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4: <title>The XMLHttpRequest Object</title>
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1.147 avankest 23: <link rel="stylesheet" href="http://www.w3.org/StyleSheets/TR/W3C-[STATUS]">
1.1 avankest 24: </head>
25: <body>
26: <div class="head">
27: <p><a href="http://www.w3.org/"><img height="48" width="72" alt="W3C" src="http://www.w3.org/Icons/w3c_home"></a></p>
1.12 avankest 28:
1.156 avankest 29: <h1 class="head" id="the-xmlhttprequest-object">The
30: <code title="">XMLHttpRequest</code> Object</h1>
1.12 avankest 31:
1.149 avankest 32: <h2 class="no-num no-toc" id="w3c-doctype">[LONGSTATUS] [DATE: 3 August 2002]</h2>
1.12 avankest 33:
1.1 avankest 34: <dl>
1.10 avankest 35: <dt>This Version:</dt>
1.173 avankest 36: <dd><a href="[VERSION]/">http://www.w3.org/TR/[YEAR]/ED-XMLHttpRequest-[CDATE]/</a></dd>
1.14 avankest 37:
1.10 avankest 38: <dt>Latest Version:</dt>
1.1 avankest 39: <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/XMLHttpRequest/">http://www.w3.org/TR/XMLHttpRequest/</a></dd>
1.14 avankest 40:
1.10 avankest 41: <dt>Previous Versions:</dt>
1.173 avankest 42: <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2008/WD-XMLHttpRequest-20080415/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2008/WD-XMLHttpRequest-20080415/</a></dd>
1.154 avankest 43: <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2007/WD-XMLHttpRequest-20071026/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2007/WD-XMLHttpRequest-20071026/</a></dd>
1.133 avankest 44: <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2007/WD-XMLHttpRequest-20070618/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2007/WD-XMLHttpRequest-20070618/</a></dd>
1.58 avankest 45: <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2007/WD-XMLHttpRequest-20070227/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2007/WD-XMLHttpRequest-20070227/</a></dd>
1.22 avankest 46: <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/WD-XMLHttpRequest-20060927/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/WD-XMLHttpRequest-20060927/</a></dd>
1.1 avankest 47: <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/WD-XMLHttpRequest-20060619/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/WD-XMLHttpRequest-20060619/</a></dd>
48: <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/WD-XMLHttpRequest-20060405/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/WD-XMLHttpRequest-20060405/</a></dd>
1.14 avankest 49:
1.1 avankest 50: <dt>Editor:</dt>
51: <dd><a href="http://annevankesteren.nl/">Anne van Kesteren</a>
52: (<a href="http://www.opera.com/">Opera Software ASA</a>)
53: <<a href="mailto:annevk@opera.com">annevk@opera.com</a>></dd>
54: </dl>
1.14 avankest 55:
1.1 avankest 56: <p class="copyright"><a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#Copyright">Copyright</a>
1.51 avankest 57: © 2007
58: <a href="http://www.w3.org/"><acronym title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</acronym></a><sup>®</sup>
59: (<a href="http://www.csail.mit.edu/"><acronym title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">MIT</acronym></a>,
60: <a href="http://www.ercim.org/"><acronym title="European Research Consortium for Informatics and Mathematics">ERCIM</acronym></a>,
61: <a href="http://www.keio.ac.jp/">Keio</a>), All Rights Reserved. W3C
62: <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#Legal_Disclaimer">liability</a>,
63: <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#W3C_Trademarks">trademark</a>
64: and
65: <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/copyright-documents">document
66: use</a> rules apply.</p>
1.1 avankest 67: </div>
1.12 avankest 68:
1.1 avankest 69: <hr>
1.12 avankest 70:
1.1 avankest 71: <h2 class="no-num no-toc" id="specabstract">Abstract</h2>
1.10 avankest 72:
1.22 avankest 73: <p>The <code title="">XMLHttpRequest</code> Object specification defines an
74: <abbr title="Application Programming Interface">API</abbr> that provides
75: scripted client functionality for transferring data between a client and a
76: server.</p>
1.12 avankest 77:
1.1 avankest 78: <h2 class="no-num no-toc" id="sotd">Status of this Document</h2>
1.12 avankest 79:
1.1 avankest 80: <p><em>This section describes the status of this document at the time of its
1.36 avankest 81: publication. Other documents may supersede this document. A list of current
82: W3C publications and the latest revision of this technical report can be
83: found in the <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/">W3C technical reports index</a>
1.117 avankest 84: at http://www.w3.org/TR/.</em></p>
1.36 avankest 85:
1.172 avankest 86: <p>This is the [DATE: 3 August 2002] Last Call Working Draft of The
1.147 avankest 87: <code title="">XMLHttpRequest</code> Object specification. Please send
88: comments to <a href="mailto:public-webapi@w3.org">public-webapi@w3.org</a>
1.47 avankest 89: (<a href="http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/public-webapi/">archived</a>)
1.172 avankest 90: with either <samp>[XHR]</samp> or <samp title="">[XMLHttpRequest]</samp>
91: at the start of the subject line before befor 2 June 2008.</p>
1.51 avankest 92:
1.47 avankest 93: <p>This document is produced by the
94: <a href="http://www.w3.org/2006/webapi/">Web API Working Group</a>, part of
95: the <a href="http://www.w3.org/2006/rwc/Activity">Rich Web Clients
96: Activity</a> in the W3C <a href="http://www.w3.org/Interaction/">Interaction
1.51 avankest 97: Domain</a>. Changes made to this document can be found in the
1.47 avankest 98: <a href="http://dev.w3.org/cvsweb/2006/webapi/XMLHttpRequest/Overview.html">W3C
1.117 avankest 99: public CVS server</a>.</p>
1.12 avankest 100:
1.1 avankest 101: <p>Publication as a Working Draft does not imply endorsement by the W3C
1.36 avankest 102: Membership. This is a draft document and may be updated, replaced or
103: obsoleted by other documents at any time. It is inappropriate to cite this
104: document as other than work in progress.</p>
1.12 avankest 105:
1.1 avankest 106: <p>This document was produced by a group operating under the
1.36 avankest 107: <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Patent-Policy-20040205/">5 February
1.52 avankest 108: 2004 W3C Patent Policy</a>. W3C maintains a
1.36 avankest 109: <a rel="disclosure" href="http://www.w3.org/2004/01/pp-impl/38482/status">public
110: list of any patent disclosures</a> made in connection with the deliverables
111: of the group; that page also includes instructions for disclosing a patent.
112: An individual who has actual knowledge of a patent which the individual
113: believes contains
114: <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Patent-Policy-20040205/#def-essential">Essential
115: Claim(s)</a> must disclose the information in accordance with
116: <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Patent-Policy-20040205/#sec-Disclosure">section
117: 6 of the W3C Patent Policy</a>.</p>
1.12 avankest 118:
1.1 avankest 119: <h2 class="no-num no-toc" id="toc">Table of Contents</h2>
1.21 avankest 120:
1.1 avankest 121: <!--toc-->
1.12 avankest 122:
1.1 avankest 123: <h2 id="introduction">Introduction</h2>
1.12 avankest 124:
1.1 avankest 125: <p><em>This section is non-normative.</em></p>
1.12 avankest 126:
1.33 avankest 127: <p>The <code>XMLHttpRequest</code> object implements an interface exposed by
128: a scripting engine that allows scripts to perform HTTP client functionality,
1.22 avankest 129: such as submitting form data or loading data from a server.</p>
1.24 avankest 130:
1.1 avankest 131: <p>The name of the object is <code>XMLHttpRequest</code> for compatibility
1.127 avankest 132: with the Web, though each component of this name is potentially misleading.
1.39 avankest 133: First, the object supports any text based format, including XML. Second, it
134: can be used to make requests over both HTTP and HTTPS (some implementations
135: support protocols in addition to HTTP and HTTPS, but that functionality is
136: not covered by this specification). Finally, it supports "requests" in a
137: broad sense of the term as it pertains to HTTP; namely all activity involved
138: with HTTP requests or responses for the defined HTTP methods.</p>
1.12 avankest 139:
1.14 avankest 140: <div class="example">
141: <p>Some simple code to do something with data from an XML document fetched
1.22 avankest 142: over the network:</p>
1.16 avankest 143:
1.58 avankest 144: <pre><code>function test(data) {
1.14 avankest 145: // taking care of data
146: }
147:
148: function handler() {
1.117 avankest 149: if(this.readyState == 4 && this.status == 200) {
1.14 avankest 150: // so far so good
1.117 avankest 151: if(this.responseXML != null && this.responseXML.getElementById('test').firstChild.data)
152: // success!
1.14 avankest 153: test(this.responseXML.getElementById('test').firstChild.data);
154: else
155: test(null);
1.117 avankest 156: } else if (this.readyState == 4 && this.status != 200) {
1.14 avankest 157: // fetched the wrong page or network error...
158: test(null);
159: }
160: }
1.12 avankest 161:
1.14 avankest 162: var client = new XMLHttpRequest();
163: client.onreadystatechange = handler;
164: client.open("GET", "test.xml");
1.58 avankest 165: client.send();</code></pre>
1.16 avankest 166:
1.56 avankest 167: <p>If you just want to log a message to the server:</p>
1.16 avankest 168:
1.58 avankest 169: <pre><code>function log(message) {
1.14 avankest 170: var client = new XMLHttpRequest();
1.56 avankest 171: client.open("POST", "/log");
1.57 avankest 172: client.setRequestHeader("Content-Type", "text/plain;charset=UTF-8");
1.14 avankest 173: client.send(message);
1.58 avankest 174: }</code></pre>
1.16 avankest 175:
1.14 avankest 176: <p>Or if you want to check the status of a document on the server:</p>
1.16 avankest 177:
1.58 avankest 178: <pre><code>function fetchStatus(address) {
1.14 avankest 179: var client = new XMLHttpRequest();
180: client.onreadystatechange = function() {
181: // in case of network errors this might not give reliable results
182: if(this.readyState == 4)
183: returnStatus(this.status);
184: }
185: client.open("HEAD", address);
186: client.send();
1.58 avankest 187: }</code></pre>
1.14 avankest 188: </div>
1.12 avankest 189:
1.153 avankest 190: <h2 id="conformance">Conformance</h2>
1.12 avankest 191:
1.27 avankest 192: <p>Everything in this specification is normative except for diagrams,
193: examples, notes and sections marked non-normative.</p>
1.12 avankest 194:
1.1 avankest 195: <p>The key words <em class="ct">must</em>, <em class="ct">must not</em>,
1.74 avankest 196: <em class="ct">should</em> and <em class="ct">may</em> in this document are
197: to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119.
198: [<cite><span>RFC2119</span></cite>]</p>
1.12 avankest 199:
1.1 avankest 200: <p>This specification defines the following classes of products:</p>
1.12 avankest 201:
1.1 avankest 202: <dl>
1.74 avankest 203: <dt><dfn id="conforming-user-agent">Conforming user agent</dfn></dt>
1.24 avankest 204:
1.74 avankest 205: <dd>
206: <p>A user agent <em class="ct">must</em> behave as described in this
1.106 avankest 207: specification in order to be considered conformant.</p>
1.95 avankest 208:
1.140 avankest 209: <p>If the user agent is not a conforming XML user agent the <span>XML
210: response entity body</span> <em class="ct">must</em> (always) be
211: <code>null</code>.</p>
212:
213: <p>User agents <em class="ct">may</em> implement algorithms given in
214: this specification in any way desired, so long as the end result is
215: indistinguishable from the result that would be obtained by the
216: specification's algorithms.</p>
1.110 avankest 217:
1.95 avankest 218: <p class="note">This specification uses both the terms "conforming user
219: agent(s)" and "user agent(s)" to refer to this product class.</p>
1.74 avankest 220: </dd>
1.110 avankest 221:
1.94 avankest 222: <dt><dfn id="conforming-xml-user-agent">Conforming XML user agent</dfn></dt>
1.110 avankest 223:
1.163 avankest 224: <dd><p>An XML user agent <em class="ct">must</em> be a <span>conforming
225: user agent</span> and <em class="ct">must</em> be a conforming XML
226: processor that reports violations of namespace well-formedness.
227: [<cite><span>XML</span></cite>]
1.140 avankest 228: [<cite><span>XMLNS</span></cite>]</p></dd>
1.1 avankest 229: </dl>
1.32 avankest 230:
1.153 avankest 231: <h3 id="dependencies">Dependencies</h3>
1.33 avankest 232:
1.29 avankest 233: <p>This specification relies on several underlying specifications.</p>
234: <dl>
235: <dt>DOM</dt>
1.33 avankest 236:
1.155 avankest 237: <dd><p>A <span title="conforming user agent">conforming user agent</span>
1.176 avankest 238: <em class="ct">must</em> support at least the subset of the functionality
1.155 avankest 239: defined in DOM Events and DOM Core that this specification relies upon.
240: [<cite><span>DOM2Events</span></cite>]
241: [<cite><span>DOM3Core</span></cite>]</p></dd>
1.29 avankest 242:
1.161 avankest 243: <dt>HTML 5</dt>
244:
245: <dd>
246: <p>This specification depends on HTML 5 for defining the
247: <code>Window</code> object and finding the character encoding of a
248: <code>text/html</code> resource. A <span>conforming user agent</span>
249: <em class="ct">must</em> support these features.
250: [<cite><span>HTML5</span></cite>]</p>
251:
252: <p class="note">The
253: <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/WD-Window-20060407/">Window Object
254: 1.0</a> draft is not referenced normatively as it appears to be no
255: longer maintained and HTML 5 defines the <code>Window</code> object
256: in more detail. This specification already depends on HTML 5 for
257: other reasons so there is not much additional overhead because of
258: this.</p>
259:
1.29 avankest 260: <dt>HTTP</dt>
1.33 avankest 261:
1.29 avankest 262: <dd>
1.155 avankest 263: <p>A <span>conforming user agent</span>
1.126 avankest 264: <em class="ct">must</em> support some version of the HTTP protocol. It
265: <em class="ct">should</em> support any HTTP method that matches the
1.149 avankest 266: <span><code>Method</code> production</span> and <em class="ct">must</em>
267: at least support the following methods:</p>
1.58 avankest 268:
269: <ul>
270: <li><code>GET</code></li>
271: <li><code>POST</code></li>
272: <li><code>HEAD</code></li>
273: <li><code>PUT</code></li>
274: <li><code>DELETE</code></li>
275: <li><code>OPTIONS</code></li>
276: </ul>
1.135 avankest 277:
1.58 avankest 278: <p>Other requirements regarding HTTP are made throughout the
1.39 avankest 279: specification. [<cite><span>RFC2616</span></cite>]</p>
1.29 avankest 280: </dd>
281: </dl>
1.12 avankest 282:
1.157 avankest 283:
1.153 avankest 284: <h3 id="terminology">Terminology</h3>
1.12 avankest 285:
1.80 avankest 286: <p>There is a <dfn id="case-insensitive-match">case-insensitive match</dfn>
1.153 avankest 287: of strings <var>s1</var> and <var>s2</var> if after mapping the ASCII
288: character range A-Z to the range a-z both strings are identical.</p>
1.144 avankest 289:
1.141 avankest 290: <p>Two URIs are <dfn id="same-origin">same-origin</dfn> if after
291: performing scheme-based normalization on both URIs as described in section
1.143 avankest 292: 5.3.3 of RFC 3987 the scheme, ihost and port components are
1.153 avankest 293: identical. If either URI does not have an ihost component the URIs
1.148 avankest 294: <em class="ct">must not</em> be considered same-origin.
1.177 avankest 295: [<cite><span>RFC3986</span></cite>]
1.147 avankest 296: [<cite><span>RFC3987</span></cite>]</p>
1.155 avankest 297:
1.157 avankest 298: <p>The terms <dfn id="origin">origin</dfn> and
299: <dfn id="event-handler-attribute">event handler DOM attribute</dfn> are
300: defined by the HTML 5 specification.
301: [<cite><span>HTML5</span></cite>]</p>
1.155 avankest 302:
1.80 avankest 303:
1.153 avankest 304: <h3 id="extensibility">Extensibility</h3>
1.12 avankest 305:
1.81 avankest 306: <p>Extensions of the API defined by this specification are <em>strongly
1.22 avankest 307: discouraged</em>. User agents, Working Groups and other interested parties
1.33 avankest 308: should discuss extensions on a relevant public forum, preferably
1.22 avankest 309: <a href="mailto:public-webapi@w3.org">public-webapi@w3.org</a>.</p>
1.12 avankest 310:
1.153 avankest 311:
1.157 avankest 312:
1.153 avankest 313: <h2 id="security">Security Considerations</h2>
314:
1.154 avankest 315: <p>Apart from requirements affecting security made throughout this
316: specification implementations <em class="ct">may</em>, at their
1.175 avankest 317: discretion, not expose certain headers, such as headers containing
1.177 avankest 318: HttpOnly cookies. [<cite><span>HTTPONLY</span></cite>]</p>
1.153 avankest 319:
320:
1.157 avankest 321:
1.153 avankest 322: <h2 id="xmlhttprequest">The <code title="">XMLHttpRequest</code>
323: Object</h2>
1.12 avankest 324:
1.58 avankest 325: <p>The <code>XMLHttpRequest</code> object can be used by scripts to
1.22 avankest 326: programmatically connect to their originating server via HTTP.</p>
1.12 avankest 327:
1.1 avankest 328: <p>Objects implementing the <code>XMLHttpRequest</code> interface
1.22 avankest 329: <em class="ct">must</em> also implement the <code>EventTarget</code>
1.155 avankest 330: interface. [<cite><span>DOM2Events</span></cite>]</p>
1.12 avankest 331:
1.58 avankest 332: <p>Objects implementing the <code title="">Window</code> interface
333: <em class="ct">must</em> provide an <code title="">XMLHttpRequest()</code>
1.155 avankest 334: constructor. [<cite><span>HTML5</span></cite>]</p>
1.12 avankest 335:
1.1 avankest 336: <div class="example">
1.58 avankest 337: <p>In ECMAScript this can be used as follows:</p>
338:
339: <pre><code>var client = new XMLHttpRequest();</code></pre>
1.1 avankest 340: </div>
1.12 avankest 341:
1.150 avankest 342: <p>When the <code title="">XMLHttpRequest()</code> constructor is invoked
1.157 avankest 343: a persistent pointer to the associated <code title="">Document</code>
344: object is stored on the newly created object. This is the
345: <dfn title="Document pointer" id="document-pointer"><code>Document</code>
346: pointer</dfn>. The associated <code>Document</code> object is the one
347: returned by the <code>document</code> attribute from the object on which
348: the <code title="">XMLHttpRequest()</code> constructor was invoked (a
349: <code>Window</code> object). The pointer can become "null" if the
350: object is destroyed.</p>
351:
352: <p class="note">As per the conformance criteria implementations are free
353: to implement this in any way they desire as long as the end results are
354: identical to those given by the English prose.</p>
1.27 avankest 355:
1.58 avankest 356: <div class="example">
1.157 avankest 357: <p>If <var><code>iframe</code></var> is a <code title="">Window</code>
1.175 avankest 358: object, <var><code>client</code></var> will have a pointer to
1.157 avankest 359: <var><code>iframe.document</code></var> in the following example:</p>
1.58 avankest 360:
1.157 avankest 361: <pre><code>var client = new iframe.XMLHttpRequest()</code></pre>
1.58 avankest 362: </div>
1.12 avankest 363:
1.58 avankest 364: <pre class="idl">interface <dfn id="xmlhttprequest-object">XMLHttpRequest</dfn> {
365: // event handler
1.70 avankest 366: attribute EventListener <span>onreadystatechange</span>;
1.58 avankest 367:
368: // state
1.71 avankest 369: const unsigned short <span title="UNSENT state">UNSENT</span> = 0;
1.134 avankest 370: const unsigned short <span title="OPENED state">OPENED</span> = 1;
1.123 avankest 371: const unsigned short <span title="HEADERS_RECEIVED state">HEADERS_RECEIVED</span> = 2;
1.86 avankest 372: const unsigned short <span title="LOADING state">LOADING</span> = 3;
1.117 avankest 373: const unsigned short <span title="DONE state">DONE</span> = 4;
1.70 avankest 374: readonly attribute unsigned short <span>readyState</span>;
1.58 avankest 375:
376: // request
1.70 avankest 377: void <span>open</span>(in DOMString <var>method</var>, in DOMString <var>url</var>);
378: void <span>open</span>(in DOMString <var>method</var>, in DOMString <var>url</var>, in boolean <var>async</var>);
379: void <span>open</span>(in DOMString <var>method</var>, in DOMString <var>url</var>, in boolean <var>async</var>, in DOMString <var>user</var>);
380: void <span>open</span>(in DOMString <var>method</var>, in DOMString <var>url</var>, in boolean <var>async</var>, in DOMString <var>user</var>, in DOMString <var>password</var>);
381: void <span>setRequestHeader</span>(in DOMString <var>header</var>, in DOMString <var>value</var>);
382: void <span>send</span>();
383: void <span>send</span>(in DOMString <var>data</var>);
384: void <span>send</span>(in Document <var>data</var>);
385: void <span>abort</span>();
1.58 avankest 386:
387: // response
1.70 avankest 388: DOMString <span>getAllResponseHeaders</span>();
389: DOMString <span>getResponseHeader</span>(in DOMString <var>header</var>);
390: readonly attribute DOMString <span>responseText</span>;
391: readonly attribute Document <span>responseXML</span>;
392: readonly attribute unsigned short <span>status</span>;
393: readonly attribute DOMString <span>statusText</span>;
1.1 avankest 394: };</pre>
1.8 avankest 395:
1.58 avankest 396: <p>The <code>XMLHttpRequest</code> object can be in five states:
1.71 avankest 397: <span title="UNSENT state">UNSENT</span>,
1.134 avankest 398: <span title="OPENED state">OPENED</span>,
1.123 avankest 399: <span title="HEADERS_RECEIVED state">HEADERS_RECEIVED</span>,
1.86 avankest 400: <span title="LOADING state">LOADING</span> and
1.79 avankest 401: <span title="DONE state">DONE</span>. The current state is exposed through
402: the <code>readyState</code> attribute. The method definitions below define
403: when a state transition takes place.</p>
1.58 avankest 404:
405: <p>When constructed, the <code>XMLHttpRequest</code> object
1.71 avankest 406: <em class="ct">must</em> be in the UNSENT state. This state is represented
1.134 avankest 407: by the <dfn id="unsent-state" title="UNSENT state"><code>UNSENT</code></dfn>
1.58 avankest 408: constant, whose value is <code>0</code>.</p>
409:
1.134 avankest 410: <p>The OPENED state is the state of the object when the <code>open()</code>
1.92 avankest 411: method has been successfully invoked. During this state request headers can
1.58 avankest 412: be set using <code>setRequestHeader()</code> and the request can be made
413: using <code>send()</code>. This state is represented by the
1.134 avankest 414: <dfn id="opened-state" title="OPENED state"><code>OPENED</code></dfn> constant,
1.131 avankest 415: whose value is <code>1</code>.</p>
1.58 avankest 416:
1.134 avankest 417: <p>The OPENED state has an associated <dfn id="send-flag"><code>send()</code>
1.174 avankest 418: flag</dfn> which indicates whether the <code>send()</code> method has been
419: invoked. It can be either "true" or "false" and has an initial value of
420: "false".</p>
1.87 avankest 421:
1.123 avankest 422: <p>The HEADERS_RECEIVED state is the state of the object when all response
423: headers have been received. This state is represented by the
1.131 avankest 424: <dfn id="headers-received-state" title="HEADERS_RECEIVED state"><code>HEADERS_RECEIVED</code></dfn>
1.123 avankest 425: constant, whose value is <code>2</code>.</p>
426:
427: <p>The LOADING state is the state of the object when the response entity body
428: is being received. This state is represented by the
1.131 avankest 429: <dfn id="loading-state" title="LOADING state"><code>LOADING</code></dfn> constant,
1.86 avankest 430: whose value is <code>3</code>.</p>
1.58 avankest 431:
1.79 avankest 432: <p>The DONE state is the state of the object when either the data transfer
1.58 avankest 433: has been completed or something went wrong during the transfer (infinite
434: redirects for instance). This state is represented by the
1.131 avankest 435: <dfn id="done-state" title="DONE state"><code>DONE</code></dfn> constant,
436: whose value is <code>4</code>.</p>
1.90 avankest 437:
1.124 avankest 438: <p>The DONE state has an associated <dfn id="error-flag">error flag</dfn>
1.174 avankest 439: which indicates some type of network error or abortion. It can be either
440: "true" or "false" and has an initial value of "false".</p>
1.124 avankest 441:
1.88 avankest 442: <p>The <dfn id="response-entity-body">response entity body</dfn> is the
443: fragment of the <span>entity body</span> received so far (LOADING state) or
444: the complete entity body (DONE state). If there is no entity body the
445: response entity body is "null".</p>
446:
447: <p>The <dfn id="text-response-entity-body">text response entity body</dfn>
1.169 avankest 448: is a <code>DOMString</code> representing the <span>response entity
449: body</span>. The text response entity body is the return value of the
450: following algorithm:</p>
1.90 avankest 451:
1.88 avankest 452: <ol>
1.167 avankest 453: <li><p>If the response entity body is "null" return the empty string and
1.107 avankest 454: terminate these steps.</p>
1.90 avankest 455:
1.113 avankest 456: <li><p>Let <var>charset</var> be "null".</p></li>
1.90 avankest 457:
458: <li><p>If there is no <code>Content-Type</code> header or there is a
459: <code>Content-Type</code> header which contains a MIME type that is
1.116 avankest 460: <code>text/xml</code>, <code>application/xml</code> or ends in
1.167 avankest 461: <code title="">+xml</code> (ignoring any parameters) use the rules set
462: forth in the XML specifications to determine the character encoding. Let
1.116 avankest 463: <var>charset</var> be the determined character encoding.</p></li>
1.90 avankest 464:
1.145 avankest 465: <li><p>If there is a <code>Content-Type</code> header which contains a
466: <code>text/html</code> MIME type follow the rules set forth in the
467: HTML 5 specification to determine the character encoding. Let
468: <var>charset</var> be the determined character encoding.
469: [<cite><span>HTML5</span></cite>]</p></li>
1.118 avankest 470:
1.115 avankest 471: <li>
1.140 avankest 472: <p>If the MIME type specified by the <code>Content-Type</code> header
473: contains a <code>charset</code> parameter and <var>charset</var> is
474: "null" let <var>charset</var> be the value of that parameter.</p>
1.118 avankest 475:
1.145 avankest 476: <p class="note">The algorithms described by the XML and HTML
477: specifications already take <code>Content-Type</code> into account.</p>
1.115 avankest 478: </li>
1.118 avankest 479:
1.111 avankest 480: <li>
481: <!-- This stuff is copied from HTML5. Thanks Hixie! -->
1.113 avankest 482: <p>If <var>charset</var> is "null" then, for each of the rows in the
1.127 avankest 483: following table, starting with the first one and going down, if the first
484: bytes of <var>bytes</var> match the bytes given in the first column, then
485: let <var>charset</var> be the encoding given in the cell in the second
486: column of that row. If there is no match <var>charset</var> remains
487: "null".</p>
1.117 avankest 488:
489: <table>
490: <thead>
491: <tr>
1.111 avankest 492: <th>Bytes in Hexadecimal
493: <th>Description
1.117 avankest 494: <tbody>
495: <tr>
1.111 avankest 496: <td>00 00 FE FF
1.117 avankest 497: <td>UTF-32BE BOM
498: <tr>
499: <td>FF FE 00 00
500: <td>UTF-32LE BOM
501: <tr>
502: <td>FE FF
503: <td>UTF-16BE BOM
504: <tr>
505: <td>FF FE
506: <td>UTF-16LE BOM
507: <tr>
508: <td>EF BB BF
509: <td>UTF-8 BOM<!-- nobody uses this
510: <tr>
511: <td>DD 73 66 73
512: <td>UTF-EBCDIC
513: -->
514: </table>
1.111 avankest 515: </li>
516:
1.113 avankest 517: <li><p>If <var>charset</var> is "null" let <var>charset</var> be
518: UTF-8.</p></li>
519:
1.107 avankest 520: <li><p>Return the result of decoding the response entity body using
1.167 avankest 521: <var>charset</var>. Replace bytes or sequences of bytes that are not
1.173 avankest 522: valid according to the <var>charset</var> with a single U+FFFD
1.167 avankest 523: character.</p></li>
1.88 avankest 524: </ol>
1.90 avankest 525:
1.163 avankest 526: <p class="note">Authors are encouraged to simply encode their resources
527: using UTF-8.</p>
528:
1.88 avankest 529: <p>The <dfn id="xml-response-entity-body">XML response entity body</dfn> is
1.107 avankest 530: either a <code>Document</code> representing the <span>response entity
1.126 avankest 531: body</span> or <code>null</code>. The XML response entity body is the return
532: value of the following algorithm:</p>
1.90 avankest 533:
1.88 avankest 534: <ol>
1.107 avankest 535: <li><p>If the response entity body is "null" terminate these steps and
536: return <code>null</code>.</p></li>
1.88 avankest 537:
1.103 avankest 538: <li><p>If a <code>Content-Type</code> is present and it does not contain a
539: MIME type (ignoring any parameters) that is <code>text/xml</code>,
1.116 avankest 540: <code>application/xml</code> or ends in <code title="">+xml</code> terminate
541: these steps and return <code>null</code>. (Do not terminate these steps if
542: there is no <code>Content-Type</code> header at all.)</p></li>
1.88 avankest 543:
1.128 avankest 544: <li>
545: <p>Parse the response entity body into a document tree following the
546: rules from the XML specifications. Let the result be <var>parsed
547: document</var>. If this fails (unsupported character encoding, namespace
548: well-formedness error et cetera) terminate these steps return
549: <code>null</code>. [<cite><span>XML</span></cite>]
550: [<cite><span>XMLNS</span></cite>]</p>
1.167 avankest 551:
552: <p class="note">Scripts in the resulting document tree will not be
553: executed, resources referenced will not be loaded and no associated XSLT
554: will be applied.</p>
1.128 avankest 555: </li>
1.88 avankest 556:
1.96 avankest 557: <li><p>Return an object implementing the <code>Document</code>
1.88 avankest 558: interface representing the <var>parsed document</var>.</p></li>
559: </ol>
1.58 avankest 560:
1.5 avankest 561: <dl>
1.131 avankest 562: <dt><dfn id="onreadystatechange"><code>onreadystatechange</code></dfn>
1.39 avankest 563: of type <code>EventListener</code></dt>
1.12 avankest 564:
1.157 avankest 565: <dd><p>This attribute is an <span>event handler DOM attribute</span> and
566: <em class="ct">must</em> be invoked whenever a
1.173 avankest 567: <code>readystatechange</code> event is targeted at the object.</p></dd>
1.12 avankest 568:
1.131 avankest 569: <dt><dfn id="readystate"><code>readyState</code></dfn> of type
1.22 avankest 570: <code>unsigned short</code>, readonly</dt>
1.12 avankest 571:
1.150 avankest 572: <dd><p>On getting the attribute <em class="ct">must</em> return the value
573: of the constant corresponding to the object's current state.</p></dd>
1.12 avankest 574:
1.131 avankest 575: <dt><dfn id="open" title="open"><code>open(<var>method</var>,
1.22 avankest 576: <var>url</var>, <var>async</var>, <var>user</var>,
577: <var>password</var>)</code></dfn>, method</dt>
1.12 avankest 578:
1.1 avankest 579: <dd>
1.58 avankest 580: <p>When invoked, the user agent <em class="ct">must</em> follow the
1.96 avankest 581: following steps (unless otherwise indicated):</p>
1.58 avankest 582:
583: <ol>
1.156 avankest 584: <li><p>Let <var>stored method</var> be the <var>method</var>
585: argument.</p></li>
1.58 avankest 586:
1.156 avankest 587: <li><p>If <var>stored method</var> does not match the
588: <dfn><code>Method</code> production</dfn>, defined in section 5.1.1 of
589: RFC 2616, raise a <code>SYNTAX_ERR</code> exception and terminate these
590: steps. [<cite><span>RFC2616</span></cite>]</p></li>
1.58 avankest 591:
1.156 avankest 592: <li><p>If <var>stored method</var>
593: <span title="case-insensitive match">case-insensitively matches</span>
594: <code>CONNECT</code>, <code>DELETE</code>, <code>GET</code>,
1.175 avankest 595: <code>HEAD</code>, <code>OPTIONS</code>, <code>POST</code>,
1.156 avankest 596: <code>PUT</code>, <code>TRACE</code>, or <code>TRACK</code> let
597: <var>stored method</var> be the canonical uppercase form of the matched
598: method name.</p></li>
599: <!-- WebKit (and supposedly Firefox) also uppercase: COPY, INDEX, LOCK,
600: M-POST, MKCOL, MOVE, PROPFIND, PROPPATCH, and UNLOCK. -->
1.58 avankest 601:
1.176 avankest 602: <li>
603: <p>If <var>stored method</var> is one of <code>CONNECT</code>,
604: <code>TRACE</code>, or <code>TRACK</code> the user agent
605: <em class="ct">should</em> raise a <code>SECURITY_ERR</code> exception
606: and terminate these steps.</p>
607:
608: <p class="note"><code>TRACK</code> poses a security issue to legacy
609: server deployments.</p>
610: </li>
1.58 avankest 611:
612: <li><p>Drop the fragment identifier (if any) from <var>url</var> and let
613: <var>stored url</var> be the result of that operation.</p></li>
614:
1.96 avankest 615: <li><p>If <var>stored url</var> is a relative reference resolve it using
616: the current value of the <code>baseURI</code> attribute of the
1.157 avankest 617: <span><code>Document</code> pointer</span>. If this fails raise a
1.98 avankest 618: <code>SYNTAX_ERR</code> exception and terminate these steps.</p></li>
1.58 avankest 619:
1.101 avankest 620: <li><p>If <var>stored url</var> contains an unsupported scheme raise a
621: <code>NOT_SUPPORTED_ERR</code> and terminate these steps.</p></li>
1.110 avankest 622:
1.58 avankest 623: <li><p>If the <code>"user:password"</code> format in the
1.141 avankest 624: <code>userinfo</code> production defined in section 3.2.1 of RFC 3986
625: is not supported for the relevant scheme and <var>stored url</var>
626: contains this format raise a <code>SYNTAX_ERR</code> and terminate
627: these steps. [<cite><span>RFC3986</span></cite>]</p></li>
1.58 avankest 628:
629: <li><p>If <var>stored url</var> contains the <code>"user:password"</code>
630: format let <var>stored user</var> be the user part and <var>stored
631: password</var> be the password part.</p></li>
632:
633: <li><p>If <var>stored url</var> just contains the <code>"user"</code>
634: format let <var>stored user</var> be the user part.</p></li>
635:
1.151 avankest 636: <li><p>If <var>stored url</var> is not of the <span>same-origin</span>
1.157 avankest 637: as the <span>origin</span> of the <span><code>Document</code>
638: pointer</span> the user agent <em class="ct">should</em> raise a
639: <code>SECURITY_ERR</code> exception and terminate these steps.</p></li>
1.58 avankest 640:
1.145 avankest 641: <li><p>Let <var>async</var> be the value of the <var>async</var>
642: argument or <code>true</code> if it was omitted.</p></li>
1.58 avankest 643:
1.126 avankest 644: <li><p>If the <var>user</var> argument was not omitted, and its syntax
1.145 avankest 645: does not match that specified by the relevant authentication scheme,
646: raise a <code>SYNTAX_ERR</code> exception and terminate these
647: steps.</p></li>
1.14 avankest 648:
1.58 avankest 649: <li>
650: <p>If the <var>user</var> argument was not omitted and is not
1.145 avankest 651: <code>null</code> let <var>stored user</var> be <var>user</var>
652: encoded using the encoding specified in the relevant authentication
653: scheme or UTF-8 if the scheme fails to specify an encoding.</p>
1.14 avankest 654:
1.58 avankest 655: <p class="note">This step overrides any user that may have been set by
656: the <var>url</var> argument.</p>
657: </li>
1.16 avankest 658:
1.58 avankest 659: <li><p>If the <var>user</var> argument was not omitted and is
660: <code>null</code> remove <var>stored user</var>.</p></li>
1.14 avankest 661:
1.145 avankest 662: <li><p>If the <var>password</var> argument was not omitted and its
663: syntax does not match that specified by the relevant authentication
664: scheme raise a <code>SYNTAX_ERR</code> exception and terminate these
665: steps.</p></li>
1.58 avankest 666:
667: <li><p>If the <var>password</var> argument was not omitted and is not
668: <code>null</code> let <var>stored password</var> be <var>password</var>
669: encoded using the encoding specified in the relevant authentication
670: scheme or UTF-8 if the scheme fails to specify an encoding.</p></li>
671:
672: <li><p>If the <var>password</var> argument was not omitted and is
673: <code>null</code> remove <var>stored password</var>.</p></li>
674:
1.175 avankest 675: <li>
676: <p><span title="abort send()">Abort the <code>send()</code>
677: algorithm</span>, set <span>response entity body</span> to "null" and
678: reset the list of request headers.<p>
679:
680: <p class="note">This step and the next only has effect if
681: <code>send()</code> and/or <code>setRequestHeader()</code> has been
682: used.</p>
683: </li>
1.58 avankest 684:
1.108 avankest 685: <li><p>The user agent <em class="ct">should</em> cancel any network
686: activity for which the object is responsible.</p></li>
1.58 avankest 687: <!-- we can hardly require it... -->
688:
1.145 avankest 689: <li><p>Switch the object to the
690: <span title="OPENED state">OPENED</span> state, set the
691: <span><code>send()</code> flag</span> to "false" and then synchronously
692: dispatch a <code>readystatechange</code> event on the object and return
693: the method call.</p></li>
1.58 avankest 694: </ol>
1.14 avankest 695:
1.19 avankest 696: <p class="note">A future version or extension of this specification will
1.33 avankest 697: most likely define a way of doing cross-site requests.</p>
1.1 avankest 698: </dd>
1.12 avankest 699:
1.131 avankest 700: <dt><dfn id="setrequestheader" title="setrequestheader"><code>setRequestHeader(<var>header</var>,
1.22 avankest 701: <var>value</var>)</code></dfn>, method</dt>
1.12 avankest 702:
1.5 avankest 703: <dd>
1.163 avankest 704: <p>Each request has a list of request headers with associated values.
705: The <code>setRequestHeader()</code> method can be used to manipulate
706: those values and set new request headers.</p>
707:
708: <p class="note">The <code>setRequestHeader()</code> method appends a
709: value if the HTTP header given as argument is already part of the list
710: of request headers.</p>
1.45 avankest 711:
1.58 avankest 712: <p>When invoked, the user agent <em class="ct">must</em> follow the
1.96 avankest 713: following steps (unless otherwise indicated):</p>
1.14 avankest 714:
1.58 avankest 715: <ol>
716: <li><p>If the state of the object is not
1.134 avankest 717: <span title="OPENED state">OPENED</span> raise an
1.98 avankest 718: <code>INVALID_STATE_ERR</code> exception and terminate these
719: steps.</p></li>
1.96 avankest 720:
721: <li><p>If the <span><code>send()</code> flag</span> is "true" raise an
1.98 avankest 722: <code>INVALID_STATE_ERR</code> exception and terminate these
723: steps.</p></li>
1.14 avankest 724:
1.97 avankest 725: <li><p>If the <var>header</var> argument does not match the
1.22 avankest 726: <dfn><code>field-name</code> production</dfn> as defined by section 4.2
1.96 avankest 727: of RFC 2616 or is <code>null</code> raise a <code>SYNTAX_ERR</code>
1.98 avankest 728: exception and terminate these steps.
1.96 avankest 729: [<cite><span>RFC2616</span></cite>]</p></li>
730:
1.98 avankest 731: <li><p>If the <var>value</var> argument is <code>null</code> terminate
1.178 avankest 732: these steps. (Do not raise an exception.)</p></li>
1.70 avankest 733: <!-- undefined is to be treated as null here... -->
1.79 avankest 734:
1.178 avankest 735: <li>
736: <p>If the <var>value</var> argument does not match the
737: <dfn><code>field-value</code> production</dfn> as defined by section
738: 4.2 of RFC 2616 raise a <code>SYNTAX_ERR</code> and terminate these
739: steps. [<cite><span>RFC2616</span></cite>]</p>
740:
741: <p class="note">The empty string is legal.</p>
742: </li>
1.14 avankest 743:
1.32 avankest 744: <li>
1.132 avankest 745: <p>For security reasons, these steps <em class="ct">should</em> be
1.98 avankest 746: terminated if the <var>header</var> argument
1.80 avankest 747: <span title="case-insensitive match">case-insensitively matches</span>
748: one of the following headers:</p>
1.58 avankest 749:
1.32 avankest 750: <ul>
751: <li><code>Accept-Charset</code></li>
752: <li><code>Accept-Encoding</code></li>
1.176 avankest 753: <li><code>Authorization</code></li>
1.68 avankest 754: <li><code>Connection</code></li>
1.32 avankest 755: <li><code>Content-Length</code></li>
1.176 avankest 756: <li><code>Cookie</code></li>
757: <li><code>Cookie2</code></li>
1.68 avankest 758: <li><code>Content-Transfer-Encoding</code></li>
759: <li><code>Date</code></li>
1.32 avankest 760: <li><code>Expect</code></li>
761: <li><code>Host</code></li>
762: <li><code>Keep-Alive</code></li>
763: <li><code>Referer</code></li>
764: <li><code>TE</code></li>
765: <li><code>Trailer</code></li>
766: <li><code>Transfer-Encoding</code></li>
767: <li><code>Upgrade</code></li>
1.68 avankest 768: <li><code>Via</code></li>
1.32 avankest 769: </ul>
770: </li>
1.132 avankest 771:
1.168 avankest 772: <li><p>Also for security reasons, these steps
773: <em class="ct">should</em> be terminated if the start of the
774: <var>header</var> argument
775: <span title="case-insensitive match">case-insensitively matches</span>
776: <code>Proxy-</code> or <code>Sec-</code>.</p></li>
1.5 avankest 777:
1.58 avankest 778: <li><p>If the <var>header</var> argument is not in the list of request
1.96 avankest 779: headers append the <var>header</var> with its associated <var>value</var>
1.98 avankest 780: to the list and terminate these steps.</p></li>
1.58 avankest 781:
782: <li><p>If the <var>header</var> argument is in the list of request
1.96 avankest 783: headers either use multiple headers, combine the values or use a
784: combination of those (section 4.2, RFC 2616).
785: [<cite><span>RFC2616</span></cite>]</p></li>
786: <!-- XXX it seems UAs always combine the values -->
1.58 avankest 787: </ol>
1.45 avankest 788:
789: <p class="note">See also the <code>send()</code> method regarding user
1.71 avankest 790: agent header handling for caching, authentication, proxies, and
791: cookies.</p>
1.14 avankest 792:
793: <div class="example">
1.58 avankest 794: <pre><code>// The following script:
1.14 avankest 795: var client = new XMLHttpRequest();
796: client.open('GET', 'demo.cgi');
797: client.setRequestHeader('X-Test', 'one');
798: client.setRequestHeader('X-Test', 'two');
799: client.send();
800:
801: // ...would result in the following header being sent:
802: ...
803: X-Test: one, two
1.58 avankest 804: ...</code></pre>
1.14 avankest 805: </div>
1.5 avankest 806: </dd>
1.12 avankest 807:
1.131 avankest 808: <dt><dfn id="send" title="send"><code>send(<var>data</var>)</code></dfn>,
1.22 avankest 809: method</dt>
1.12 avankest 810:
1.17 avankest 811: <dd>
1.58 avankest 812: <p>The <code>send()</code> method initiates the request and its optional
1.163 avankest 813: argument provides the <span>entity body</span>.</p>
814:
815: <p class="note">Authors are encouraged to ensure that they have
816: specified the <code>Content-Type</code> header via
817: <code>setRequestHeader()</code> before invoking <code>send()</code> with
818: a non-<code>null</code> <var>data</var> argument.</p>
1.58 avankest 819:
820: <p>When invoked, the user agent <em class="ct">must</em> follow the
1.108 avankest 821: following steps (unless otherwise noted). Note that this algorithm might
1.126 avankest 822: get aborted if the <code>open()</code> or <code>abort()</code> method is
823: invoked. When the
1.109 avankest 824: <dfn title="abort send()" id="abort-send-algorithm"><code>send()</code>
1.110 avankest 825: algorithm is aborted</dfn> the user agent <em class="ct">must</em>
826: terminate the algorithm after finishing the step it is on.</p>
827:
1.108 avankest 828: <p class="note">The following algorithm can not be aborted through script
829: when <var>async</var> is <code>false</code>. It can only be aborted when
830: <var>async</var> is <code>true</code> and only after the method call has
831: returned.</p>
1.58 avankest 832:
833: <ol>
834: <li><p>If the state of the object is not
1.134 avankest 835: <span title="OPENED state">OPENED</span> raise an
1.98 avankest 836: <code>INVALID_STATE_ERR</code> exception and terminate these
837: steps.</p></li>
1.96 avankest 838:
839: <li><p>If the <span><code>send()</code> flag</span> is "true" raise an
1.98 avankest 840: <code>INVALID_STATE_ERR</code> exception and terminate these
841: steps.</p></li>
1.58 avankest 842:
1.102 avankest 843: <li><p>If <var>async</var> is <code>true</code> set the
1.103 avankest 844: <span><code>send()</code> flag</span> to "true".</p></li>
845:
1.58 avankest 846: <li>
1.166 avankest 847: <p>If <var>stored method</var> is <code>GET</code> act as if the
848: <var>data</var> argument is <code>null</code>.</p>
849:
1.58 avankest 850: <p>If the <var>data</var> argument has not been omitted and is not
1.145 avankest 851: <code>null</code> use it for the <dfn id="entity-body">entity
852: body</dfn> as defined by section 7.2 of RFC 2616 observing the
853: following rules: [<cite><span>RFC2616</span></cite>]</p>
1.58 avankest 854:
1.119 avankest 855: <dl class="switch">
1.58 avankest 856: <dt><var>data</var> is a <code>DOMString</code></dt>
857:
1.163 avankest 858: <dd>
859: <p>Encode <var>data</var> using UTF-8 for transmission.</p>
860:
1.164 avankest 861: <p>If a <code>Content-Type</code> header is set using
862: <code>setRequestHeader()</code> set the <code>charset</code>
863: parameter of that header to <code>UTF-8</code>.</p>
1.163 avankest 864: </dd>
1.58 avankest 865:
866: <dt><var>data</var> is a <code>Document</code>
867:
868: <dd>
1.165 avankest 869: <p>Serialize <var>data</var> into a namespace well-formed XML
870: document and encoded using the encoding given by
871: <code><var>data</var>.inputEncoding</code>, when not
872: <code>null</code>, or UTF-8 otherwise. Or, if this fails because the
873: <code>Document</code> cannot be serialized act as if <var>data</var>
874: is <code>null</code>.</p>
875:
876: <p>If no <code>Content-Type</code> header has been set using
1.175 avankest 877: <code>setRequestHeader()</code> set a <code>Content-Type</code>
878: request header with a value of
1.165 avankest 879: <code>application/xml;charset=<var>charset</var></code> where
880: <var>charset</var> is the encoding used to encode the document.</p>
1.58 avankest 881:
882: <p class="note">Subsequent changes to the <code>Document</code> have
883: no effect on what is submitted.</p>
884: </dd>
885:
886: <dt><var>data</var> is not a <code>DOMString</code> or
887: <code>Document</code></dt>
888:
1.96 avankest 889: <dd><p>Use the stringification mechanisms of the host language on
890: <var>data</var> and treat the result as if <var>data</var> is a
1.166 avankest 891: <code>DOMString</code>. Or, if this fails, act as if the
892: <var>data</var> argument is <code>null</code>.</p></dd>
1.58 avankest 893: </dl>
894:
1.126 avankest 895: <p>If the <var>data</var> argument has been omitted, or is
896: <code>null</code>, no entity body is used in the request.</p>
1.58 avankest 897: </li>
898:
1.71 avankest 899: <li><p>Make a request to <var>stored url</var>, using HTTP method
900: <var>stored method</var>, user <var>stored user</var> (if provided) and
901: password <var>stored password</var> (if provided), taking into account
902: the entity body, list of request headers and the rules listed directly
903: after this set of steps.</p></li>
1.60 avankest 904:
1.67 avankest 905: <li>
1.96 avankest 906: <p>Synchronously dispatch a <code>readystatechange</code> event on the
907: object.</p>
1.67 avankest 908:
1.96 avankest 909: <p class="note">The state of the object does not change. The event is
910: dispatched for historical reasons.</p>
1.67 avankest 911: </li>
912:
1.102 avankest 913: <li><p>If <var>async</var> is <code>true</code> return the
1.98 avankest 914: <code>send()</code> method call. (Do not terminate the steps in the
915: algorithm though.)</p></li>
1.58 avankest 916:
1.117 avankest 917: <li>
1.175 avankest 918: <p>While executing the request the following rules are to be
1.123 avankest 919: observed.</p>
920:
1.119 avankest 921: <dl class="switch">
1.118 avankest 922: <dt>If the response is an HTTP redirect</dt>
1.167 avankest 923:
1.118 avankest 924: <dd>
1.145 avankest 925: <p>If the redirect does not violate security (it is
926: <span>same-origin</span> for instance) or infinite loop precautions
927: and the scheme is supported transparently follow the redirect and go
1.166 avankest 928: to the start of this step (step 8).</p>
1.145 avankest 929:
930: <p class="note">HTTP places requirements on the user agent regarding
931: the preservation of the request method and entity body during
932: redirects, and also requires users to be notified of certain kinds
933: of automatic redirections.</p>
1.118 avankest 934: <!-- Arguably HTTP should be fixed for the latter case. No browser
935: follows that as far as I know. -->
936:
937: <p>Otherwise, follow the following set of steps:</p>
1.145 avankest 938:
1.118 avankest 939: <ol>
1.124 avankest 940: <li><p>Set the <span>response entity body</span> to "null", the
941: <span>error flag</span> to "true" and reset the list of request
942: headers.</p></li>
1.118 avankest 943:
944: <li><p>Synchronously switch the state to
945: <span title="DONE state">DONE</span>.</p></li>
946:
947: <li><p>If <var>async</var> is set to <code>false</code> raise a
948: <code>NETWORK_ERR</code> exception and terminate the overall
949: algorithm.</p></li>
950:
951: <li><p>Synchronously dispatch a <code>readystatechange</code> event on
952: the object.</p></li>
953:
954: <li><p>Terminate the overall algorithm.</p></li>
955: </ol>
956:
957: <p class="note">It is likely that a future version of the
958: <code>XMLHttpRequest</code> object will dispatch an <code>error</code>
959: event here as well.</p>
960: </dd>
1.117 avankest 961:
1.121 avankest 962:
1.118 avankest 963: <dt>If the user cancels the download</dt>
1.58 avankest 964:
1.118 avankest 965: <dd>
966: <p>Run the following set of steps:</p>
1.60 avankest 967:
1.118 avankest 968: <ol>
1.124 avankest 969: <li><p>Set the <span>response entity body</span> to "null", the
970: <span>error flag</span> to "true" and reset the list of request
971: headers.</p></li>
1.118 avankest 972:
973: <li><p>Synchronously switch the state to
974: <span title="DONE state">DONE</span>.</p></li>
975:
1.121 avankest 976: <li><p>If <var>async</var> is set to <code>false</code> raise an
977: <code>ABORT_ERR</code> exception and terminate the overall
1.118 avankest 978: algorithm.</p></li>
979:
980: <li><p>Synchronously dispatch a <code>readystatechange</code> event on
981: the object.</p></li>
982:
983: <li><p>Terminate the overall algorithm.</p></li>
984: </ol>
1.121 avankest 985:
1.118 avankest 986: <p class="note">It is likely that a future version of the
1.121 avankest 987: <code>XMLHttpRequest</code> object will dispatch an
988: <code title="">abort</code> event here as well.</p>
1.118 avankest 989: </dd>
1.60 avankest 990:
1.121 avankest 991:
1.118 avankest 992: <dt>In case of network errors</dt>
1.60 avankest 993:
1.118 avankest 994: <dd>
1.176 avankest 995: <p>In case of DNS errors, timeout, TLS negotiation failure, or other
996: type of network errors, run the following set of steps.
997: <span class="note">This does not include HTTP responses that
998: indicate some type of error, such as HTTP status code
1.126 avankest 999: 410.</span></p>
1.118 avankest 1000:
1001: <ol>
1.124 avankest 1002: <li><p>Set the <span>response entity body</span> to "null", the
1003: <span>error flag</span> to "true" and reset the list of request
1004: headers.</p></li>
1.118 avankest 1005:
1006: <li><p>Synchronously switch the state to
1007: <span title="DONE state">DONE</span>.</p></li>
1008:
1009: <li><p>If <var>async</var> is set to <code>false</code> raise a
1010: <code>NETWORK_ERR</code> exception and terminate the overall
1011: algorithm.</p></li>
1012:
1013: <li><p>Synchronously dispatch a <code>readystatechange</code> event on
1014: the object.</p></li>
1015:
1016: <li><p>Terminate the overall algorithm.</p></li>
1017: </ol>
1018:
1019: <p class="note">It is likely that a future version of the
1020: <code>XMLHttpRequest</code> object will dispatch an <code>error</code>
1021: event here as well.</p>
1022: </dd>
1023:
1024: <dt>Once all HTTP headers have been received</dt>
1025:
1026: <dd>
1027: <p>If all HTTP headers have been received, before receiving the message
1.123 avankest 1028: body (if any), run the following steps:</p>
1.60 avankest 1029:
1.118 avankest 1030: <ol>
1031: <li><p>Synchronously switch the state to
1.123 avankest 1032: <span title="HEADERS_RECEIVED state">HEADERS_RECEIVED</span>.</p></li>
1.118 avankest 1033:
1034: <li><p>Synchronously dispatch a <code>readystatechange</code> event on
1035: the object.</p></li>
1.123 avankest 1036: </ol>
1037: </dd>
1038:
1039: <dt>Once the first byte (or more) of the response entity body has been
1040: received</dt>
1041: <dt>If there is no response entity body</dt>
1.153 avankest 1042:
1.123 avankest 1043: <dd>
1044: <ol>
1.118 avankest 1045: <li><p>Synchronously switch the state to
1046: <span title="LOADING state">LOADING</span>.</p></li>
1047:
1048: <li><p>Synchronously dispatch a <code>readystatechange</code> event on
1049: the object.</p></li>
1050: </ol>
1051: </dd>
1052: </dl>
1.153 avankest 1053:
1.124 avankest 1054: <p>Finally, once the complete resource has been downloaded go to the next
1.118 avankest 1055: step.</p>
1.58 avankest 1056: </li>
1057:
1.82 avankest 1058: <li><p>When the request has successfully completed loading, synchronously
1.96 avankest 1059: switch the state to <span title="DONE state">DONE</span> and then
1060: synchronously dispatch a <code>readystatechange</code> event on the
1061: object and return the method call in case of <var>async</var> being
1062: <code>false</code>.</p></li>
1.58 avankest 1063: </ol>
1.14 avankest 1064:
1.91 avankest 1065: <p>If the user agent allows the user to configure a proxy it
1.22 avankest 1066: <em class="ct">should</em> modify the request appropriately;
1.42 avankest 1067: <abbr title="in other words">i.e.</abbr>, connect to the proxy host
1068: instead of the origin server, modify the <code>Request-Line</code> and
1069: send <code>Proxy-Authorization</code> headers as specified.</p>
1.12 avankest 1070:
1.42 avankest 1071: <p>If the user agent supports HTTP Authentication it
1.22 avankest 1072: <em class="ct">should</em> consider requests originating from this object
1.42 avankest 1073: to be part of the protection space that includes the accessed URIs and
1074: send <code>Authorization</code> headers and handle <code>401
1.137 avankest 1075: Unauthorized</code> requests appropriately. If authentication fails, user
1.42 avankest 1076: agents <em class="ct">should</em> prompt the users for credentials.
1077: [<cite><span>RFC2617</span></cite>]</p>
1078:
1.57 avankest 1079: <p>If the user agent supports HTTP State Management it
1.42 avankest 1080: <em class="ct">should</em> persist, discard and send cookies (as received
1081: in the <code>Set-Cookie</code> and <code>Set-Cookie2</code> response
1082: headers, and sent in the <code>Cookie</code> header) as applicable.
1.178 avankest 1083: [<cite><span>RFC2109</span></cite>]
1.42 avankest 1084: [<cite><span>RFC2965</span></cite>]</p>
1085:
1.178 avankest 1086: <!-- These specs do not match reality. -->
1.163 avankest 1087:
1.42 avankest 1088: <p>If the user agent implements a HTTP cache it <em class="ct">should</em>
1089: respect <code>Cache-Control</code> request headers set by the script
1090: (<abbr title="for example">e.g.</abbr>, <code>Cache-Control:
1091: no-cache</code> bypasses the cache). It <em class="ct">must not</em> send
1092: <code>Cache-Control</code> or <code>Pragma</code> request headers
1.137 avankest 1093: automatically unless the user explicitly requests such behavior
1.179 avankest 1094: (<abbr>e.g.</abbr>, by (force-)reloading the page).</p>
1095:
1096: <p>For <code>304 Not Modified</code> responses that are a result of a
1097: user agent generated conditional request the user agent
1098: <em class="ct">must</em> act as if the server gave a <code>200
1099: OK</code> response with the appropriate content. The user agent
1.39 avankest 1100: <em class="ct">must</em> allow scripts to override automatic cache
1.22 avankest 1101: validation by setting request headers (e.g., <code>If-None-Match</code>,
1.42 avankest 1102: <code>If-Modified-Since</code>), in which case <code>304 Not
1103: Modified</code> responses <em class="ct">must</em> be passed through.
1104: [<cite><span>RFC2616</span></cite>]</p>
1.12 avankest 1105:
1.8 avankest 1106: <p>If the user agent implements server-driven content-negotiation
1.161 avankest 1107: it <em class="ct">should</em> set <code>Accept-Encoding</code> and
1.174 avankest 1108: <code>Accept-Charset</code> headers as appropriate.
1109: Unless set through <code>setRequestHeader()</code> user agents
1110: <em class="ct">should</em> set the <code>Accept</code> and
1.180 ! avankest 1111: <code>Accept-Language</code> headers as well. If <code>Accept</code> is
! 1112: set by the user agent it <em class="ct">must</em> have the value
! 1113: <code>*/*</code>. Responses <em class="ct">must</em> have the
! 1114: content-encodings automatically decoded.
! 1115: [<cite><span>RFC2616</span></cite>]</p>
1.8 avankest 1116: </dd>
1.12 avankest 1117:
1.131 avankest 1118: <dt><dfn id="abort"><code>abort()</code></dfn>, method</dt>
1.12 avankest 1119:
1.5 avankest 1120: <dd>
1.60 avankest 1121: <p>When invoked, the user agent <em class="ct">must</em> run the following
1.96 avankest 1122: steps (unless otherwise noted):</p>
1.60 avankest 1123:
1124: <ol>
1.108 avankest 1125: <li><p><span title="abort send()">Abort the <code>send()</code>
1126: algorithm</span>, set the <span>response entity body</span> to "null",
1.135 avankest 1127: the <span>error flag</span> to "true" and remove any registered request
1128: headers.</p></li>
1.60 avankest 1129:
1.108 avankest 1130: <li><p>The user agent <em class="ct">should</em> cancel any network
1131: activity for which the object is responsible.</p></li>
1.60 avankest 1132:
1.83 avankest 1133: <li>
1.85 avankest 1134: <p>If the state is <span title="UNSENT state">UNSENT</span>,
1.134 avankest 1135: <span title="OPENED state">OPENED</span> and the <span><code>send()</code>
1.87 avankest 1136: flag</span> is "false", or <span title="DONE state">DONE</span> go to
1137: the next step.</p>
1.85 avankest 1138:
1.135 avankest 1139: <p>Otherwise, switch the state to
1140: <span title="DONE state">DONE</span>, set the
1141: <span><code>send()</code> flag</span> to "false" and synchronously
1142: dispatch a <code>readystatechange</code> event on the object.</p>
1.83 avankest 1143: </li>
1.67 avankest 1144:
1.60 avankest 1145: <li>
1.97 avankest 1146: <p>Switch the state to <span title="UNSENT state">UNSENT</span>. (Do not
1.71 avankest 1147: dispatch the <code>readystatechange</code> event.)</p>
1.60 avankest 1148:
1.82 avankest 1149: <p class="note">It is likely that a future version of the
1150: <code>XMLHttpRequest</code> object will dispatch an
1151: <code title="">abort</code> event here as well.</p>
1.60 avankest 1152: </li>
1153: </ol>
1.5 avankest 1154: </dd>
1.12 avankest 1155:
1.131 avankest 1156: <dt><dfn id="getallresponseheaders"><code>getAllResponseHeaders()</code></dfn>,
1.22 avankest 1157: method</dt>
1.12 avankest 1158:
1.5 avankest 1159: <dd>
1.60 avankest 1160: <p>When invoked, the user agent <em class="ct">must</em> run
1.58 avankest 1161: the following steps:</p>
1162:
1163: <ol>
1.124 avankest 1164: <li><p>If the state is <span title="UNSENT state">UNSENT</span> or
1.134 avankest 1165: <span title="OPENED state">OPENED</span> raise an
1.98 avankest 1166: <code>INVALID_STATE_ERR</code> exception and terminate these
1167: steps.</p></li>
1.170 avankest 1168:
1169: <li><p>If the <span>error flag</span> is "true" return the empty string
1.124 avankest 1170: and terminate these steps.</p></li>
1.96 avankest 1171:
1.167 avankest 1172: <li><p>Return all the HTTP headers, as a single string, with each
1173: header line separated by a U+000D (CR) U+000A (LF) pair excluding the
1174: status line.</p></li>
1.58 avankest 1175: </ol>
1.24 avankest 1176:
1.5 avankest 1177: <div class="example">
1.58 avankest 1178: <pre><code>// The following script:
1.5 avankest 1179: var client = new XMLHttpRequest();
1.14 avankest 1180: client.open("GET", "test.txt", true);
1.5 avankest 1181: client.send();
1.12 avankest 1182: client.onreadystatechange = function() {
1.179 avankest 1183: if(this.readyState == 2) {
1.12 avankest 1184: print(this.getAllResponseHeaders());
1185: }
1186: }
1.5 avankest 1187:
1188: // ...should output something similar to the following text:
1189: Date: 2004年10月24日 04:58:38 GMT
1190: Server: Apache/1.3.31 (Unix)
1191: Keep-Alive: timeout=15, max=99
1192: Connection: Keep-Alive
1193: Transfer-Encoding: chunked
1.58 avankest 1194: Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8</code></pre>
1.5 avankest 1195: </div>
1196: </dd>
1.12 avankest 1197:
1.131 avankest 1198: <dt><dfn id="getresponseheader" title="getresponseheader"><code>getResponseHeader(<var>header</var>)</code></dfn>,
1.22 avankest 1199: method</dt>
1.12 avankest 1200:
1.1 avankest 1201: <dd>
1.58 avankest 1202: <p>When the method is invoked, the user agent <em class="ct">must</em> run
1203: the following steps:</p>
1.14 avankest 1204:
1.58 avankest 1205: <ol>
1.124 avankest 1206: <li><p>If the state is <span title="UNSENT state">UNSENT</span> or
1.134 avankest 1207: <span title="OPENED state">OPENED</span> raise an
1.98 avankest 1208: <code>INVALID_STATE_ERR</code> exception and terminate these
1209: steps.</p></li>
1.58 avankest 1210:
1.149 avankest 1211: <li><p>If the <var>header</var> argument does not match the
1.171 avankest 1212: <span><code>field-name</code> production</span> return
1213: <code>null</code> and terminate these steps.</p></li>
1.124 avankest 1214:
1.149 avankest 1215: <li><p>If the <span>error flag</span> is "true" return
1216: <code>null</code> and terminate these steps.</p></li>
1.58 avankest 1217:
1.80 avankest 1218: <li><p>If the <var>header</var> argument
1219: <span title="case-insensitive match">case-insensitively matches</span>
1.127 avankest 1220: multiple HTTP headers for the last request sent, return the values of
1.149 avankest 1221: these headers as a single concatenated string separated from each
1.167 avankest 1222: other by an U+002C followed by an U+0020 character and terminate
1.149 avankest 1223: these steps.</p></li>
1.58 avankest 1224:
1.80 avankest 1225: <li><p>If the <var>header</var> argument
1.149 avankest 1226: <span title="case-insensitive match">case-insensitively matches</span>
1227: a single HTTP header for the last request sent return the value of
1228: that header and terminate these steps.</p></li>
1.58 avankest 1229:
1.96 avankest 1230: <li><p>Return <code>null</code>.</p></li>
1.58 avankest 1231: </ol>
1.12 avankest 1232:
1.1 avankest 1233: <div class="example">
1.58 avankest 1234: <pre><code>// The following script:
1.1 avankest 1235: var client = new XMLHttpRequest();
1.14 avankest 1236: client.open("GET", "test.txt", true);
1.5 avankest 1237: client.send();
1.12 avankest 1238: client.onreadystatechange = function() {
1.179 avankest 1239: if(this.readyState == 2) {
1.14 avankest 1240: print(client.getResponseHeader("Content-Type"));
1.12 avankest 1241: }
1242: }
1.1 avankest 1243:
1.5 avankest 1244: // ...should output something similar to the following text:
1.163 avankest 1245: text/plain; charset=utf-8</code></pre>
1.1 avankest 1246: </div>
1.5 avankest 1247: </dd>
1.12 avankest 1248:
1.131 avankest 1249: <dt><dfn id="responsetext"><code>responseText</code></dfn> of type
1.22 avankest 1250: <code>DOMString</code>, readonly</dt>
1.12 avankest 1251:
1.5 avankest 1252: <dd>
1.88 avankest 1253: <p>On getting, the user agent <em class="ct">must</em> run the following
1254: steps:</p>
1255:
1256: <ol>
1.169 avankest 1257: <li><p>If the state is not <span title="LOADING state">LOADING</span>
1258: or <span title="DONE state">DONE</span> return the empty string and
1259: terminate these steps.</p></li>
1.12 avankest 1260:
1.88 avankest 1261: <li><p>Return the <span>text response entity body</span>.</p></li>
1262: </ol>
1.5 avankest 1263: </dd>
1.12 avankest 1264:
1.131 avankest 1265: <dt><dfn id="responsexml"><code>responseXML</code></dfn> of type
1.22 avankest 1266: <code>Document</code>, readonly</dt>
1.12 avankest 1267:
1.8 avankest 1268: <dd>
1.75 avankest 1269: <p>On getting, the user agent <em class="ct">must</em> run the following
1270: steps:</p>
1.79 avankest 1271:
1.75 avankest 1272: <ol>
1.169 avankest 1273: <li><p>If the state is not <span title="DONE state">DONE</span> return
1274: <code>null</code> and terminate these steps.</p></li>
1.75 avankest 1275:
1.88 avankest 1276: <li><p>Return the <span>XML response entity body</span>.</p></li>
1.75 avankest 1277: </ol>
1.5 avankest 1278: </dd>
1.12 avankest 1279:
1.131 avankest 1280: <dt><dfn id="status"><code>status</code></dfn> of type <code>unsigned
1.22 avankest 1281: short</code>, readonly</dt>
1.12 avankest 1282:
1.5 avankest 1283: <dd>
1.72 avankest 1284: <p>On getting, if available, it <em class="ct">must</em> return the HTTP
1285: status code sent by the server (typically <code>200</code> for a
1286: successful request). Otherwise, if not available, the user agent
1287: <em class="ct">must</em> raise an <code>INVALID_STATE_ERR</code>
1288: exception.</p>
1.12 avankest 1289: </dd>
1290:
1.131 avankest 1291: <dt><dfn id="statustext"><code>statusText</code></dfn> of type
1.22 avankest 1292: <code>DOMString</code>, readonly</dt>
1.12 avankest 1293:
1.5 avankest 1294: <dd>
1.72 avankest 1295: <p>On getting, if available, it <em class="ct">must</em> return the HTTP
1296: status text sent by the server (appears after the status code). Otherwise,
1.179 avankest 1297: if not available (request is not initiated for instance), the user
1298: agent <em class="ct">must</em> raise an <code>INVALID_STATE_ERR</code>
1299: exception.</p>
1.1 avankest 1300: </dd>
1301: </dl>
1.12 avankest 1302:
1.121 avankest 1303:
1.31 avankest 1304: <h3 id="events">Events for the <code title="">XMLHttpRequest</code>
1305: Object</h3>
1.12 avankest 1306:
1.134 avankest 1307: <p>This section describes the various events that can be dispatched on
1308: objects implementing the <code>XMLHttpRequest</code> interface. For this
1.22 avankest 1309: version of the specification only one event is defined.</p>
1.12 avankest 1310:
1.1 avankest 1311: <dl>
1.131 avankest 1312: <dt><dfn id="readystatechange"><code>readystatechange</code></dfn></dt>
1.24 avankest 1313:
1.72 avankest 1314: <dd>When the user agent dispatches a <code title="">readystatechange</code>
1315: event (as indicated above) it <em class="ct">must not</em> bubble,
1316: <em class="ct">must not</em> be cancelable and <em class="ct">must</em>
1317: implement the <code>Event</code> interface. Its <code>namespaceURI</code>
1318: attribute <em class="ct">must</em> be <code>null</code>.
1.155 avankest 1319: [<cite><span>DOM2Events</span></cite>]</dd>
1.1 avankest 1320: </dl>
1.32 avankest 1321:
1.31 avankest 1322: <h3 id="exceptions">Exceptions for the <code title="">XMLHttpRequest</code>
1323: Object</h3>
1.138 avankest 1324:
1325: <p>Several algorithms in this specification may result in an exception
1326: being thrown. These exceptions are all part of the group
1327: <code>ExceptionCode</code> and use the <code>DOMException</code> object
1328: which is defined in DOM Level 3 Core. In addition this specification
1329: extends the <code>ExceptionCode</code> group with several new
1330: constants as indicated below. [<cite><span>DOM3Core</span></cite>]</p>
1.31 avankest 1331:
1.138 avankest 1332: <pre class="idl">const unsigned short <span>SECURITY_ERR</span> = 18;
1.121 avankest 1333: const unsigned short <span>NETWORK_ERR</span> = 101;
1334: const unsigned short <span>ABORT_ERR</span> = 102;</pre>
1.31 avankest 1335:
1.138 avankest 1336: <p>The <dfn id="security-err"><code>SECURITY_ERR</code></dfn> exception is
1337: raised if an attempt is made to perform an operation or access some data
1338: in a way that would be a security risk or a violation of the user agent's
1339: security policy.</p>
1340:
1341: <!-- http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/public-webapi/2006May/0027.html -->
1342:
1343: <p class="note">The <code title="">SECURITY_ERR</code> exception is
1344: expected to be eventually folded into an update of the the DOM Level 3
1345: Core specification with an equivalent definition and identical constant
1346: value. Until that happens it is defined here to guide implementors. (This
1.153 avankest 1347: is also the reason the constant value is not in line with the other
1.138 avankest 1348: exceptions.)</p>
1349:
1.33 avankest 1350: <p>The <dfn id="network-err"><code>NETWORK_ERR</code></dfn> exception is
1.138 avankest 1351: raised when a network error occurs in synchronous requests.</p>
1.121 avankest 1352:
1.138 avankest 1353: <p>The <dfn id="abort-err"><code>ABORT_ERR</code></dfn> exception is
1354: raised when the user aborts a request in synchronous requests.</p>
1.121 avankest 1355:
1356:
1.11 avankest 1357:
1.29 avankest 1358: <h2 class="no-num" id="notcovered">Not in this Specification</h2>
1359:
1.143 avankest 1360: <p><em>This section is non-normative.</em></p>
1.29 avankest 1361:
1.72 avankest 1362: <p>This specification does not include the following features which are
1363: being considered for a future version of this specification:</p>
1.29 avankest 1364:
1365: <ul>
1366: <li><code>load</code> event and <code>onload</code> attribute;</li>
1367: <li><code>error</code> event and <code>onerror</code> attribute;</li>
1368: <li><code>progress</code> event and <code>onprogress</code> attribute;</li>
1369: <li><code title="">abort</code> event and <code>onabort</code> attribute;</li>
1370: <li>Timers have been suggested, perhaps an <code>ontimeout</code>
1371: attribute;</li>
1372: <li>Property to disable following redirects;</li>
1.30 avankest 1373: <li><code title="">responseXML</code> for <code>text/html</code>
1374: documents;</li>
1.40 avankest 1375: <li>Cross-site <code title="">XMLHttpRequest</code>;</li>
1.87 avankest 1376: <li><code>responseBody</code> to deal with byte streams;</li>
1.114 avankest 1377: <li><code>overrideMimeType</code> to fix up MIME types;</li>
1.87 avankest 1378: <li><code>getRequestHeader()</code> and
1379: <code>removeRequestHeader()</code>.</li>
1.29 avankest 1380: </ul>
1381:
1.1 avankest 1382: <h2 class="no-num" id="bibref">References</h2>
1.177 avankest 1383:
1384: <p>Unless marked "Non-normative" these references are normative.</p>
1.11 avankest 1385:
1.6 avankest 1386: <dl>
1.155 avankest 1387: <dt>[<dfn id="ref-dom2events">DOM2Events</dfn>]</dt>
1388: <dd><cite><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/DOM-Level-2-Events/">Document
1.160 avankest 1389: Object Model (DOM) Level 2 Events Specification</a></cite>, T. Pixley,
1390: editor. W3C, November 2000.</dd>
1.155 avankest 1391:
1.145 avankest 1392: <dt>[<dfn id="ref-dom3core">DOM3Core</dfn>]</dt>
1.11 avankest 1393: <dd><cite><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/DOM-Level-3-Core">Document Object
1.92 avankest 1394: Model (DOM) Level 3 Core Specification</a></cite>, A. Le Hors, P. Le
1.139 avankest 1395: Hégaret, L. Wood, G. Nicol, J. Robie, M. Champion, S. Byrne,
1396: editors. W3C, April 2004.</dd>
1.11 avankest 1397:
1.117 avankest 1398: <dt>[<dfn id="ref-ecmascript">ECMAScript</dfn>]</dt>
1.92 avankest 1399: <dd><cite><a href="http://www.ecma-international.org/publications/standards/Ecma-262.htm">ECMAScript
1400: Language Specification</a></cite>, Third Edition. ECMA, December 1999.</dd>
1.171 avankest 1401:
1.145 avankest 1402: <dt>[<dfn id="ref-html5">HTML5</dfn>]</dt>
1.171 avankest 1403: <dd><cite><a href="http://www.w3.org/html/wg/html5/">HTML 5</a></cite>
1404: (work in progress), I. Hickson, D. Hyatt, editors. W3C, 2008.</dd>
1.142 avankest 1405: <dd><cite><a href="http://www.whatwg.org/specs/web-apps/current-work/">HTML 5</a></cite>
1.171 avankest 1406: (work in progress), I. Hickson, editor. WHATWG, 2008.</dd>
1.177 avankest 1407:
1408: <dt>[<dfn id="ref-httponly">HTTPONLY</dfn>]</dt>
1409: <dd>(Non-normative) <cite><a href="http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms533046.aspx">Mitigating
1410: Cross-site Scripting With HTTP-only Cookies</a></cite>, MSDN.</dd>
1.14 avankest 1411:
1.178 avankest 1412: <dt>[<dfn id="ref-rfc2109">RFC2109</dfn>]</dt>
1413:
1414: <dd><cite><a href="http://ietf.org/rfc/rfc2109">HTTP State Management
1415: Mechanism</a></cite>, D. Kristol, L. Montulli, editors. IETF, February
1416: 1997.</dd>
1417:
1.145 avankest 1418: <dt>[<dfn id="ref-rfc2119">RFC2119</dfn>]</dt>
1.117 avankest 1419: <dd><cite><a href="http://ietf.org/rfc/rfc2119">Key words for use in RFCs to
1420: Indicate Requirement Levels</a></cite>, S. Bradner. IETF, March 1997.</dd>
1.12 avankest 1421:
1.145 avankest 1422: <dt>[<dfn id="ref-rfc2616">RFC2616</dfn>]</dt>
1.11 avankest 1423: <dd><cite><a href="http://ietf.org/rfc/rfc2616">Hypertext Transfer Protocol
1.92 avankest 1424: -- HTTP/1.1</a></cite>, R. Fielding, J. Gettys, J. Mogul, H. Frystyk, L.
1425: Masinter, P. Leach, T. Berners-Lee, editors. IETF, June 1999.</dd>
1.12 avankest 1426:
1.37 avankest 1427: <dt>[<dfn id="ref-rfc2617">RFC2617</dfn>]</dt>
1.11 avankest 1428: <dd><cite><a href="http://ietf.org/rfc/rfc2617">HTTP Authentication: Basic
1.92 avankest 1429: and Digest Access Authentication</a></cite>, P. Hallam-Baker, J.
1430: Hostetler, S. Lawrence, P. Leach, A. Luotonen, L. Stewart, editors. IETF,
1431: June 1999.</dd>
1.12 avankest 1432:
1.37 avankest 1433: <dt>[<dfn id="ref-rfc2965">RFC2965</dfn>]</dt>
1.19 avankest 1434: <dd><cite><a href="http://ietf.org/rfc/rfc2965">HTTP State Management
1.92 avankest 1435: Mechanism</a></cite>, D. Kristol, L. Montulli, editors. IETF, October
1436: 2000.</dd>
1.19 avankest 1437:
1.37 avankest 1438: <dt>[<dfn id="ref-rfc3986">RFC3986</dfn>]</dt>
1.11 avankest 1439: <dd><cite><a href="http://ietf.org/rfc/rfc3986">Uniform Resource Identifier
1.92 avankest 1440: (URI): Generic Syntax</a></cite>, T. Berners-Lee, R. Fielding, L. Masinter,
1441: editors. IETF, January 2005.</dd>
1.141 avankest 1442:
1443: <dt>[<dfn id="ref-rfc3987">RFC3987</dfn>]</dt>
1444: <dd><cite><a href="http://ietf.org/rfc/rfc3987">Internationalized
1445: Resource Identifiers (IRIs)</a></cite>, M. Duerst, M. Suignard, editors.
1446: IETF, January 2005.</dd>
1.28 avankest 1447:
1.92 avankest 1448: <dt>[<dfn id="ref-xml">XML</dfn>]</dt>
1449: <dd><cite><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xml/">Extensible Markup Language
1450: (XML) 1.0 (Fourth Edition)</a></cite>, T. Bray, J. Paoli, C.
1.117 avankest 1451: Sperberg-McQueen, E. Maler, F. Yergeau, editors. W3C, September 2006.</dd>
1.41 avankest 1452:
1.92 avankest 1453: <dt>[<dfn id="ref-xmlns">XMLNS</dfn>]</dt>
1454: <dd><cite><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xml-names/">Namespaces in XML
1.117 avankest 1455: (Second Edition)</a></cite>, T. Bray, D. Hollander, A. Layman, R. Tobin,
1456: editors. W3C, August 2006.</dd>
1.1 avankest 1457: </dl>
1.11 avankest 1458:
1.130 avankest 1459: <h2 class="no-num" id="acknowledgments">Acknowledgments</h2>
1.11 avankest 1460:
1.159 avankest 1461: <p>The editor would like to thank
1.12 avankest 1462:
1.163 avankest 1463: Addison Phillips,
1.159 avankest 1464: Ahmed Kamel,
1465: Alex Hopmann,
1466: Alex Vincent,
1467: Alexey Proskuryakov,
1468: Asbjørn Ulsberg,
1469: Boris Zbarsky,
1470: Björn Höhrmann,
1471: Cameron McCormack,
1472: Christophe Jolif,
1473: Charles McCathieNevile,
1474: Dan Winship,
1475: David Håsäther,
1476: Dean Jackson,
1477: Denis Sureau,
1478: Doug Schepers,
1479: Douglas Livingstone,
1480: Elliotte Harold,
1481: Eric Lawrence,
1.163 avankest 1482: Geoffrey Sneddon,
1.159 avankest 1483: Gideon Cohn,
1484: Gorm Haug Eriksen,
1485: Hallvord R. M. Steen,
1486: Håkon Wium Lie,
1487: Ian Davis,
1488: Ian Hickson,
1489: Ivan Herman,
1490: Jeff Walden,
1491: Jens Lindström,
1492: Jim Deegan,
1493: Jim Ley,
1494: Joe Farro,
1495: Jonas Sicking,
1496: Julian Reschke,
1497: Karl Dubost,
1.175 avankest 1498: Lachlan Hunt,
1.159 avankest 1499: Maciej Stachowiak,
1500: Magnus Kristiansen,
1501: Marc Hadley,
1502: Marcos Caceres,
1503: Mark Baker,
1504: Mark Nottingham,
1505: Mohamed Zergaoui,
1506: Pawel Glowacki,
1507: Robin Berjon,
1508: Ruud Steltenpool,
1509: Simon Pieters,
1510: Stewart Brodie,
1511: Sunava Dutta,
1512: Tom Magliery and
1513: Zhenbin Xu
1514:
1515: for their contributions to this specification.</p>
1.12 avankest 1516:
1.1 avankest 1517: <p>Special thanks to the Microsoft employees who first implemented the
1.143 avankest 1518: <code title="">XMLHttpRequest</code> interface, which was first widely
1519: deployed by the Windows Internet Explorer browser.</p>
1.12 avankest 1520:
1.143 avankest 1521: <p>Special thanks also to the WHATWG for drafting an initial version of
1522: this specification in their Web Applications 1.0 document (now renamed to
1523: HTML 5). [<cite><span>HTML5</span></cite>]</p>
1.12 avankest 1524:
1.143 avankest 1525: <p>Thanks also to all those who have helped to improve this specification
1526: by sending suggestions and corrections. (Please, keep bugging us with your
1.22 avankest 1527: issues!)</p>
1.1 avankest 1528: </body>
1529: </html>
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