "true" and empty the list of
 1038:     <span>author request headers</span>.</p></li>
1.118 avankest 1039: 
 1040:     <li><p>Synchronously switch the state to
 1041:     <span title="DONE state">DONE</span>.</p></li>
 1042: 
 1043:     <li><p>If <var>async</var> is set to <code>false</code> raise a
 1044:     <code>NETWORK_ERR</code> exception and terminate the overall
 1045:     algorithm.</p></li>
 1046: 
 1047:     <li><p>Synchronously dispatch a <code>readystatechange</code> event on
 1048:     the object.</p></li>
 1049: 
 1050:     <li><p>Terminate the overall algorithm.</p></li>
 1051:     </ol>
 1052: 
 1053:     <p class="note">It is likely that a future version of the
 1054:     <code>XMLHttpRequest</code> object will dispatch an <code>error</code>
 1055:     event here as well.</p>
 1056:    </dd>
 1057:    
 1058:    <dt>Once all HTTP headers have been received</dt>
 1059:    
 1060:    <dd>
 1061:     <p>If all HTTP headers have been received, before receiving the message
1.123 avankest 1062:     body (if any), run the following steps:</p>
1.60 avankest 1063: 
1.118 avankest 1064:     <ol>
 1065:     <li><p>Synchronously switch the state to
1.123 avankest 1066:     <span title="HEADERS_RECEIVED state">HEADERS_RECEIVED</span>.</p></li>
1.118 avankest 1067: 
 1068:     <li><p>Synchronously dispatch a <code>readystatechange</code> event on
 1069:     the object.</p></li>
1.123 avankest 1070:     </ol>
 1071:    </dd>
 1072:    
 1073:    <dt>Once the first byte (or more) of the response entity body has been
 1074:    received</dt>
 1075:    <dt>If there is no response entity body</dt>
1.153 avankest 1076: 
1.123 avankest 1077:    <dd>
 1078:     <ol>
1.118 avankest 1079:     <li><p>Synchronously switch the state to
 1080:     <span title="LOADING state">LOADING</span>.</p></li>
 1081: 
 1082:     <li><p>Synchronously dispatch a <code>readystatechange</code> event on
 1083:     the object.</p></li>
 1084:     </ol>
 1085:    </dd>
 1086:    </dl>
1.153 avankest 1087: 
1.124 avankest 1088:    <p>Finally, once the complete resource has been downloaded go to the next
1.118 avankest 1089:    step.</p>
1.58 avankest 1090:   </li>
 1091: 
1.82 avankest 1092:   <li><p>When the request has successfully completed loading, synchronously
1.96 avankest 1093:   switch the state to <span title="DONE state">DONE</span> and then
 1094:   synchronously dispatch a <code>readystatechange</code> event on the
 1095:   object and return the method call in case of <var>async</var> being
 1096:   <code>false</code>.</p></li>
1.58 avankest 1097:   </ol>
1.14 avankest 1098: 
1.91 avankest 1099:   <p>If the user agent allows the user to configure a proxy it
1.22 avankest 1100:   <em class="ct">should</em> modify the request appropriately;
1.42 avankest 1101:   <abbr title="in other words">i.e.</abbr>, connect to the proxy host
 1102:   instead of the origin server, modify the <code>Request-Line</code> and
 1103:   send <code>Proxy-Authorization</code> headers as specified.</p>
1.12 avankest 1104: 
1.42 avankest 1105:   <p>If the user agent supports HTTP Authentication it
1.184 avankest 1106:   <em class="ct">should</em> consider requests originating from this
 1107:   object to be part of the protection space that includes the accessed
 1108:   URIs and send <code>Authorization</code> headers and handle <code>401
 1109:   Unauthorized</code> requests appropriately. If authentication fails,
1.185 avankest 1110:   and <var>stored user</var> and <var>stored password</var> are not
 1111:   provided, user agents <em class="ct">should</em> prompt the users for
 1112:   credentials.
1.42 avankest 1113:   [<cite><span>RFC2617</span></cite>]</p>
 1114: 
1.185 avankest 1115:   <p class="note">Users are not prompted if credentials are provided
 1116:   through the <code>open()</code> API so that authors can implement their
 1117:   own user interface.</p>
 1118: 
1.57 avankest 1119:   <p>If the user agent supports HTTP State Management it
1.42 avankest 1120:   <em class="ct">should</em> persist, discard and send cookies (as received
 1121:   in the <code>Set-Cookie</code> and <code>Set-Cookie2</code> response
 1122:   headers, and sent in the <code>Cookie</code> header) as applicable.
1.178 avankest 1123:   [<cite><span>RFC2109</span></cite>]
1.42 avankest 1124:   [<cite><span>RFC2965</span></cite>]</p>
 1125: 
1.178 avankest 1126:   <!-- These specs do not match reality. -->
1.163 avankest 1127: 
1.42 avankest 1128:   <p>If the user agent implements a HTTP cache it <em class="ct">should</em>
1.184 avankest 1129:   respect <code>Cache-Control</code> request headers set by
 1130:   <code>setRequestHeader()</code> (e.g., <code>Cache-Control: no-cache</code>
 1131:   bypasses the cache). It <em class="ct">must not</em> send
1.42 avankest 1132:   <code>Cache-Control</code> or <code>Pragma</code> request headers
1.137 avankest 1133:   automatically unless the user explicitly requests such behavior
1.179 avankest 1134:   (<abbr>e.g.</abbr>, by (force-)reloading the page).</p>
1.184 avankest 1135: 
1.179 avankest 1136:   <p>For <code>304 Not Modified</code> responses that are a result of a
 1137:   user agent generated conditional request the user agent
 1138:   <em class="ct">must</em> act as if the server gave a <code>200
 1139:   OK</code> response with the appropriate content. The user agent
1.184 avankest 1140:   <em class="ct">must</em> allow <code>setRequestHeader()</code> to
 1141:   override automatic cache validation by setting request headers (e.g.,
 1142:   <code>If-None-Match</code>, <code>If-Modified-Since</code>), in which
 1143:   case <code>304 Not Modified</code> responses <em class="ct">must</em> be
 1144:   passed through. [<cite><span>RFC2616</span></cite>]</p>
1.12 avankest 1145: 
1.8 avankest 1146:   <p>If the user agent implements server-driven content-negotiation
1.161 avankest 1147:   it <em class="ct">should</em> set <code>Accept-Encoding</code> and
1.174 avankest 1148:   <code>Accept-Charset</code> headers as appropriate.
 1149:   Unless set through <code>setRequestHeader()</code> user agents
 1150:   <em class="ct">should</em> set the <code>Accept</code> and
1.180 avankest 1151:   <code>Accept-Language</code> headers as well. If <code>Accept</code> is
 1152:   set by the user agent it <em class="ct">must</em> have the value
 1153:   <code>*/*</code>. Responses <em class="ct">must</em> have the
 1154:   content-encodings automatically decoded.
 1155:   [<cite><span>RFC2616</span></cite>]</p>
1.184 avankest 1156:   
1.185 avankest 1157:   <p>Besides the <span>author request headers</span> user agents
 1158:   <em class="ct">should not</em> include additional request headers other
 1159:   than those mentioned above or other than those authors are not allowed
 1160:   to set using <code>setRequestHeader()</code>. This ensures that authors
 1161:   have a reasonably predictable API.</p>
1.8 avankest 1162:  </dd>
1.12 avankest 1163: 
1.131 avankest 1164:  <dt><dfn id="abort"><code>abort()</code></dfn>, method</dt>
1.12 avankest 1165: 
1.5 avankest 1166:  <dd>
1.60 avankest 1167:   <p>When invoked, the user agent <em class="ct">must</em> run the following
1.96 avankest 1168:   steps (unless otherwise noted):</p>
1.60 avankest 1169: 
 1170:   <ol>
1.108 avankest 1171:   <li><p><span title="abort send()">Abort the <code>send()</code>
 1172:   algorithm</span>, set the <span>response entity body</span> to "null",
1.135 avankest 1173:   the <span>error flag</span> to "true" and remove any registered request
 1174:   headers.</p></li>
1.60 avankest 1175: 
1.108 avankest 1176:   <li><p>The user agent <em class="ct">should</em> cancel any network
 1177:   activity for which the object is responsible.</p></li>
1.60 avankest 1178: 
1.83 avankest 1179:   <li>
1.85 avankest 1180:    <p>If the state is <span title="UNSENT state">UNSENT</span>,
1.134 avankest 1181:    <span title="OPENED state">OPENED</span> and the <span><code>send()</code>
1.87 avankest 1182:    flag</span> is "false", or <span title="DONE state">DONE</span> go to
 1183:    the next step.</p>
1.85 avankest 1184: 
1.135 avankest 1185:    <p>Otherwise, switch the state to
 1186:    <span title="DONE state">DONE</span>, set the
 1187:    <span><code>send()</code> flag</span> to "false" and synchronously
 1188:    dispatch a <code>readystatechange</code> event on the object.</p>
1.83 avankest 1189:   </li>
1.67 avankest 1190: 
1.60 avankest 1191:   <li>
1.97 avankest 1192:    <p>Switch the state to <span title="UNSENT state">UNSENT</span>. (Do not
1.71 avankest 1193:    dispatch the <code>readystatechange</code> event.)</p>
1.60 avankest 1194: 
1.82 avankest 1195:    <p class="note">It is likely that a future version of the
 1196:    <code>XMLHttpRequest</code> object will dispatch an
 1197:    <code title="">abort</code> event here as well.</p>
1.60 avankest 1198:   </li>
 1199:   </ol>
1.5 avankest 1200:  </dd>
1.12 avankest 1201: 
1.131 avankest 1202:  <dt><dfn id="getallresponseheaders"><code>getAllResponseHeaders()</code></dfn>,
1.22 avankest 1203:  method</dt>
1.12 avankest 1204: 
1.5 avankest 1205:  <dd>
1.60 avankest 1206:   <p>When invoked, the user agent <em class="ct">must</em> run
1.58 avankest 1207:   the following steps:</p>
 1208: 
 1209:   <ol>
1.124 avankest 1210:   <li><p>If the state is <span title="UNSENT state">UNSENT</span> or
1.134 avankest 1211:   <span title="OPENED state">OPENED</span> raise an
1.98 avankest 1212:   <code>INVALID_STATE_ERR</code> exception and terminate these
 1213:   steps.</p></li>
1.170 avankest 1214: 
 1215:   <li><p>If the <span>error flag</span> is "true" return the empty string
1.124 avankest 1216:   and terminate these steps.</p></li>
1.96 avankest 1217: 
1.167 avankest 1218:   <li><p>Return all the HTTP headers, as a single string, with each
 1219:   header line separated by a U+000D (CR) U+000A (LF) pair excluding the
 1220:   status line.</p></li>
1.58 avankest 1221:   </ol>
1.24 avankest 1222: 
1.5 avankest 1223:   <div class="example">
1.58 avankest 1224:   <pre><code>// The following script:
1.5 avankest 1225: var client = new XMLHttpRequest();
1.14 avankest 1226: client.open("GET", "test.txt", true);
1.5 avankest 1227: client.send();
1.12 avankest 1228: client.onreadystatechange = function() {
1.179 avankest 1229: if(this.readyState == 2) {
1.12 avankest 1230:  print(this.getAllResponseHeaders());
 1231: }
 1232: }
1.5 avankest 1233: 
 1234: // ...should output something similar to the following text:
 1235: Date: 2004年10月24日 04:58:38 GMT
 1236: Server: Apache/1.3.31 (Unix)
 1237: Keep-Alive: timeout=15, max=99
 1238: Connection: Keep-Alive
 1239: Transfer-Encoding: chunked
1.58 avankest 1240: Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8</code></pre>
1.5 avankest 1241:   </div>
 1242:  </dd>
1.12 avankest 1243: 
1.131 avankest 1244:  <dt><dfn id="getresponseheader" title="getresponseheader"><code>getResponseHeader(<var>header</var>)</code></dfn>,
1.22 avankest 1245:  method</dt>
1.12 avankest 1246: 
1.1 avankest 1247:  <dd>
1.58 avankest 1248:   <p>When the method is invoked, the user agent <em class="ct">must</em> run
 1249:   the following steps:</p>
1.14 avankest 1250: 
1.58 avankest 1251:   <ol>
1.124 avankest 1252:   <li><p>If the state is <span title="UNSENT state">UNSENT</span> or
1.134 avankest 1253:   <span title="OPENED state">OPENED</span> raise an
1.98 avankest 1254:   <code>INVALID_STATE_ERR</code> exception and terminate these
 1255:   steps.</p></li>
1.58 avankest 1256: 
1.149 avankest 1257:   <li><p>If the <var>header</var> argument does not match the
1.171 avankest 1258:   <span><code>field-name</code> production</span> return
 1259:   <code>null</code> and terminate these steps.</p></li>
1.124 avankest 1260: 
1.149 avankest 1261:   <li><p>If the <span>error flag</span> is "true" return
 1262:   <code>null</code> and terminate these steps.</p></li>
1.58 avankest 1263: 
1.80 avankest 1264:   <li><p>If the <var>header</var> argument
 1265:   <span title="case-insensitive match">case-insensitively matches</span>
1.127 avankest 1266:   multiple HTTP headers for the last request sent, return the values of
1.149 avankest 1267:   these headers as a single concatenated string separated from each
1.167 avankest 1268:   other by an U+002C followed by an U+0020 character and terminate
1.149 avankest 1269:   these steps.</p></li>
1.58 avankest 1270: 
1.80 avankest 1271:   <li><p>If the <var>header</var> argument
1.149 avankest 1272:   <span title="case-insensitive match">case-insensitively matches</span>
 1273:   a single HTTP header for the last request sent return the value of
 1274:   that header and terminate these steps.</p></li>
1.58 avankest 1275: 
1.96 avankest 1276:   <li><p>Return <code>null</code>.</p></li>
1.58 avankest 1277:   </ol>
1.12 avankest 1278: 
1.1 avankest 1279:   <div class="example">
1.58 avankest 1280:   <pre><code>// The following script:
1.1 avankest 1281: var client = new XMLHttpRequest();
1.14 avankest 1282: client.open("GET", "test.txt", true);
1.5 avankest 1283: client.send();
1.12 avankest 1284: client.onreadystatechange = function() {
1.179 avankest 1285: if(this.readyState == 2) {
1.14 avankest 1286:  print(client.getResponseHeader("Content-Type"));
1.12 avankest 1287: }
 1288: }
1.1 avankest 1289: 
1.5 avankest 1290: // ...should output something similar to the following text:
1.163 avankest 1291: text/plain; charset=utf-8</code></pre>
1.1 avankest 1292:   </div>
1.5 avankest 1293:  </dd>
1.12 avankest 1294: 
1.131 avankest 1295:  <dt><dfn id="responsetext"><code>responseText</code></dfn> of type
1.22 avankest 1296:  <code>DOMString</code>, readonly</dt>
1.12 avankest 1297: 
1.5 avankest 1298:  <dd>
1.88 avankest 1299:   <p>On getting, the user agent <em class="ct">must</em> run the following
 1300:   steps:</p>
 1301: 
 1302:   <ol>
1.169 avankest 1303:   <li><p>If the state is not <span title="LOADING state">LOADING</span>
 1304:   or <span title="DONE state">DONE</span> return the empty string and
 1305:   terminate these steps.</p></li>
1.12 avankest 1306: 
1.88 avankest 1307:   <li><p>Return the <span>text response entity body</span>.</p></li>
 1308:   </ol>
1.5 avankest 1309:  </dd>
1.12 avankest 1310: 
1.131 avankest 1311:  <dt><dfn id="responsexml"><code>responseXML</code></dfn> of type
1.22 avankest 1312:  <code>Document</code>, readonly</dt>
1.12 avankest 1313: 
1.8 avankest 1314:  <dd>
1.75 avankest 1315:   <p>On getting, the user agent <em class="ct">must</em> run the following
 1316:   steps:</p>
1.79 avankest 1317: 
1.75 avankest 1318:   <ol>
1.169 avankest 1319:   <li><p>If the state is not <span title="DONE state">DONE</span> return
 1320:   <code>null</code> and terminate these steps.</p></li>
1.75 avankest 1321: 
1.88 avankest 1322:   <li><p>Return the <span>XML response entity body</span>.</p></li>
1.75 avankest 1323:   </ol>
1.5 avankest 1324:  </dd>
1.12 avankest 1325: 
1.131 avankest 1326:  <dt><dfn id="status"><code>status</code></dfn> of type <code>unsigned
1.22 avankest 1327:  short</code>, readonly</dt>
1.12 avankest 1328: 
1.5 avankest 1329:  <dd>
1.72 avankest 1330:   <p>On getting, if available, it <em class="ct">must</em> return the HTTP
 1331:   status code sent by the server (typically <code>200</code> for a
 1332:   successful request). Otherwise, if not available, the user agent
 1333:   <em class="ct">must</em> raise an <code>INVALID_STATE_ERR</code>
 1334:   exception.</p>
1.12 avankest 1335:  </dd>
 1336: 
1.131 avankest 1337:  <dt><dfn id="statustext"><code>statusText</code></dfn> of type
1.22 avankest 1338:  <code>DOMString</code>, readonly</dt>
1.12 avankest 1339: 
1.5 avankest 1340:  <dd>
1.72 avankest 1341:   <p>On getting, if available, it <em class="ct">must</em> return the HTTP
 1342:   status text sent by the server (appears after the status code). Otherwise,
1.179 avankest 1343:   if not available (request is not initiated for instance), the user
 1344:   agent <em class="ct">must</em> raise an <code>INVALID_STATE_ERR</code>
 1345:   exception.</p>
1.1 avankest 1346:  </dd>
 1347:  </dl>
1.12 avankest 1348: 
1.121 avankest 1349: 
1.31 avankest 1350:  <h3 id="events">Events for the <code title="">XMLHttpRequest</code>
 1351:  Object</h3>
1.12 avankest 1352: 
1.134 avankest 1353:  <p>This section describes the various events that can be dispatched on
 1354:  objects implementing the <code>XMLHttpRequest</code> interface. For this
1.22 avankest 1355:  version of the specification only one event is defined.</p>
1.12 avankest 1356: 
1.1 avankest 1357:  <dl>
1.131 avankest 1358:  <dt><dfn id="readystatechange"><code>readystatechange</code></dfn></dt>
1.24 avankest 1359: 
1.72 avankest 1360:  <dd>When the user agent dispatches a <code title="">readystatechange</code>
 1361:  event (as indicated above) it <em class="ct">must not</em> bubble,
 1362:  <em class="ct">must not</em> be cancelable and <em class="ct">must</em>
 1363:  implement the <code>Event</code> interface. Its <code>namespaceURI</code>
 1364:  attribute <em class="ct">must</em> be <code>null</code>.
1.155 avankest 1365:  [<cite><span>DOM2Events</span></cite>]</dd>
1.1 avankest 1366:  </dl>
1.32 avankest 1367: 
1.31 avankest 1368:  <h3 id="exceptions">Exceptions for the <code title="">XMLHttpRequest</code>
 1369:  Object</h3>
1.138 avankest 1370:  
 1371:  <p>Several algorithms in this specification may result in an exception
 1372:  being thrown. These exceptions are all part of the group
1.185 avankest 1373:  <code>ExceptionCode</code> and use the <code>DOMException</code> object,
1.138 avankest 1374:  which is defined in DOM Level 3 Core. In addition this specification
 1375:  extends the <code>ExceptionCode</code> group with several new
 1376:  constants as indicated below. [<cite><span>DOM3Core</span></cite>]</p>
1.31 avankest 1377: 
1.138 avankest 1378:  <pre class="idl">const unsigned short <span>SECURITY_ERR</span> = 18;
1.121 avankest 1379: const unsigned short <span>NETWORK_ERR</span> = 101;
 1380: const unsigned short <span>ABORT_ERR</span> = 102;</pre>
1.31 avankest 1381: 
1.138 avankest 1382:  <p>The <dfn id="security-err"><code>SECURITY_ERR</code></dfn> exception is
 1383:  raised if an attempt is made to perform an operation or access some data
 1384:  in a way that would be a security risk or a violation of the user agent's
 1385:  security policy.</p>
 1386: 
 1387:  <!-- http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/public-webapi/2006May/0027.html -->
 1388: 
 1389:  <p class="note">The <code title="">SECURITY_ERR</code> exception is
 1390:  expected to be eventually folded into an update of the the DOM Level 3
 1391:  Core specification with an equivalent definition and identical constant
 1392:  value. Until that happens it is defined here to guide implementors. (This
1.153 avankest 1393:  is also the reason the constant value is not in line with the other
1.138 avankest 1394:  exceptions.)</p>
 1395: 
1.33 avankest 1396:  <p>The <dfn id="network-err"><code>NETWORK_ERR</code></dfn> exception is
1.138 avankest 1397:  raised when a network error occurs in synchronous requests.</p>
1.121 avankest 1398: 
1.138 avankest 1399:  <p>The <dfn id="abort-err"><code>ABORT_ERR</code></dfn> exception is
 1400:  raised when the user aborts a request in synchronous requests.</p>
1.121 avankest 1401: 
 1402: 
1.29 avankest 1403:  <h2 class="no-num" id="notcovered">Not in this Specification</h2>
 1404: 
1.143 avankest 1405:  <p><em>This section is non-normative.</em></p>
1.29 avankest 1406: 
1.72 avankest 1407:  <p>This specification does not include the following features which are
 1408:  being considered for a future version of this specification:</p>
1.29 avankest 1409: 
 1410:  <ul>
 1411:  <li><code>load</code> event and <code>onload</code> attribute;</li>
 1412:  <li><code>error</code> event and <code>onerror</code> attribute;</li>
 1413:  <li><code>progress</code> event and <code>onprogress</code> attribute;</li>
 1414:  <li><code title="">abort</code> event and <code>onabort</code> attribute;</li>
 1415:  <li>Timers have been suggested, perhaps an <code>ontimeout</code>
 1416:   attribute;</li>
 1417:  <li>Property to disable following redirects;</li>
1.30 avankest 1418:  <li><code title="">responseXML</code> for <code>text/html</code>
 1419:  documents;</li>
1.40 avankest 1420:  <li>Cross-site <code title="">XMLHttpRequest</code>;</li>
1.87 avankest 1421:  <li><code>responseBody</code> to deal with byte streams;</li>
1.114 avankest 1422:  <li><code>overrideMimeType</code> to fix up MIME types;</li>
1.87 avankest 1423:  <li><code>getRequestHeader()</code> and
 1424:  <code>removeRequestHeader()</code>.</li>
1.29 avankest 1425:  </ul>
 1426: 
1.1 avankest 1427:  <h2 class="no-num" id="bibref">References</h2>
1.177 avankest 1428:  
 1429:  <p>Unless marked "Non-normative" these references are normative.</p>
1.11 avankest 1430: 
1.6 avankest 1431:  <dl>
1.155 avankest 1432:  <dt>[<dfn id="ref-dom2events">DOM2Events</dfn>]</dt>
 1433:  <dd><cite><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/DOM-Level-2-Events/">Document
1.160 avankest 1434:  Object Model (DOM) Level 2 Events Specification</a></cite>, T. Pixley,
 1435:  editor. W3C, November 2000.</dd>
1.155 avankest 1436: 
1.145 avankest 1437:  <dt>[<dfn id="ref-dom3core">DOM3Core</dfn>]</dt>
1.11 avankest 1438:  <dd><cite><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/DOM-Level-3-Core">Document Object
1.92 avankest 1439:  Model (DOM) Level 3 Core Specification</a></cite>, A. Le Hors, P. Le
1.139 avankest 1440:  H&eacute;garet, L. Wood, G. Nicol, J. Robie, M. Champion, S. Byrne,
 1441:  editors. W3C, April 2004.</dd>
1.11 avankest 1442: 
1.117 avankest 1443:  <dt>[<dfn id="ref-ecmascript">ECMAScript</dfn>]</dt>
1.92 avankest 1444:  <dd><cite><a href="http://www.ecma-international.org/publications/standards/Ecma-262.htm">ECMAScript
 1445:  Language Specification</a></cite>, Third Edition. ECMA, December 1999.</dd>
1.171 avankest 1446: 
1.145 avankest 1447:  <dt>[<dfn id="ref-html5">HTML5</dfn>]</dt>
1.171 avankest 1448:  <dd><cite><a href="http://www.w3.org/html/wg/html5/">HTML&nbsp;5</a></cite>
 1449:  (work in progress), I. Hickson, D. Hyatt, editors. W3C, 2008.</dd>
1.142 avankest 1450:  <dd><cite><a href="http://www.whatwg.org/specs/web-apps/current-work/">HTML&nbsp;5</a></cite>
1.171 avankest 1451:  (work in progress), I. Hickson, editor. WHATWG, 2008.</dd>
1.177 avankest 1452:  
 1453:  <dt>[<dfn id="ref-httponly">HTTPONLY</dfn>]</dt>
 1454:  <dd>(Non-normative) <cite><a href="http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms533046.aspx">Mitigating
 1455:  Cross-site Scripting With HTTP-only Cookies</a></cite>, MSDN.</dd>
1.14 avankest 1456: 
1.178 avankest 1457:  <dt>[<dfn id="ref-rfc2109">RFC2109</dfn>]</dt>
 1458: 
 1459:  <dd><cite><a href="http://ietf.org/rfc/rfc2109">HTTP State Management
 1460:  Mechanism</a></cite>, D. Kristol, L. Montulli, editors. IETF, February
 1461:  1997.</dd>
 1462: 
1.145 avankest 1463:  <dt>[<dfn id="ref-rfc2119">RFC2119</dfn>]</dt>
1.117 avankest 1464:  <dd><cite><a href="http://ietf.org/rfc/rfc2119">Key words for use in RFCs to
 1465:  Indicate Requirement Levels</a></cite>, S. Bradner. IETF, March 1997.</dd>
1.12 avankest 1466: 
1.145 avankest 1467:  <dt>[<dfn id="ref-rfc2616">RFC2616</dfn>]</dt>
1.11 avankest 1468:  <dd><cite><a href="http://ietf.org/rfc/rfc2616">Hypertext Transfer Protocol
1.92 avankest 1469:  -- HTTP/1.1</a></cite>, R. Fielding, J. Gettys, J. Mogul, H. Frystyk, L.
 1470:  Masinter, P. Leach, T. Berners-Lee, editors. IETF, June 1999.</dd>
1.12 avankest 1471: 
1.37 avankest 1472:  <dt>[<dfn id="ref-rfc2617">RFC2617</dfn>]</dt>
1.11 avankest 1473:  <dd><cite><a href="http://ietf.org/rfc/rfc2617">HTTP Authentication: Basic
1.92 avankest 1474:  and Digest Access Authentication</a></cite>, P. Hallam-Baker, J.
 1475:  Hostetler, S. Lawrence, P. Leach, A. Luotonen, L. Stewart, editors. IETF,
 1476:  June 1999.</dd>
1.12 avankest 1477: 
1.37 avankest 1478:  <dt>[<dfn id="ref-rfc2965">RFC2965</dfn>]</dt>
1.19 avankest 1479:  <dd><cite><a href="http://ietf.org/rfc/rfc2965">HTTP State Management
1.92 avankest 1480:  Mechanism</a></cite>, D. Kristol, L. Montulli, editors. IETF, October
 1481:  2000.</dd>
1.19 avankest 1482: 
1.37 avankest 1483:  <dt>[<dfn id="ref-rfc3986">RFC3986</dfn>]</dt>
1.11 avankest 1484:  <dd><cite><a href="http://ietf.org/rfc/rfc3986">Uniform Resource Identifier
1.92 avankest 1485:  (URI): Generic Syntax</a></cite>, T. Berners-Lee, R. Fielding, L. Masinter,
 1486:  editors. IETF, January 2005.</dd>
1.184 avankest 1487: 
 1488:  <dt>[<dfn id=ref-rfc3987>RFC3987</dfn>]</dt>
1.141 avankest 1489:  <dd><cite><a href="http://ietf.org/rfc/rfc3987">Internationalized
 1490:  Resource Identifiers (IRIs)</a></cite>, M. Duerst, M. Suignard, editors.
1.189 ! avankest 1491:  IETF, January 2005.</dd>
1.28 avankest 1492: 
1.181 avankest 1493:  <dt>[<dfn id="ref-webidl">Web IDL</dfn>]</dt>
 1494:  <dd><cite><a href="http://dev.w3.org/2006/webapi/Binding4DOM/">Web
 1495:  IDL</a></cite> (editor's draft), C. McCormack, editor. W3C, 2008.</dd>
 1496: 
1.92 avankest 1497:  <dt>[<dfn id="ref-xml">XML</dfn>]</dt>
 1498:  <dd><cite><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xml/">Extensible Markup Language
 1499:  (XML) 1.0 (Fourth Edition)</a></cite>, T. Bray, J. Paoli, C.
1.117 avankest 1500:  Sperberg-McQueen, E. Maler, F. Yergeau, editors. W3C, September 2006.</dd>
1.41 avankest 1501: 
1.92 avankest 1502:  <dt>[<dfn id="ref-xmlns">XMLNS</dfn>]</dt>
 1503:  <dd><cite><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xml-names/">Namespaces in XML
1.117 avankest 1504:  (Second Edition)</a></cite>, T. Bray, D. Hollander, A. Layman, R. Tobin,
 1505:  editors. W3C, August 2006.</dd>
1.1 avankest 1506:  </dl>
1.11 avankest 1507: 
1.130 avankest 1508:  <h2 class="no-num" id="acknowledgments">Acknowledgments</h2>
1.11 avankest 1509: 
1.159 avankest 1510:  <p>The editor would like to thank
1.12 avankest 1511: 
1.163 avankest 1512:  Addison Phillips,
1.159 avankest 1513:  Ahmed Kamel,
 1514:  Alex Hopmann,
 1515:  Alex Vincent,
 1516:  Alexey Proskuryakov,
 1517:  Asbj&oslash;rn Ulsberg,
 1518:  Boris Zbarsky,
 1519:  Bj&ouml;rn H&ouml;hrmann,
 1520:  Cameron McCormack,
 1521:  Christophe Jolif,
 1522:  Charles McCathieNevile,
 1523:  Dan Winship,
 1524:  David H&aring;s&auml;ther,
 1525:  Dean Jackson,
 1526:  Denis Sureau,
 1527:  Doug Schepers,
 1528:  Douglas Livingstone,
 1529:  Elliotte Harold,
 1530:  Eric Lawrence,
1.163 avankest 1531:  Geoffrey Sneddon,
1.159 avankest 1532:  Gideon Cohn,
 1533:  Gorm Haug Eriksen,
 1534:  Hallvord R. M. Steen,
 1535:  H&aring;kon Wium Lie,
 1536:  Ian Davis,
 1537:  Ian Hickson,
 1538:  Ivan Herman,
 1539:  Jeff Walden,
 1540:  Jens Lindstr&ouml;m,
 1541:  Jim Deegan,
 1542:  Jim Ley,
 1543:  Joe Farro,
 1544:  Jonas Sicking,
 1545:  Julian Reschke,
 1546:  Karl Dubost,
1.175 avankest 1547:  Lachlan Hunt,
1.159 avankest 1548:  Maciej Stachowiak,
 1549:  Magnus Kristiansen,
 1550:  Marc Hadley,
 1551:  Marcos Caceres,
 1552:  Mark Baker,
 1553:  Mark Nottingham,
 1554:  Mohamed Zergaoui,
 1555:  Pawel Glowacki,
 1556:  Robin Berjon,
 1557:  Ruud Steltenpool,
 1558:  Simon Pieters,
 1559:  Stewart Brodie,
 1560:  Sunava Dutta,
1.186 avankest 1561:  Thomas Roessler,
1.159 avankest 1562:  Tom Magliery and
 1563:  Zhenbin Xu
1.181 avankest 1564: 
1.159 avankest 1565:  for their contributions to this specification.</p>
1.12 avankest 1566: 
1.1 avankest 1567:  <p>Special thanks to the Microsoft employees who first implemented the
1.143 avankest 1568:  <code title="">XMLHttpRequest</code> interface, which was first widely
 1569:  deployed by the Windows Internet Explorer browser.</p>
1.12 avankest 1570: 
1.143 avankest 1571:  <p>Special thanks also to the WHATWG for drafting an initial version of
 1572:  this specification in their Web Applications 1.0 document (now renamed to
 1573:  HTML&nbsp;5). [<cite><span>HTML5</span></cite>]</p>
1.12 avankest 1574: 
1.143 avankest 1575:  <p>Thanks also to all those who have helped to improve this specification
 1576:  by sending suggestions and corrections. (Please, keep bugging us with your
1.22 avankest 1577:  issues!)</p>
1.1 avankest 1578: </body>
 1579: </html>

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