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4: <title>The XMLHttpRequest Object</title>
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1.147 avankest 23: <link rel="stylesheet" href="http://www.w3.org/StyleSheets/TR/W3C-[STATUS]">
1.1 avankest 24: </head>
25: <body>
26: <div class="head">
27: <p><a href="http://www.w3.org/"><img height="48" width="72" alt="W3C" src="http://www.w3.org/Icons/w3c_home"></a></p>
1.12 avankest 28:
1.156 avankest 29: <h1 class="head" id="the-xmlhttprequest-object">The
30: <code title="">XMLHttpRequest</code> Object</h1>
1.12 avankest 31:
1.149 avankest 32: <h2 class="no-num no-toc" id="w3c-doctype">[LONGSTATUS] [DATE: 3 August 2002]</h2>
1.12 avankest 33:
1.1 avankest 34: <dl>
1.10 avankest 35: <dt>This Version:</dt>
1.173 ! avankest 36: <dd><a href="[VERSION]/">http://www.w3.org/TR/[YEAR]/ED-XMLHttpRequest-[CDATE]/</a></dd>
1.14 avankest 37:
1.10 avankest 38: <dt>Latest Version:</dt>
1.1 avankest 39: <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/XMLHttpRequest/">http://www.w3.org/TR/XMLHttpRequest/</a></dd>
1.14 avankest 40:
1.10 avankest 41: <dt>Previous Versions:</dt>
1.173 ! avankest 42: <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2008/WD-XMLHttpRequest-20080415/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2008/WD-XMLHttpRequest-20080415/</a></dd>
1.154 avankest 43: <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2007/WD-XMLHttpRequest-20071026/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2007/WD-XMLHttpRequest-20071026/</a></dd>
1.133 avankest 44: <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2007/WD-XMLHttpRequest-20070618/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2007/WD-XMLHttpRequest-20070618/</a></dd>
1.58 avankest 45: <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2007/WD-XMLHttpRequest-20070227/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2007/WD-XMLHttpRequest-20070227/</a></dd>
1.22 avankest 46: <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/WD-XMLHttpRequest-20060927/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/WD-XMLHttpRequest-20060927/</a></dd>
1.1 avankest 47: <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/WD-XMLHttpRequest-20060619/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/WD-XMLHttpRequest-20060619/</a></dd>
48: <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/WD-XMLHttpRequest-20060405/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/WD-XMLHttpRequest-20060405/</a></dd>
1.14 avankest 49:
1.1 avankest 50: <dt>Editor:</dt>
51: <dd><a href="http://annevankesteren.nl/">Anne van Kesteren</a>
52: (<a href="http://www.opera.com/">Opera Software ASA</a>)
53: <<a href="mailto:annevk@opera.com">annevk@opera.com</a>></dd>
54: </dl>
1.14 avankest 55:
1.1 avankest 56: <p class="copyright"><a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#Copyright">Copyright</a>
1.51 avankest 57: © 2007
58: <a href="http://www.w3.org/"><acronym title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</acronym></a><sup>®</sup>
59: (<a href="http://www.csail.mit.edu/"><acronym title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">MIT</acronym></a>,
60: <a href="http://www.ercim.org/"><acronym title="European Research Consortium for Informatics and Mathematics">ERCIM</acronym></a>,
61: <a href="http://www.keio.ac.jp/">Keio</a>), All Rights Reserved. W3C
62: <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#Legal_Disclaimer">liability</a>,
63: <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#W3C_Trademarks">trademark</a>
64: and
65: <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/copyright-documents">document
66: use</a> rules apply.</p>
1.1 avankest 67: </div>
1.12 avankest 68:
1.1 avankest 69: <hr>
1.12 avankest 70:
1.1 avankest 71: <h2 class="no-num no-toc" id="specabstract">Abstract</h2>
1.10 avankest 72:
1.22 avankest 73: <p>The <code title="">XMLHttpRequest</code> Object specification defines an
74: <abbr title="Application Programming Interface">API</abbr> that provides
75: scripted client functionality for transferring data between a client and a
76: server.</p>
1.12 avankest 77:
1.1 avankest 78: <h2 class="no-num no-toc" id="sotd">Status of this Document</h2>
1.12 avankest 79:
1.1 avankest 80: <p><em>This section describes the status of this document at the time of its
1.36 avankest 81: publication. Other documents may supersede this document. A list of current
82: W3C publications and the latest revision of this technical report can be
83: found in the <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/">W3C technical reports index</a>
1.117 avankest 84: at http://www.w3.org/TR/.</em></p>
1.36 avankest 85:
1.172 avankest 86: <p>This is the [DATE: 3 August 2002] Last Call Working Draft of The
1.147 avankest 87: <code title="">XMLHttpRequest</code> Object specification. Please send
88: comments to <a href="mailto:public-webapi@w3.org">public-webapi@w3.org</a>
1.47 avankest 89: (<a href="http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/public-webapi/">archived</a>)
1.172 avankest 90: with either <samp>[XHR]</samp> or <samp title="">[XMLHttpRequest]</samp>
91: at the start of the subject line before befor 2 June 2008.</p>
1.51 avankest 92:
1.47 avankest 93: <p>This document is produced by the
94: <a href="http://www.w3.org/2006/webapi/">Web API Working Group</a>, part of
95: the <a href="http://www.w3.org/2006/rwc/Activity">Rich Web Clients
96: Activity</a> in the W3C <a href="http://www.w3.org/Interaction/">Interaction
1.51 avankest 97: Domain</a>. Changes made to this document can be found in the
1.47 avankest 98: <a href="http://dev.w3.org/cvsweb/2006/webapi/XMLHttpRequest/Overview.html">W3C
1.117 avankest 99: public CVS server</a>.</p>
1.12 avankest 100:
1.1 avankest 101: <p>Publication as a Working Draft does not imply endorsement by the W3C
1.36 avankest 102: Membership. This is a draft document and may be updated, replaced or
103: obsoleted by other documents at any time. It is inappropriate to cite this
104: document as other than work in progress.</p>
1.12 avankest 105:
1.1 avankest 106: <p>This document was produced by a group operating under the
1.36 avankest 107: <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Patent-Policy-20040205/">5 February
1.52 avankest 108: 2004 W3C Patent Policy</a>. W3C maintains a
1.36 avankest 109: <a rel="disclosure" href="http://www.w3.org/2004/01/pp-impl/38482/status">public
110: list of any patent disclosures</a> made in connection with the deliverables
111: of the group; that page also includes instructions for disclosing a patent.
112: An individual who has actual knowledge of a patent which the individual
113: believes contains
114: <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Patent-Policy-20040205/#def-essential">Essential
115: Claim(s)</a> must disclose the information in accordance with
116: <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Patent-Policy-20040205/#sec-Disclosure">section
117: 6 of the W3C Patent Policy</a>.</p>
1.12 avankest 118:
1.1 avankest 119: <h2 class="no-num no-toc" id="toc">Table of Contents</h2>
1.21 avankest 120:
1.1 avankest 121: <!--toc-->
1.12 avankest 122:
1.1 avankest 123: <h2 id="introduction">Introduction</h2>
1.12 avankest 124:
1.1 avankest 125: <p><em>This section is non-normative.</em></p>
1.12 avankest 126:
1.33 avankest 127: <p>The <code>XMLHttpRequest</code> object implements an interface exposed by
128: a scripting engine that allows scripts to perform HTTP client functionality,
1.22 avankest 129: such as submitting form data or loading data from a server.</p>
1.24 avankest 130:
1.1 avankest 131: <p>The name of the object is <code>XMLHttpRequest</code> for compatibility
1.127 avankest 132: with the Web, though each component of this name is potentially misleading.
1.39 avankest 133: First, the object supports any text based format, including XML. Second, it
134: can be used to make requests over both HTTP and HTTPS (some implementations
135: support protocols in addition to HTTP and HTTPS, but that functionality is
136: not covered by this specification). Finally, it supports "requests" in a
137: broad sense of the term as it pertains to HTTP; namely all activity involved
138: with HTTP requests or responses for the defined HTTP methods.</p>
1.12 avankest 139:
1.14 avankest 140: <div class="example">
141: <p>Some simple code to do something with data from an XML document fetched
1.22 avankest 142: over the network:</p>
1.16 avankest 143:
1.58 avankest 144: <pre><code>function test(data) {
1.14 avankest 145: // taking care of data
146: }
147:
148: function handler() {
1.117 avankest 149: if(this.readyState == 4 && this.status == 200) {
1.14 avankest 150: // so far so good
1.117 avankest 151: if(this.responseXML != null && this.responseXML.getElementById('test').firstChild.data)
152: // success!
1.14 avankest 153: test(this.responseXML.getElementById('test').firstChild.data);
154: else
155: test(null);
1.117 avankest 156: } else if (this.readyState == 4 && this.status != 200) {
1.14 avankest 157: // fetched the wrong page or network error...
158: test(null);
159: }
160: }
1.12 avankest 161:
1.14 avankest 162: var client = new XMLHttpRequest();
163: client.onreadystatechange = handler;
164: client.open("GET", "test.xml");
1.58 avankest 165: client.send();</code></pre>
1.16 avankest 166:
1.56 avankest 167: <p>If you just want to log a message to the server:</p>
1.16 avankest 168:
1.58 avankest 169: <pre><code>function log(message) {
1.14 avankest 170: var client = new XMLHttpRequest();
1.56 avankest 171: client.open("POST", "/log");
1.57 avankest 172: client.setRequestHeader("Content-Type", "text/plain;charset=UTF-8");
1.14 avankest 173: client.send(message);
1.58 avankest 174: }</code></pre>
1.16 avankest 175:
1.14 avankest 176: <p>Or if you want to check the status of a document on the server:</p>
1.16 avankest 177:
1.58 avankest 178: <pre><code>function fetchStatus(address) {
1.14 avankest 179: var client = new XMLHttpRequest();
180: client.onreadystatechange = function() {
181: // in case of network errors this might not give reliable results
182: if(this.readyState == 4)
183: returnStatus(this.status);
184: }
185: client.open("HEAD", address);
186: client.send();
1.58 avankest 187: }</code></pre>
1.14 avankest 188: </div>
1.12 avankest 189:
1.153 avankest 190: <h2 id="conformance">Conformance</h2>
1.12 avankest 191:
1.27 avankest 192: <p>Everything in this specification is normative except for diagrams,
193: examples, notes and sections marked non-normative.</p>
1.12 avankest 194:
1.1 avankest 195: <p>The key words <em class="ct">must</em>, <em class="ct">must not</em>,
1.74 avankest 196: <em class="ct">should</em> and <em class="ct">may</em> in this document are
197: to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119.
198: [<cite><span>RFC2119</span></cite>]</p>
1.12 avankest 199:
1.1 avankest 200: <p>This specification defines the following classes of products:</p>
1.12 avankest 201:
1.1 avankest 202: <dl>
1.74 avankest 203: <dt><dfn id="conforming-user-agent">Conforming user agent</dfn></dt>
1.24 avankest 204:
1.74 avankest 205: <dd>
206: <p>A user agent <em class="ct">must</em> behave as described in this
1.106 avankest 207: specification in order to be considered conformant.</p>
1.95 avankest 208:
1.140 avankest 209: <p>If the user agent is not a conforming XML user agent the <span>XML
210: response entity body</span> <em class="ct">must</em> (always) be
211: <code>null</code>.</p>
212:
213: <p>User agents <em class="ct">may</em> implement algorithms given in
214: this specification in any way desired, so long as the end result is
215: indistinguishable from the result that would be obtained by the
216: specification's algorithms.</p>
1.110 avankest 217:
1.95 avankest 218: <p class="note">This specification uses both the terms "conforming user
219: agent(s)" and "user agent(s)" to refer to this product class.</p>
1.74 avankest 220: </dd>
1.110 avankest 221:
1.94 avankest 222: <dt><dfn id="conforming-xml-user-agent">Conforming XML user agent</dfn></dt>
1.110 avankest 223:
1.163 avankest 224: <dd><p>An XML user agent <em class="ct">must</em> be a <span>conforming
225: user agent</span> and <em class="ct">must</em> be a conforming XML
226: processor that reports violations of namespace well-formedness.
227: [<cite><span>XML</span></cite>]
1.140 avankest 228: [<cite><span>XMLNS</span></cite>]</p></dd>
1.1 avankest 229: </dl>
1.32 avankest 230:
1.153 avankest 231: <h3 id="dependencies">Dependencies</h3>
1.33 avankest 232:
1.29 avankest 233: <p>This specification relies on several underlying specifications.</p>
234: <dl>
235: <dt>DOM</dt>
1.33 avankest 236:
1.155 avankest 237: <dd><p>A <span title="conforming user agent">conforming user agent</span>
238: <em class="ct">must</em> support some subset of the functionality
239: defined in DOM Events and DOM Core that this specification relies upon.
240: [<cite><span>DOM2Events</span></cite>]
241: [<cite><span>DOM3Core</span></cite>]</p></dd>
1.29 avankest 242:
1.161 avankest 243: <dt>HTML 5</dt>
244:
245: <dd>
246: <p>This specification depends on HTML 5 for defining the
247: <code>Window</code> object and finding the character encoding of a
248: <code>text/html</code> resource. A <span>conforming user agent</span>
249: <em class="ct">must</em> support these features.
250: [<cite><span>HTML5</span></cite>]</p>
251:
252: <p class="note">The
253: <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/WD-Window-20060407/">Window Object
254: 1.0</a> draft is not referenced normatively as it appears to be no
255: longer maintained and HTML 5 defines the <code>Window</code> object
256: in more detail. This specification already depends on HTML 5 for
257: other reasons so there is not much additional overhead because of
258: this.</p>
259:
1.29 avankest 260: <dt>HTTP</dt>
1.33 avankest 261:
1.29 avankest 262: <dd>
1.155 avankest 263: <p>A <span>conforming user agent</span>
1.126 avankest 264: <em class="ct">must</em> support some version of the HTTP protocol. It
265: <em class="ct">should</em> support any HTTP method that matches the
1.149 avankest 266: <span><code>Method</code> production</span> and <em class="ct">must</em>
267: at least support the following methods:</p>
1.58 avankest 268:
269: <ul>
270: <li><code>GET</code></li>
271: <li><code>POST</code></li>
272: <li><code>HEAD</code></li>
273: <li><code>PUT</code></li>
274: <li><code>DELETE</code></li>
275: <li><code>OPTIONS</code></li>
276: </ul>
1.135 avankest 277:
1.58 avankest 278: <p>Other requirements regarding HTTP are made throughout the
1.39 avankest 279: specification. [<cite><span>RFC2616</span></cite>]</p>
1.29 avankest 280: </dd>
281: </dl>
1.12 avankest 282:
1.157 avankest 283:
1.153 avankest 284: <h3 id="terminology">Terminology</h3>
1.12 avankest 285:
1.80 avankest 286: <p>There is a <dfn id="case-insensitive-match">case-insensitive match</dfn>
1.153 avankest 287: of strings <var>s1</var> and <var>s2</var> if after mapping the ASCII
288: character range A-Z to the range a-z both strings are identical.</p>
1.144 avankest 289:
1.141 avankest 290: <p>Two URIs are <dfn id="same-origin">same-origin</dfn> if after
291: performing scheme-based normalization on both URIs as described in section
1.143 avankest 292: 5.3.3 of RFC 3987 the scheme, ihost and port components are
1.153 avankest 293: identical. If either URI does not have an ihost component the URIs
1.148 avankest 294: <em class="ct">must not</em> be considered same-origin.
1.147 avankest 295: [<cite><span>RFC3987</span></cite>]</p>
1.155 avankest 296:
1.157 avankest 297: <p>The terms <dfn id="origin">origin</dfn> and
298: <dfn id="event-handler-attribute">event handler DOM attribute</dfn> are
299: defined by the HTML 5 specification.
300: [<cite><span>HTML5</span></cite>]</p>
1.155 avankest 301:
1.80 avankest 302:
1.153 avankest 303: <h3 id="extensibility">Extensibility</h3>
1.12 avankest 304:
1.81 avankest 305: <p>Extensions of the API defined by this specification are <em>strongly
1.22 avankest 306: discouraged</em>. User agents, Working Groups and other interested parties
1.33 avankest 307: should discuss extensions on a relevant public forum, preferably
1.22 avankest 308: <a href="mailto:public-webapi@w3.org">public-webapi@w3.org</a>.</p>
1.12 avankest 309:
1.153 avankest 310:
1.157 avankest 311:
1.153 avankest 312: <h2 id="security">Security Considerations</h2>
313:
1.154 avankest 314: <p>Apart from requirements affecting security made throughout this
315: specification implementations <em class="ct">may</em>, at their
1.158 avankest 316: discretion, not expose certain headers, such as HttpOnly cookies.</p>
1.153 avankest 317:
318:
1.157 avankest 319:
1.153 avankest 320: <h2 id="xmlhttprequest">The <code title="">XMLHttpRequest</code>
321: Object</h2>
1.12 avankest 322:
1.58 avankest 323: <p>The <code>XMLHttpRequest</code> object can be used by scripts to
1.22 avankest 324: programmatically connect to their originating server via HTTP.</p>
1.12 avankest 325:
1.1 avankest 326: <p>Objects implementing the <code>XMLHttpRequest</code> interface
1.22 avankest 327: <em class="ct">must</em> also implement the <code>EventTarget</code>
1.155 avankest 328: interface. [<cite><span>DOM2Events</span></cite>]</p>
1.12 avankest 329:
1.58 avankest 330: <p>Objects implementing the <code title="">Window</code> interface
331: <em class="ct">must</em> provide an <code title="">XMLHttpRequest()</code>
1.155 avankest 332: constructor. [<cite><span>HTML5</span></cite>]</p>
1.12 avankest 333:
1.1 avankest 334: <div class="example">
1.58 avankest 335: <p>In ECMAScript this can be used as follows:</p>
336:
337: <pre><code>var client = new XMLHttpRequest();</code></pre>
1.1 avankest 338: </div>
1.12 avankest 339:
1.150 avankest 340: <p>When the <code title="">XMLHttpRequest()</code> constructor is invoked
1.157 avankest 341: a persistent pointer to the associated <code title="">Document</code>
342: object is stored on the newly created object. This is the
343: <dfn title="Document pointer" id="document-pointer"><code>Document</code>
344: pointer</dfn>. The associated <code>Document</code> object is the one
345: returned by the <code>document</code> attribute from the object on which
346: the <code title="">XMLHttpRequest()</code> constructor was invoked (a
347: <code>Window</code> object). The pointer can become "null" if the
348: object is destroyed.</p>
349:
350: <p class="note">As per the conformance criteria implementations are free
351: to implement this in any way they desire as long as the end results are
352: identical to those given by the English prose.</p>
1.27 avankest 353:
1.58 avankest 354: <div class="example">
1.157 avankest 355: <p>If <var><code>iframe</code></var> is a <code title="">Window</code>
356: object <var><code>client</code></var> will have a pointer to
357: <var><code>iframe.document</code></var> in the following example:</p>
1.58 avankest 358:
1.157 avankest 359: <pre><code>var client = new iframe.XMLHttpRequest()</code></pre>
1.58 avankest 360: </div>
1.12 avankest 361:
1.58 avankest 362: <pre class="idl">interface <dfn id="xmlhttprequest-object">XMLHttpRequest</dfn> {
363: // event handler
1.70 avankest 364: attribute EventListener <span>onreadystatechange</span>;
1.58 avankest 365:
366: // state
1.71 avankest 367: const unsigned short <span title="UNSENT state">UNSENT</span> = 0;
1.134 avankest 368: const unsigned short <span title="OPENED state">OPENED</span> = 1;
1.123 avankest 369: const unsigned short <span title="HEADERS_RECEIVED state">HEADERS_RECEIVED</span> = 2;
1.86 avankest 370: const unsigned short <span title="LOADING state">LOADING</span> = 3;
1.117 avankest 371: const unsigned short <span title="DONE state">DONE</span> = 4;
1.70 avankest 372: readonly attribute unsigned short <span>readyState</span>;
1.58 avankest 373:
374: // request
1.70 avankest 375: void <span>open</span>(in DOMString <var>method</var>, in DOMString <var>url</var>);
376: void <span>open</span>(in DOMString <var>method</var>, in DOMString <var>url</var>, in boolean <var>async</var>);
377: void <span>open</span>(in DOMString <var>method</var>, in DOMString <var>url</var>, in boolean <var>async</var>, in DOMString <var>user</var>);
378: void <span>open</span>(in DOMString <var>method</var>, in DOMString <var>url</var>, in boolean <var>async</var>, in DOMString <var>user</var>, in DOMString <var>password</var>);
379: void <span>setRequestHeader</span>(in DOMString <var>header</var>, in DOMString <var>value</var>);
380: void <span>send</span>();
381: void <span>send</span>(in DOMString <var>data</var>);
382: void <span>send</span>(in Document <var>data</var>);
383: void <span>abort</span>();
1.58 avankest 384:
385: // response
1.70 avankest 386: DOMString <span>getAllResponseHeaders</span>();
387: DOMString <span>getResponseHeader</span>(in DOMString <var>header</var>);
388: readonly attribute DOMString <span>responseText</span>;
389: readonly attribute Document <span>responseXML</span>;
390: readonly attribute unsigned short <span>status</span>;
391: readonly attribute DOMString <span>statusText</span>;
1.1 avankest 392: };</pre>
1.8 avankest 393:
1.58 avankest 394: <p>The <code>XMLHttpRequest</code> object can be in five states:
1.71 avankest 395: <span title="UNSENT state">UNSENT</span>,
1.134 avankest 396: <span title="OPENED state">OPENED</span>,
1.123 avankest 397: <span title="HEADERS_RECEIVED state">HEADERS_RECEIVED</span>,
1.86 avankest 398: <span title="LOADING state">LOADING</span> and
1.79 avankest 399: <span title="DONE state">DONE</span>. The current state is exposed through
400: the <code>readyState</code> attribute. The method definitions below define
401: when a state transition takes place.</p>
1.58 avankest 402:
403: <p>When constructed, the <code>XMLHttpRequest</code> object
1.71 avankest 404: <em class="ct">must</em> be in the UNSENT state. This state is represented
1.134 avankest 405: by the <dfn id="unsent-state" title="UNSENT state"><code>UNSENT</code></dfn>
1.58 avankest 406: constant, whose value is <code>0</code>.</p>
407:
1.134 avankest 408: <p>The OPENED state is the state of the object when the <code>open()</code>
1.92 avankest 409: method has been successfully invoked. During this state request headers can
1.58 avankest 410: be set using <code>setRequestHeader()</code> and the request can be made
411: using <code>send()</code>. This state is represented by the
1.134 avankest 412: <dfn id="opened-state" title="OPENED state"><code>OPENED</code></dfn> constant,
1.131 avankest 413: whose value is <code>1</code>.</p>
1.58 avankest 414:
1.134 avankest 415: <p>The OPENED state has an associated <dfn id="send-flag"><code>send()</code>
1.104 avankest 416: flag</dfn> which can be either "true" or "false". The initial value of the
417: <code title="">send()</code> flag is "false".</p>
1.87 avankest 418:
1.123 avankest 419: <p>The HEADERS_RECEIVED state is the state of the object when all response
420: headers have been received. This state is represented by the
1.131 avankest 421: <dfn id="headers-received-state" title="HEADERS_RECEIVED state"><code>HEADERS_RECEIVED</code></dfn>
1.123 avankest 422: constant, whose value is <code>2</code>.</p>
423:
424: <p>The LOADING state is the state of the object when the response entity body
425: is being received. This state is represented by the
1.131 avankest 426: <dfn id="loading-state" title="LOADING state"><code>LOADING</code></dfn> constant,
1.86 avankest 427: whose value is <code>3</code>.</p>
1.58 avankest 428:
1.79 avankest 429: <p>The DONE state is the state of the object when either the data transfer
1.58 avankest 430: has been completed or something went wrong during the transfer (infinite
431: redirects for instance). This state is represented by the
1.131 avankest 432: <dfn id="done-state" title="DONE state"><code>DONE</code></dfn> constant,
433: whose value is <code>4</code>.</p>
1.90 avankest 434:
1.124 avankest 435: <p>The DONE state has an associated <dfn id="error-flag">error flag</dfn>
436: which can be either "true" or "false". The initial value of the error flag is
437: "false".</p>
438:
1.88 avankest 439: <p>The <dfn id="response-entity-body">response entity body</dfn> is the
440: fragment of the <span>entity body</span> received so far (LOADING state) or
441: the complete entity body (DONE state). If there is no entity body the
442: response entity body is "null".</p>
443:
444: <p>The <dfn id="text-response-entity-body">text response entity body</dfn>
1.169 avankest 445: is a <code>DOMString</code> representing the <span>response entity
446: body</span>. The text response entity body is the return value of the
447: following algorithm:</p>
1.90 avankest 448:
1.88 avankest 449: <ol>
1.167 avankest 450: <li><p>If the response entity body is "null" return the empty string and
1.107 avankest 451: terminate these steps.</p>
1.90 avankest 452:
1.113 avankest 453: <li><p>Let <var>charset</var> be "null".</p></li>
1.90 avankest 454:
455: <li><p>If there is no <code>Content-Type</code> header or there is a
456: <code>Content-Type</code> header which contains a MIME type that is
1.116 avankest 457: <code>text/xml</code>, <code>application/xml</code> or ends in
1.167 avankest 458: <code title="">+xml</code> (ignoring any parameters) use the rules set
459: forth in the XML specifications to determine the character encoding. Let
1.116 avankest 460: <var>charset</var> be the determined character encoding.</p></li>
1.90 avankest 461:
1.145 avankest 462: <li><p>If there is a <code>Content-Type</code> header which contains a
463: <code>text/html</code> MIME type follow the rules set forth in the
464: HTML 5 specification to determine the character encoding. Let
465: <var>charset</var> be the determined character encoding.
466: [<cite><span>HTML5</span></cite>]</p></li>
1.118 avankest 467:
1.115 avankest 468: <li>
1.140 avankest 469: <p>If the MIME type specified by the <code>Content-Type</code> header
470: contains a <code>charset</code> parameter and <var>charset</var> is
471: "null" let <var>charset</var> be the value of that parameter.</p>
1.118 avankest 472:
1.145 avankest 473: <p class="note">The algorithms described by the XML and HTML
474: specifications already take <code>Content-Type</code> into account.</p>
1.115 avankest 475: </li>
1.118 avankest 476:
1.111 avankest 477: <li>
478: <!-- This stuff is copied from HTML5. Thanks Hixie! -->
1.113 avankest 479: <p>If <var>charset</var> is "null" then, for each of the rows in the
1.127 avankest 480: following table, starting with the first one and going down, if the first
481: bytes of <var>bytes</var> match the bytes given in the first column, then
482: let <var>charset</var> be the encoding given in the cell in the second
483: column of that row. If there is no match <var>charset</var> remains
484: "null".</p>
1.117 avankest 485:
486: <table>
487: <thead>
488: <tr>
1.111 avankest 489: <th>Bytes in Hexadecimal
490: <th>Description
1.117 avankest 491: <tbody>
492: <tr>
1.111 avankest 493: <td>00 00 FE FF
1.117 avankest 494: <td>UTF-32BE BOM
495: <tr>
496: <td>FF FE 00 00
497: <td>UTF-32LE BOM
498: <tr>
499: <td>FE FF
500: <td>UTF-16BE BOM
501: <tr>
502: <td>FF FE
503: <td>UTF-16LE BOM
504: <tr>
505: <td>EF BB BF
506: <td>UTF-8 BOM<!-- nobody uses this
507: <tr>
508: <td>DD 73 66 73
509: <td>UTF-EBCDIC
510: -->
511: </table>
1.111 avankest 512: </li>
513:
1.113 avankest 514: <li><p>If <var>charset</var> is "null" let <var>charset</var> be
515: UTF-8.</p></li>
516:
1.107 avankest 517: <li><p>Return the result of decoding the response entity body using
1.167 avankest 518: <var>charset</var>. Replace bytes or sequences of bytes that are not
1.173 ! avankest 519: valid according to the <var>charset</var> with a single U+FFFD
1.167 avankest 520: character.</p></li>
1.88 avankest 521: </ol>
1.90 avankest 522:
1.163 avankest 523: <p class="note">Authors are encouraged to simply encode their resources
524: using UTF-8.</p>
525:
1.88 avankest 526: <p>The <dfn id="xml-response-entity-body">XML response entity body</dfn> is
1.107 avankest 527: either a <code>Document</code> representing the <span>response entity
1.126 avankest 528: body</span> or <code>null</code>. The XML response entity body is the return
529: value of the following algorithm:</p>
1.90 avankest 530:
1.88 avankest 531: <ol>
1.107 avankest 532: <li><p>If the response entity body is "null" terminate these steps and
533: return <code>null</code>.</p></li>
1.88 avankest 534:
1.103 avankest 535: <li><p>If a <code>Content-Type</code> is present and it does not contain a
536: MIME type (ignoring any parameters) that is <code>text/xml</code>,
1.116 avankest 537: <code>application/xml</code> or ends in <code title="">+xml</code> terminate
538: these steps and return <code>null</code>. (Do not terminate these steps if
539: there is no <code>Content-Type</code> header at all.)</p></li>
1.88 avankest 540:
1.128 avankest 541: <li>
542: <p>Parse the response entity body into a document tree following the
543: rules from the XML specifications. Let the result be <var>parsed
544: document</var>. If this fails (unsupported character encoding, namespace
545: well-formedness error et cetera) terminate these steps return
546: <code>null</code>. [<cite><span>XML</span></cite>]
547: [<cite><span>XMLNS</span></cite>]</p>
1.167 avankest 548:
549: <p class="note">Scripts in the resulting document tree will not be
550: executed, resources referenced will not be loaded and no associated XSLT
551: will be applied.</p>
1.128 avankest 552: </li>
1.88 avankest 553:
1.96 avankest 554: <li><p>Return an object implementing the <code>Document</code>
1.88 avankest 555: interface representing the <var>parsed document</var>.</p></li>
556: </ol>
1.58 avankest 557:
1.5 avankest 558: <dl>
1.131 avankest 559: <dt><dfn id="onreadystatechange"><code>onreadystatechange</code></dfn>
1.39 avankest 560: of type <code>EventListener</code></dt>
1.12 avankest 561:
1.157 avankest 562: <dd><p>This attribute is an <span>event handler DOM attribute</span> and
563: <em class="ct">must</em> be invoked whenever a
1.173 ! avankest 564: <code>readystatechange</code> event is targeted at the object.</p></dd>
1.12 avankest 565:
1.131 avankest 566: <dt><dfn id="readystate"><code>readyState</code></dfn> of type
1.22 avankest 567: <code>unsigned short</code>, readonly</dt>
1.12 avankest 568:
1.150 avankest 569: <dd><p>On getting the attribute <em class="ct">must</em> return the value
570: of the constant corresponding to the object's current state.</p></dd>
1.12 avankest 571:
1.131 avankest 572: <dt><dfn id="open" title="open"><code>open(<var>method</var>,
1.22 avankest 573: <var>url</var>, <var>async</var>, <var>user</var>,
574: <var>password</var>)</code></dfn>, method</dt>
1.12 avankest 575:
1.1 avankest 576: <dd>
1.58 avankest 577: <p>When invoked, the user agent <em class="ct">must</em> follow the
1.96 avankest 578: following steps (unless otherwise indicated):</p>
1.58 avankest 579:
580: <ol>
1.156 avankest 581: <li><p>Let <var>stored method</var> be the <var>method</var>
582: argument.</p></li>
1.58 avankest 583:
1.156 avankest 584: <li><p>If <var>stored method</var> does not match the
585: <dfn><code>Method</code> production</dfn>, defined in section 5.1.1 of
586: RFC 2616, raise a <code>SYNTAX_ERR</code> exception and terminate these
587: steps. [<cite><span>RFC2616</span></cite>]</p></li>
1.58 avankest 588:
1.156 avankest 589: <li><p>If <var>stored method</var>
590: <span title="case-insensitive match">case-insensitively matches</span>
591: <code>CONNECT</code>, <code>DELETE</code>, <code>GET</code>,
592: <code>HEAD</code>, <code>OPTIONS</code> <code>POST</code>,
593: <code>PUT</code>, <code>TRACE</code>, or <code>TRACK</code> let
594: <var>stored method</var> be the canonical uppercase form of the matched
595: method name.</p></li>
596: <!-- WebKit (and supposedly Firefox) also uppercase: COPY, INDEX, LOCK,
597: M-POST, MKCOL, MOVE, PROPFIND, PROPPATCH, and UNLOCK. -->
1.58 avankest 598:
1.156 avankest 599: <li><p>If <var>stored method</var> is one of <code>CONNECT</code>,
600: <code>TRACE</code>, or <code>TRACK</code> the user agent
601: <em class="ct">should</em> raise a <code>SECURITY_ERR</code> exception
602: and terminate these steps.</p></li>
1.58 avankest 603:
604: <li><p>Drop the fragment identifier (if any) from <var>url</var> and let
605: <var>stored url</var> be the result of that operation.</p></li>
606:
1.96 avankest 607: <li><p>If <var>stored url</var> is a relative reference resolve it using
608: the current value of the <code>baseURI</code> attribute of the
1.157 avankest 609: <span><code>Document</code> pointer</span>. If this fails raise a
1.98 avankest 610: <code>SYNTAX_ERR</code> exception and terminate these steps.</p></li>
1.58 avankest 611:
1.101 avankest 612: <li><p>If <var>stored url</var> contains an unsupported scheme raise a
613: <code>NOT_SUPPORTED_ERR</code> and terminate these steps.</p></li>
1.110 avankest 614:
1.58 avankest 615: <li><p>If the <code>"user:password"</code> format in the
1.141 avankest 616: <code>userinfo</code> production defined in section 3.2.1 of RFC 3986
617: is not supported for the relevant scheme and <var>stored url</var>
618: contains this format raise a <code>SYNTAX_ERR</code> and terminate
619: these steps. [<cite><span>RFC3986</span></cite>]</p></li>
1.58 avankest 620:
621: <li><p>If <var>stored url</var> contains the <code>"user:password"</code>
622: format let <var>stored user</var> be the user part and <var>stored
623: password</var> be the password part.</p></li>
624:
625: <li><p>If <var>stored url</var> just contains the <code>"user"</code>
626: format let <var>stored user</var> be the user part.</p></li>
627:
1.151 avankest 628: <li><p>If <var>stored url</var> is not of the <span>same-origin</span>
1.157 avankest 629: as the <span>origin</span> of the <span><code>Document</code>
630: pointer</span> the user agent <em class="ct">should</em> raise a
631: <code>SECURITY_ERR</code> exception and terminate these steps.</p></li>
1.58 avankest 632:
1.145 avankest 633: <li><p>Let <var>async</var> be the value of the <var>async</var>
634: argument or <code>true</code> if it was omitted.</p></li>
1.58 avankest 635:
1.126 avankest 636: <li><p>If the <var>user</var> argument was not omitted, and its syntax
1.145 avankest 637: does not match that specified by the relevant authentication scheme,
638: raise a <code>SYNTAX_ERR</code> exception and terminate these
639: steps.</p></li>
1.14 avankest 640:
1.58 avankest 641: <li>
642: <p>If the <var>user</var> argument was not omitted and is not
1.145 avankest 643: <code>null</code> let <var>stored user</var> be <var>user</var>
644: encoded using the encoding specified in the relevant authentication
645: scheme or UTF-8 if the scheme fails to specify an encoding.</p>
1.14 avankest 646:
1.58 avankest 647: <p class="note">This step overrides any user that may have been set by
648: the <var>url</var> argument.</p>
649: </li>
1.16 avankest 650:
1.58 avankest 651: <li><p>If the <var>user</var> argument was not omitted and is
652: <code>null</code> remove <var>stored user</var>.</p></li>
1.14 avankest 653:
1.145 avankest 654: <li><p>If the <var>password</var> argument was not omitted and its
655: syntax does not match that specified by the relevant authentication
656: scheme raise a <code>SYNTAX_ERR</code> exception and terminate these
657: steps.</p></li>
1.58 avankest 658:
659: <li><p>If the <var>password</var> argument was not omitted and is not
660: <code>null</code> let <var>stored password</var> be <var>password</var>
661: encoded using the encoding specified in the relevant authentication
662: scheme or UTF-8 if the scheme fails to specify an encoding.</p></li>
663:
664: <li><p>If the <var>password</var> argument was not omitted and is
665: <code>null</code> remove <var>stored password</var>.</p></li>
666:
1.108 avankest 667: <li><p><span title="abort send()">Abort the <code>send()</code>
668: algorithm</span>, set <span>response entity body</span> to "null" and
669: reset the list of request headers.<p></li>
1.58 avankest 670:
1.108 avankest 671: <li><p>The user agent <em class="ct">should</em> cancel any network
672: activity for which the object is responsible.</p></li>
1.58 avankest 673: <!-- we can hardly require it... -->
674:
1.145 avankest 675: <li><p>Switch the object to the
676: <span title="OPENED state">OPENED</span> state, set the
677: <span><code>send()</code> flag</span> to "false" and then synchronously
678: dispatch a <code>readystatechange</code> event on the object and return
679: the method call.</p></li>
1.58 avankest 680: </ol>
1.14 avankest 681:
1.19 avankest 682: <p class="note">A future version or extension of this specification will
1.33 avankest 683: most likely define a way of doing cross-site requests.</p>
1.1 avankest 684: </dd>
1.12 avankest 685:
1.131 avankest 686: <dt><dfn id="setrequestheader" title="setrequestheader"><code>setRequestHeader(<var>header</var>,
1.22 avankest 687: <var>value</var>)</code></dfn>, method</dt>
1.12 avankest 688:
1.5 avankest 689: <dd>
1.163 avankest 690: <p>Each request has a list of request headers with associated values.
691: The <code>setRequestHeader()</code> method can be used to manipulate
692: those values and set new request headers.</p>
693:
694: <p class="note">The <code>setRequestHeader()</code> method appends a
695: value if the HTTP header given as argument is already part of the list
696: of request headers.</p>
1.45 avankest 697:
1.58 avankest 698: <p>When invoked, the user agent <em class="ct">must</em> follow the
1.96 avankest 699: following steps (unless otherwise indicated):</p>
1.14 avankest 700:
1.58 avankest 701: <ol>
702: <li><p>If the state of the object is not
1.134 avankest 703: <span title="OPENED state">OPENED</span> raise an
1.98 avankest 704: <code>INVALID_STATE_ERR</code> exception and terminate these
705: steps.</p></li>
1.96 avankest 706:
707: <li><p>If the <span><code>send()</code> flag</span> is "true" raise an
1.98 avankest 708: <code>INVALID_STATE_ERR</code> exception and terminate these
709: steps.</p></li>
1.14 avankest 710:
1.97 avankest 711: <li><p>If the <var>header</var> argument does not match the
1.22 avankest 712: <dfn><code>field-name</code> production</dfn> as defined by section 4.2
1.96 avankest 713: of RFC 2616 or is <code>null</code> raise a <code>SYNTAX_ERR</code>
1.98 avankest 714: exception and terminate these steps.
1.96 avankest 715: [<cite><span>RFC2616</span></cite>]</p></li>
716:
1.98 avankest 717: <li><p>If the <var>value</var> argument is <code>null</code> terminate
718: these steps. (Do not raise an exception.)</li>
1.70 avankest 719: <!-- undefined is to be treated as null here... -->
1.79 avankest 720:
1.97 avankest 721: <li><p>If the <var>value</var> argument does not match the
1.22 avankest 722: <dfn><code>field-value</code> production</dfn> as defined by section 4.2
1.98 avankest 723: of RFC 2616 raise a <code>SYNTAX_ERR</code> and terminate these steps.
1.58 avankest 724: [<cite><span>RFC2616</span></cite>]</p></li>
1.14 avankest 725:
1.32 avankest 726: <li>
1.132 avankest 727: <p>For security reasons, these steps <em class="ct">should</em> be
1.98 avankest 728: terminated if the <var>header</var> argument
1.80 avankest 729: <span title="case-insensitive match">case-insensitively matches</span>
730: one of the following headers:</p>
1.58 avankest 731:
1.32 avankest 732: <ul>
733: <li><code>Accept-Charset</code></li>
734: <li><code>Accept-Encoding</code></li>
1.68 avankest 735: <li><code>Connection</code></li>
1.32 avankest 736: <li><code>Content-Length</code></li>
1.68 avankest 737: <li><code>Content-Transfer-Encoding</code></li>
738: <li><code>Date</code></li>
1.32 avankest 739: <li><code>Expect</code></li>
740: <li><code>Host</code></li>
741: <li><code>Keep-Alive</code></li>
742: <li><code>Referer</code></li>
743: <li><code>TE</code></li>
744: <li><code>Trailer</code></li>
745: <li><code>Transfer-Encoding</code></li>
746: <li><code>Upgrade</code></li>
1.68 avankest 747: <li><code>Via</code></li>
1.32 avankest 748: </ul>
749: </li>
1.132 avankest 750:
1.168 avankest 751: <li><p>Also for security reasons, these steps
752: <em class="ct">should</em> be terminated if the start of the
753: <var>header</var> argument
754: <span title="case-insensitive match">case-insensitively matches</span>
755: <code>Proxy-</code> or <code>Sec-</code>.</p></li>
1.5 avankest 756:
1.58 avankest 757: <li><p>If the <var>header</var> argument is not in the list of request
1.96 avankest 758: headers append the <var>header</var> with its associated <var>value</var>
1.98 avankest 759: to the list and terminate these steps.</p></li>
1.58 avankest 760:
761: <li><p>If the <var>header</var> argument is in the list of request
1.96 avankest 762: headers either use multiple headers, combine the values or use a
763: combination of those (section 4.2, RFC 2616).
764: [<cite><span>RFC2616</span></cite>]</p></li>
765: <!-- XXX it seems UAs always combine the values -->
1.58 avankest 766: </ol>
1.45 avankest 767:
768: <p class="note">See also the <code>send()</code> method regarding user
1.71 avankest 769: agent header handling for caching, authentication, proxies, and
770: cookies.</p>
1.14 avankest 771:
772: <div class="example">
1.58 avankest 773: <pre><code>// The following script:
1.14 avankest 774: var client = new XMLHttpRequest();
775: client.open('GET', 'demo.cgi');
776: client.setRequestHeader('X-Test', 'one');
777: client.setRequestHeader('X-Test', 'two');
778: client.send();
779:
780: // ...would result in the following header being sent:
781: ...
782: X-Test: one, two
1.58 avankest 783: ...</code></pre>
1.14 avankest 784: </div>
1.5 avankest 785: </dd>
1.12 avankest 786:
1.131 avankest 787: <dt><dfn id="send" title="send"><code>send(<var>data</var>)</code></dfn>,
1.22 avankest 788: method</dt>
1.12 avankest 789:
1.17 avankest 790: <dd>
1.58 avankest 791: <p>The <code>send()</code> method initiates the request and its optional
1.163 avankest 792: argument provides the <span>entity body</span>.</p>
793:
794: <p class="note">Authors are encouraged to ensure that they have
795: specified the <code>Content-Type</code> header via
796: <code>setRequestHeader()</code> before invoking <code>send()</code> with
797: a non-<code>null</code> <var>data</var> argument.</p>
1.58 avankest 798:
799: <p>When invoked, the user agent <em class="ct">must</em> follow the
1.108 avankest 800: following steps (unless otherwise noted). Note that this algorithm might
1.126 avankest 801: get aborted if the <code>open()</code> or <code>abort()</code> method is
802: invoked. When the
1.109 avankest 803: <dfn title="abort send()" id="abort-send-algorithm"><code>send()</code>
1.110 avankest 804: algorithm is aborted</dfn> the user agent <em class="ct">must</em>
805: terminate the algorithm after finishing the step it is on.</p>
806:
1.108 avankest 807: <p class="note">The following algorithm can not be aborted through script
808: when <var>async</var> is <code>false</code>. It can only be aborted when
809: <var>async</var> is <code>true</code> and only after the method call has
810: returned.</p>
1.58 avankest 811:
812: <ol>
813: <li><p>If the state of the object is not
1.134 avankest 814: <span title="OPENED state">OPENED</span> raise an
1.98 avankest 815: <code>INVALID_STATE_ERR</code> exception and terminate these
816: steps.</p></li>
1.96 avankest 817:
818: <li><p>If the <span><code>send()</code> flag</span> is "true" raise an
1.98 avankest 819: <code>INVALID_STATE_ERR</code> exception and terminate these
820: steps.</p></li>
1.58 avankest 821:
1.102 avankest 822: <li><p>If <var>async</var> is <code>true</code> set the
1.103 avankest 823: <span><code>send()</code> flag</span> to "true".</p></li>
824:
1.58 avankest 825: <li>
1.166 avankest 826: <p>If <var>stored method</var> is <code>GET</code> act as if the
827: <var>data</var> argument is <code>null</code>.</p>
828:
1.58 avankest 829: <p>If the <var>data</var> argument has not been omitted and is not
1.145 avankest 830: <code>null</code> use it for the <dfn id="entity-body">entity
831: body</dfn> as defined by section 7.2 of RFC 2616 observing the
832: following rules: [<cite><span>RFC2616</span></cite>]</p>
1.58 avankest 833:
1.119 avankest 834: <dl class="switch">
1.58 avankest 835: <dt><var>data</var> is a <code>DOMString</code></dt>
836:
1.163 avankest 837: <dd>
838: <p>Encode <var>data</var> using UTF-8 for transmission.</p>
839:
1.164 avankest 840: <p>If a <code>Content-Type</code> header is set using
841: <code>setRequestHeader()</code> set the <code>charset</code>
842: parameter of that header to <code>UTF-8</code>.</p>
1.163 avankest 843: </dd>
1.58 avankest 844:
845: <dt><var>data</var> is a <code>Document</code>
846:
847: <dd>
1.165 avankest 848: <p>Serialize <var>data</var> into a namespace well-formed XML
849: document and encoded using the encoding given by
850: <code><var>data</var>.inputEncoding</code>, when not
851: <code>null</code>, or UTF-8 otherwise. Or, if this fails because the
852: <code>Document</code> cannot be serialized act as if <var>data</var>
853: is <code>null</code>.</p>
854:
855: <p>If no <code>Content-Type</code> header has been set using
856: <code>setRequestHeader()</code> append a <code>Content-Type</code>
857: header to the list of request headers with a value of
858: <code>application/xml;charset=<var>charset</var></code> where
859: <var>charset</var> is the encoding used to encode the document.</p>
1.58 avankest 860:
861: <p class="note">Subsequent changes to the <code>Document</code> have
862: no effect on what is submitted.</p>
863: </dd>
864:
865: <dt><var>data</var> is not a <code>DOMString</code> or
866: <code>Document</code></dt>
867:
1.96 avankest 868: <dd><p>Use the stringification mechanisms of the host language on
869: <var>data</var> and treat the result as if <var>data</var> is a
1.166 avankest 870: <code>DOMString</code>. Or, if this fails, act as if the
871: <var>data</var> argument is <code>null</code>.</p></dd>
1.58 avankest 872: </dl>
873:
1.126 avankest 874: <p>If the <var>data</var> argument has been omitted, or is
875: <code>null</code>, no entity body is used in the request.</p>
1.58 avankest 876: </li>
877:
1.71 avankest 878: <li><p>Make a request to <var>stored url</var>, using HTTP method
879: <var>stored method</var>, user <var>stored user</var> (if provided) and
880: password <var>stored password</var> (if provided), taking into account
881: the entity body, list of request headers and the rules listed directly
882: after this set of steps.</p></li>
1.60 avankest 883:
1.67 avankest 884: <li>
1.96 avankest 885: <p>Synchronously dispatch a <code>readystatechange</code> event on the
886: object.</p>
1.67 avankest 887:
1.96 avankest 888: <p class="note">The state of the object does not change. The event is
889: dispatched for historical reasons.</p>
1.67 avankest 890: </li>
891:
1.102 avankest 892: <li><p>If <var>async</var> is <code>true</code> return the
1.98 avankest 893: <code>send()</code> method call. (Do not terminate the steps in the
894: algorithm though.)</p></li>
1.58 avankest 895:
1.117 avankest 896: <li>
1.123 avankest 897: <p>While downloading the resource the following rules are to be
898: observed.</p>
899:
1.119 avankest 900: <dl class="switch">
1.118 avankest 901: <dt>If the response is an HTTP redirect</dt>
1.167 avankest 902:
1.118 avankest 903: <dd>
1.145 avankest 904: <p>If the redirect does not violate security (it is
905: <span>same-origin</span> for instance) or infinite loop precautions
906: and the scheme is supported transparently follow the redirect and go
1.166 avankest 907: to the start of this step (step 8).</p>
1.145 avankest 908:
909: <p class="note">HTTP places requirements on the user agent regarding
910: the preservation of the request method and entity body during
911: redirects, and also requires users to be notified of certain kinds
912: of automatic redirections.</p>
1.118 avankest 913: <!-- Arguably HTTP should be fixed for the latter case. No browser
914: follows that as far as I know. -->
915:
916: <p>Otherwise, follow the following set of steps:</p>
1.145 avankest 917:
1.118 avankest 918: <ol>
1.124 avankest 919: <li><p>Set the <span>response entity body</span> to "null", the
920: <span>error flag</span> to "true" and reset the list of request
921: headers.</p></li>
1.118 avankest 922:
923: <li><p>Synchronously switch the state to
924: <span title="DONE state">DONE</span>.</p></li>
925:
926: <li><p>If <var>async</var> is set to <code>false</code> raise a
927: <code>NETWORK_ERR</code> exception and terminate the overall
928: algorithm.</p></li>
929:
930: <li><p>Synchronously dispatch a <code>readystatechange</code> event on
931: the object.</p></li>
932:
933: <li><p>Terminate the overall algorithm.</p></li>
934: </ol>
935:
936: <p class="note">It is likely that a future version of the
937: <code>XMLHttpRequest</code> object will dispatch an <code>error</code>
938: event here as well.</p>
939: </dd>
1.117 avankest 940:
1.121 avankest 941:
1.118 avankest 942: <dt>If the user cancels the download</dt>
1.58 avankest 943:
1.118 avankest 944: <dd>
945: <p>Run the following set of steps:</p>
1.60 avankest 946:
1.118 avankest 947: <ol>
1.124 avankest 948: <li><p>Set the <span>response entity body</span> to "null", the
949: <span>error flag</span> to "true" and reset the list of request
950: headers.</p></li>
1.118 avankest 951:
952: <li><p>Synchronously switch the state to
953: <span title="DONE state">DONE</span>.</p></li>
954:
1.121 avankest 955: <li><p>If <var>async</var> is set to <code>false</code> raise an
956: <code>ABORT_ERR</code> exception and terminate the overall
1.118 avankest 957: algorithm.</p></li>
958:
959: <li><p>Synchronously dispatch a <code>readystatechange</code> event on
960: the object.</p></li>
961:
962: <li><p>Terminate the overall algorithm.</p></li>
963: </ol>
1.121 avankest 964:
1.118 avankest 965: <p class="note">It is likely that a future version of the
1.121 avankest 966: <code>XMLHttpRequest</code> object will dispatch an
967: <code title="">abort</code> event here as well.</p>
1.118 avankest 968: </dd>
1.60 avankest 969:
1.121 avankest 970:
1.118 avankest 971: <dt>In case of network errors</dt>
1.60 avankest 972:
1.118 avankest 973: <dd>
1.126 avankest 974: <p>In case of DNS errors, or other type of network errors, run the
975: following set of steps. <span class="note">This does not include HTTP
976: responses that indicate some type of error, such as HTTP status code
977: 410.</span></p>
1.118 avankest 978:
979: <ol>
1.124 avankest 980: <li><p>Set the <span>response entity body</span> to "null", the
981: <span>error flag</span> to "true" and reset the list of request
982: headers.</p></li>
1.118 avankest 983:
984: <li><p>Synchronously switch the state to
985: <span title="DONE state">DONE</span>.</p></li>
986:
987: <li><p>If <var>async</var> is set to <code>false</code> raise a
988: <code>NETWORK_ERR</code> exception and terminate the overall
989: algorithm.</p></li>
990:
991: <li><p>Synchronously dispatch a <code>readystatechange</code> event on
992: the object.</p></li>
993:
994: <li><p>Terminate the overall algorithm.</p></li>
995: </ol>
996:
997: <p class="note">It is likely that a future version of the
998: <code>XMLHttpRequest</code> object will dispatch an <code>error</code>
999: event here as well.</p>
1000: </dd>
1001:
1002: <dt>Once all HTTP headers have been received</dt>
1003:
1004: <dd>
1005: <p>If all HTTP headers have been received, before receiving the message
1.123 avankest 1006: body (if any), run the following steps:</p>
1.60 avankest 1007:
1.118 avankest 1008: <ol>
1009: <li><p>Synchronously switch the state to
1.123 avankest 1010: <span title="HEADERS_RECEIVED state">HEADERS_RECEIVED</span>.</p></li>
1.118 avankest 1011:
1012: <li><p>Synchronously dispatch a <code>readystatechange</code> event on
1013: the object.</p></li>
1.123 avankest 1014: </ol>
1015: </dd>
1016:
1017: <dt>Once the first byte (or more) of the response entity body has been
1018: received</dt>
1019: <dt>If there is no response entity body</dt>
1.153 avankest 1020:
1.123 avankest 1021: <dd>
1022: <ol>
1.118 avankest 1023: <li><p>Synchronously switch the state to
1024: <span title="LOADING state">LOADING</span>.</p></li>
1025:
1026: <li><p>Synchronously dispatch a <code>readystatechange</code> event on
1027: the object.</p></li>
1028: </ol>
1029: </dd>
1030: </dl>
1.153 avankest 1031:
1.124 avankest 1032: <p>Finally, once the complete resource has been downloaded go to the next
1.118 avankest 1033: step.</p>
1.58 avankest 1034: </li>
1035:
1.82 avankest 1036: <li><p>When the request has successfully completed loading, synchronously
1.96 avankest 1037: switch the state to <span title="DONE state">DONE</span> and then
1038: synchronously dispatch a <code>readystatechange</code> event on the
1039: object and return the method call in case of <var>async</var> being
1040: <code>false</code>.</p></li>
1.58 avankest 1041: </ol>
1.14 avankest 1042:
1.91 avankest 1043: <p>If the user agent allows the user to configure a proxy it
1.22 avankest 1044: <em class="ct">should</em> modify the request appropriately;
1.42 avankest 1045: <abbr title="in other words">i.e.</abbr>, connect to the proxy host
1046: instead of the origin server, modify the <code>Request-Line</code> and
1047: send <code>Proxy-Authorization</code> headers as specified.</p>
1.12 avankest 1048:
1.42 avankest 1049: <p>If the user agent supports HTTP Authentication it
1.22 avankest 1050: <em class="ct">should</em> consider requests originating from this object
1.42 avankest 1051: to be part of the protection space that includes the accessed URIs and
1052: send <code>Authorization</code> headers and handle <code>401
1.137 avankest 1053: Unauthorized</code> requests appropriately. If authentication fails, user
1.42 avankest 1054: agents <em class="ct">should</em> prompt the users for credentials.
1055: [<cite><span>RFC2617</span></cite>]</p>
1056:
1.57 avankest 1057: <p>If the user agent supports HTTP State Management it
1.42 avankest 1058: <em class="ct">should</em> persist, discard and send cookies (as received
1059: in the <code>Set-Cookie</code> and <code>Set-Cookie2</code> response
1060: headers, and sent in the <code>Cookie</code> header) as applicable.
1061: [<cite><span>RFC2965</span></cite>]</p>
1062:
1.163 avankest 1063: <!-- It has been said that RFC2965 does not match reality. -->
1064:
1.42 avankest 1065: <p>If the user agent implements a HTTP cache it <em class="ct">should</em>
1066: respect <code>Cache-Control</code> request headers set by the script
1067: (<abbr title="for example">e.g.</abbr>, <code>Cache-Control:
1068: no-cache</code> bypasses the cache). It <em class="ct">must not</em> send
1069: <code>Cache-Control</code> or <code>Pragma</code> request headers
1.137 avankest 1070: automatically unless the user explicitly requests such behavior
1.42 avankest 1071: (<abbr>e.g.</abbr>, by (force-)reloading the page). <code>304 Not
1.22 avankest 1072: Modified</code> responses that are a result of a user agent generated
1073: conditional request <em class="ct">must</em> be presented as <code>200
1.57 avankest 1074: OK</code> responses with the appropriate content. The user agent
1.39 avankest 1075: <em class="ct">must</em> allow scripts to override automatic cache
1.22 avankest 1076: validation by setting request headers (e.g., <code>If-None-Match</code>,
1.42 avankest 1077: <code>If-Modified-Since</code>), in which case <code>304 Not
1078: Modified</code> responses <em class="ct">must</em> be passed through.
1079: [<cite><span>RFC2616</span></cite>]</p>
1.12 avankest 1080:
1.8 avankest 1081: <p>If the user agent implements server-driven content-negotiation
1.161 avankest 1082: it <em class="ct">should</em> set <code>Accept-Encoding</code> and
1083: <code>Accept-Charset</code> headers as appropriate; it
1.162 avankest 1084: <em class="ct">must not</em> automatically set the <code>Accept</code>.
1085: If the <code>Accept-Language</code> header is not set using
1086: <code>setRequestHeader()</code> user agents <em class="ct">should</em>
1087: provide it. Responses to such requests <em class="ct">must</em> have the
1088: content-encodings automatically decoded.
1089: [<cite><span>RFC2616</span></cite>]</p>
1.8 avankest 1090: </dd>
1.12 avankest 1091:
1.131 avankest 1092: <dt><dfn id="abort"><code>abort()</code></dfn>, method</dt>
1.12 avankest 1093:
1.5 avankest 1094: <dd>
1.60 avankest 1095: <p>When invoked, the user agent <em class="ct">must</em> run the following
1.96 avankest 1096: steps (unless otherwise noted):</p>
1.60 avankest 1097:
1098: <ol>
1.108 avankest 1099: <li><p><span title="abort send()">Abort the <code>send()</code>
1100: algorithm</span>, set the <span>response entity body</span> to "null",
1.135 avankest 1101: the <span>error flag</span> to "true" and remove any registered request
1102: headers.</p></li>
1.60 avankest 1103:
1.108 avankest 1104: <li><p>The user agent <em class="ct">should</em> cancel any network
1105: activity for which the object is responsible.</p></li>
1.60 avankest 1106:
1.83 avankest 1107: <li>
1.85 avankest 1108: <p>If the state is <span title="UNSENT state">UNSENT</span>,
1.134 avankest 1109: <span title="OPENED state">OPENED</span> and the <span><code>send()</code>
1.87 avankest 1110: flag</span> is "false", or <span title="DONE state">DONE</span> go to
1111: the next step.</p>
1.85 avankest 1112:
1.135 avankest 1113: <p>Otherwise, switch the state to
1114: <span title="DONE state">DONE</span>, set the
1115: <span><code>send()</code> flag</span> to "false" and synchronously
1116: dispatch a <code>readystatechange</code> event on the object.</p>
1.83 avankest 1117: </li>
1.67 avankest 1118:
1.60 avankest 1119: <li>
1.97 avankest 1120: <p>Switch the state to <span title="UNSENT state">UNSENT</span>. (Do not
1.71 avankest 1121: dispatch the <code>readystatechange</code> event.)</p>
1.60 avankest 1122:
1.82 avankest 1123: <p class="note">It is likely that a future version of the
1124: <code>XMLHttpRequest</code> object will dispatch an
1125: <code title="">abort</code> event here as well.</p>
1.60 avankest 1126: </li>
1127: </ol>
1.5 avankest 1128: </dd>
1.12 avankest 1129:
1.131 avankest 1130: <dt><dfn id="getallresponseheaders"><code>getAllResponseHeaders()</code></dfn>,
1.22 avankest 1131: method</dt>
1.12 avankest 1132:
1.5 avankest 1133: <dd>
1.60 avankest 1134: <p>When invoked, the user agent <em class="ct">must</em> run
1.58 avankest 1135: the following steps:</p>
1136:
1137: <ol>
1.124 avankest 1138: <li><p>If the state is <span title="UNSENT state">UNSENT</span> or
1.134 avankest 1139: <span title="OPENED state">OPENED</span> raise an
1.98 avankest 1140: <code>INVALID_STATE_ERR</code> exception and terminate these
1141: steps.</p></li>
1.170 avankest 1142:
1143: <li><p>If the <span>error flag</span> is "true" return the empty string
1.124 avankest 1144: and terminate these steps.</p></li>
1.96 avankest 1145:
1.167 avankest 1146: <li><p>Return all the HTTP headers, as a single string, with each
1147: header line separated by a U+000D (CR) U+000A (LF) pair excluding the
1148: status line.</p></li>
1.58 avankest 1149: </ol>
1.24 avankest 1150:
1.5 avankest 1151: <div class="example">
1.58 avankest 1152: <pre><code>// The following script:
1.5 avankest 1153: var client = new XMLHttpRequest();
1.14 avankest 1154: client.open("GET", "test.txt", true);
1.5 avankest 1155: client.send();
1.12 avankest 1156: client.onreadystatechange = function() {
1.13 avankest 1157: if(this.readyState == 3) {
1.12 avankest 1158: print(this.getAllResponseHeaders());
1159: }
1160: }
1.5 avankest 1161:
1162: // ...should output something similar to the following text:
1163: Date: 2004年10月24日 04:58:38 GMT
1164: Server: Apache/1.3.31 (Unix)
1165: Keep-Alive: timeout=15, max=99
1166: Connection: Keep-Alive
1167: Transfer-Encoding: chunked
1.58 avankest 1168: Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8</code></pre>
1.5 avankest 1169: </div>
1170: </dd>
1.12 avankest 1171:
1.131 avankest 1172: <dt><dfn id="getresponseheader" title="getresponseheader"><code>getResponseHeader(<var>header</var>)</code></dfn>,
1.22 avankest 1173: method</dt>
1.12 avankest 1174:
1.1 avankest 1175: <dd>
1.58 avankest 1176: <p>When the method is invoked, the user agent <em class="ct">must</em> run
1177: the following steps:</p>
1.14 avankest 1178:
1.58 avankest 1179: <ol>
1.124 avankest 1180: <li><p>If the state is <span title="UNSENT state">UNSENT</span> or
1.134 avankest 1181: <span title="OPENED state">OPENED</span> raise an
1.98 avankest 1182: <code>INVALID_STATE_ERR</code> exception and terminate these
1183: steps.</p></li>
1.58 avankest 1184:
1.149 avankest 1185: <li><p>If the <var>header</var> argument does not match the
1.171 avankest 1186: <span><code>field-name</code> production</span> return
1187: <code>null</code> and terminate these steps.</p></li>
1.124 avankest 1188:
1.149 avankest 1189: <li><p>If the <span>error flag</span> is "true" return
1190: <code>null</code> and terminate these steps.</p></li>
1.58 avankest 1191:
1.80 avankest 1192: <li><p>If the <var>header</var> argument
1193: <span title="case-insensitive match">case-insensitively matches</span>
1.127 avankest 1194: multiple HTTP headers for the last request sent, return the values of
1.149 avankest 1195: these headers as a single concatenated string separated from each
1.167 avankest 1196: other by an U+002C followed by an U+0020 character and terminate
1.149 avankest 1197: these steps.</p></li>
1.58 avankest 1198:
1.80 avankest 1199: <li><p>If the <var>header</var> argument
1.149 avankest 1200: <span title="case-insensitive match">case-insensitively matches</span>
1201: a single HTTP header for the last request sent return the value of
1202: that header and terminate these steps.</p></li>
1.58 avankest 1203:
1.96 avankest 1204: <li><p>Return <code>null</code>.</p></li>
1.58 avankest 1205: </ol>
1.12 avankest 1206:
1.1 avankest 1207: <div class="example">
1.58 avankest 1208: <pre><code>// The following script:
1.1 avankest 1209: var client = new XMLHttpRequest();
1.14 avankest 1210: client.open("GET", "test.txt", true);
1.5 avankest 1211: client.send();
1.12 avankest 1212: client.onreadystatechange = function() {
1.13 avankest 1213: if(this.readyState == 3) {
1.14 avankest 1214: print(client.getResponseHeader("Content-Type"));
1.12 avankest 1215: }
1216: }
1.1 avankest 1217:
1.5 avankest 1218: // ...should output something similar to the following text:
1.163 avankest 1219: text/plain; charset=utf-8</code></pre>
1.1 avankest 1220: </div>
1.5 avankest 1221: </dd>
1.12 avankest 1222:
1.131 avankest 1223: <dt><dfn id="responsetext"><code>responseText</code></dfn> of type
1.22 avankest 1224: <code>DOMString</code>, readonly</dt>
1.12 avankest 1225:
1.5 avankest 1226: <dd>
1.88 avankest 1227: <p>On getting, the user agent <em class="ct">must</em> run the following
1228: steps:</p>
1229:
1230: <ol>
1.169 avankest 1231: <li><p>If the state is not <span title="LOADING state">LOADING</span>
1232: or <span title="DONE state">DONE</span> return the empty string and
1233: terminate these steps.</p></li>
1.12 avankest 1234:
1.88 avankest 1235: <li><p>Return the <span>text response entity body</span>.</p></li>
1236: </ol>
1.5 avankest 1237: </dd>
1.12 avankest 1238:
1.131 avankest 1239: <dt><dfn id="responsexml"><code>responseXML</code></dfn> of type
1.22 avankest 1240: <code>Document</code>, readonly</dt>
1.12 avankest 1241:
1.8 avankest 1242: <dd>
1.75 avankest 1243: <p>On getting, the user agent <em class="ct">must</em> run the following
1244: steps:</p>
1.79 avankest 1245:
1.75 avankest 1246: <ol>
1.169 avankest 1247: <li><p>If the state is not <span title="DONE state">DONE</span> return
1248: <code>null</code> and terminate these steps.</p></li>
1.75 avankest 1249:
1.88 avankest 1250: <li><p>Return the <span>XML response entity body</span>.</p></li>
1.75 avankest 1251: </ol>
1.5 avankest 1252: </dd>
1.12 avankest 1253:
1.131 avankest 1254: <dt><dfn id="status"><code>status</code></dfn> of type <code>unsigned
1.22 avankest 1255: short</code>, readonly</dt>
1.12 avankest 1256:
1.5 avankest 1257: <dd>
1.72 avankest 1258: <p>On getting, if available, it <em class="ct">must</em> return the HTTP
1259: status code sent by the server (typically <code>200</code> for a
1260: successful request). Otherwise, if not available, the user agent
1261: <em class="ct">must</em> raise an <code>INVALID_STATE_ERR</code>
1262: exception.</p>
1.12 avankest 1263: </dd>
1264:
1.131 avankest 1265: <dt><dfn id="statustext"><code>statusText</code></dfn> of type
1.22 avankest 1266: <code>DOMString</code>, readonly</dt>
1.12 avankest 1267:
1.5 avankest 1268: <dd>
1.72 avankest 1269: <p>On getting, if available, it <em class="ct">must</em> return the HTTP
1270: status text sent by the server (appears after the status code). Otherwise,
1271: if not available, the user agent <em class="ct">must</em> raise an
1272: <code>INVALID_STATE_ERR</code> exception.</p>
1.1 avankest 1273: </dd>
1274: </dl>
1.12 avankest 1275:
1.121 avankest 1276:
1.31 avankest 1277: <h3 id="events">Events for the <code title="">XMLHttpRequest</code>
1278: Object</h3>
1.12 avankest 1279:
1.134 avankest 1280: <p>This section describes the various events that can be dispatched on
1281: objects implementing the <code>XMLHttpRequest</code> interface. For this
1.22 avankest 1282: version of the specification only one event is defined.</p>
1.12 avankest 1283:
1.1 avankest 1284: <dl>
1.131 avankest 1285: <dt><dfn id="readystatechange"><code>readystatechange</code></dfn></dt>
1.24 avankest 1286:
1.72 avankest 1287: <dd>When the user agent dispatches a <code title="">readystatechange</code>
1288: event (as indicated above) it <em class="ct">must not</em> bubble,
1289: <em class="ct">must not</em> be cancelable and <em class="ct">must</em>
1290: implement the <code>Event</code> interface. Its <code>namespaceURI</code>
1291: attribute <em class="ct">must</em> be <code>null</code>.
1.155 avankest 1292: [<cite><span>DOM2Events</span></cite>]</dd>
1.1 avankest 1293: </dl>
1.32 avankest 1294:
1.31 avankest 1295: <h3 id="exceptions">Exceptions for the <code title="">XMLHttpRequest</code>
1296: Object</h3>
1.138 avankest 1297:
1298: <p>Several algorithms in this specification may result in an exception
1299: being thrown. These exceptions are all part of the group
1300: <code>ExceptionCode</code> and use the <code>DOMException</code> object
1301: which is defined in DOM Level 3 Core. In addition this specification
1302: extends the <code>ExceptionCode</code> group with several new
1303: constants as indicated below. [<cite><span>DOM3Core</span></cite>]</p>
1.31 avankest 1304:
1.138 avankest 1305: <pre class="idl">const unsigned short <span>SECURITY_ERR</span> = 18;
1.121 avankest 1306: const unsigned short <span>NETWORK_ERR</span> = 101;
1307: const unsigned short <span>ABORT_ERR</span> = 102;</pre>
1.31 avankest 1308:
1.138 avankest 1309: <p>The <dfn id="security-err"><code>SECURITY_ERR</code></dfn> exception is
1310: raised if an attempt is made to perform an operation or access some data
1311: in a way that would be a security risk or a violation of the user agent's
1312: security policy.</p>
1313:
1314: <!-- http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/public-webapi/2006May/0027.html -->
1315:
1316: <p class="note">The <code title="">SECURITY_ERR</code> exception is
1317: expected to be eventually folded into an update of the the DOM Level 3
1318: Core specification with an equivalent definition and identical constant
1319: value. Until that happens it is defined here to guide implementors. (This
1.153 avankest 1320: is also the reason the constant value is not in line with the other
1.138 avankest 1321: exceptions.)</p>
1322:
1.33 avankest 1323: <p>The <dfn id="network-err"><code>NETWORK_ERR</code></dfn> exception is
1.138 avankest 1324: raised when a network error occurs in synchronous requests.</p>
1.121 avankest 1325:
1.138 avankest 1326: <p>The <dfn id="abort-err"><code>ABORT_ERR</code></dfn> exception is
1327: raised when the user aborts a request in synchronous requests.</p>
1.121 avankest 1328:
1329:
1.11 avankest 1330:
1.29 avankest 1331: <h2 class="no-num" id="notcovered">Not in this Specification</h2>
1332:
1.143 avankest 1333: <p><em>This section is non-normative.</em></p>
1.29 avankest 1334:
1.72 avankest 1335: <p>This specification does not include the following features which are
1336: being considered for a future version of this specification:</p>
1.29 avankest 1337:
1338: <ul>
1339: <li><code>load</code> event and <code>onload</code> attribute;</li>
1340: <li><code>error</code> event and <code>onerror</code> attribute;</li>
1341: <li><code>progress</code> event and <code>onprogress</code> attribute;</li>
1342: <li><code title="">abort</code> event and <code>onabort</code> attribute;</li>
1343: <li>Timers have been suggested, perhaps an <code>ontimeout</code>
1344: attribute;</li>
1345: <li>Property to disable following redirects;</li>
1.30 avankest 1346: <li><code title="">responseXML</code> for <code>text/html</code>
1347: documents;</li>
1.40 avankest 1348: <li>Cross-site <code title="">XMLHttpRequest</code>;</li>
1.87 avankest 1349: <li><code>responseBody</code> to deal with byte streams;</li>
1.114 avankest 1350: <li><code>overrideMimeType</code> to fix up MIME types;</li>
1.87 avankest 1351: <li><code>getRequestHeader()</code> and
1352: <code>removeRequestHeader()</code>.</li>
1.29 avankest 1353: </ul>
1354:
1.1 avankest 1355: <h2 class="no-num" id="bibref">References</h2>
1.11 avankest 1356:
1.6 avankest 1357: <dl>
1.155 avankest 1358: <dt>[<dfn id="ref-dom2events">DOM2Events</dfn>]</dt>
1359: <dd><cite><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/DOM-Level-2-Events/">Document
1.160 avankest 1360: Object Model (DOM) Level 2 Events Specification</a></cite>, T. Pixley,
1361: editor. W3C, November 2000.</dd>
1.155 avankest 1362:
1.145 avankest 1363: <dt>[<dfn id="ref-dom3core">DOM3Core</dfn>]</dt>
1.11 avankest 1364: <dd><cite><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/DOM-Level-3-Core">Document Object
1.92 avankest 1365: Model (DOM) Level 3 Core Specification</a></cite>, A. Le Hors, P. Le
1.139 avankest 1366: Hégaret, L. Wood, G. Nicol, J. Robie, M. Champion, S. Byrne,
1367: editors. W3C, April 2004.</dd>
1.11 avankest 1368:
1.117 avankest 1369: <dt>[<dfn id="ref-ecmascript">ECMAScript</dfn>]</dt>
1.92 avankest 1370: <dd><cite><a href="http://www.ecma-international.org/publications/standards/Ecma-262.htm">ECMAScript
1371: Language Specification</a></cite>, Third Edition. ECMA, December 1999.</dd>
1.171 avankest 1372:
1.145 avankest 1373: <dt>[<dfn id="ref-html5">HTML5</dfn>]</dt>
1.171 avankest 1374: <dd><cite><a href="http://www.w3.org/html/wg/html5/">HTML 5</a></cite>
1375: (work in progress), I. Hickson, D. Hyatt, editors. W3C, 2008.</dd>
1.142 avankest 1376: <dd><cite><a href="http://www.whatwg.org/specs/web-apps/current-work/">HTML 5</a></cite>
1.171 avankest 1377: (work in progress), I. Hickson, editor. WHATWG, 2008.</dd>
1.14 avankest 1378:
1.145 avankest 1379: <dt>[<dfn id="ref-rfc2119">RFC2119</dfn>]</dt>
1.117 avankest 1380: <dd><cite><a href="http://ietf.org/rfc/rfc2119">Key words for use in RFCs to
1381: Indicate Requirement Levels</a></cite>, S. Bradner. IETF, March 1997.</dd>
1.12 avankest 1382:
1.145 avankest 1383: <dt>[<dfn id="ref-rfc2616">RFC2616</dfn>]</dt>
1.11 avankest 1384: <dd><cite><a href="http://ietf.org/rfc/rfc2616">Hypertext Transfer Protocol
1.92 avankest 1385: -- HTTP/1.1</a></cite>, R. Fielding, J. Gettys, J. Mogul, H. Frystyk, L.
1386: Masinter, P. Leach, T. Berners-Lee, editors. IETF, June 1999.</dd>
1.12 avankest 1387:
1.37 avankest 1388: <dt>[<dfn id="ref-rfc2617">RFC2617</dfn>]</dt>
1.11 avankest 1389: <dd><cite><a href="http://ietf.org/rfc/rfc2617">HTTP Authentication: Basic
1.92 avankest 1390: and Digest Access Authentication</a></cite>, P. Hallam-Baker, J.
1391: Hostetler, S. Lawrence, P. Leach, A. Luotonen, L. Stewart, editors. IETF,
1392: June 1999.</dd>
1.12 avankest 1393:
1.37 avankest 1394: <dt>[<dfn id="ref-rfc2965">RFC2965</dfn>]</dt>
1.19 avankest 1395: <dd><cite><a href="http://ietf.org/rfc/rfc2965">HTTP State Management
1.92 avankest 1396: Mechanism</a></cite>, D. Kristol, L. Montulli, editors. IETF, October
1397: 2000.</dd>
1.19 avankest 1398:
1.37 avankest 1399: <dt>[<dfn id="ref-rfc3986">RFC3986</dfn>]</dt>
1.11 avankest 1400: <dd><cite><a href="http://ietf.org/rfc/rfc3986">Uniform Resource Identifier
1.92 avankest 1401: (URI): Generic Syntax</a></cite>, T. Berners-Lee, R. Fielding, L. Masinter,
1402: editors. IETF, January 2005.</dd>
1.141 avankest 1403:
1404: <dt>[<dfn id="ref-rfc3987">RFC3987</dfn>]</dt>
1405: <dd><cite><a href="http://ietf.org/rfc/rfc3987">Internationalized
1406: Resource Identifiers (IRIs)</a></cite>, M. Duerst, M. Suignard, editors.
1407: IETF, January 2005.</dd>
1.28 avankest 1408:
1.92 avankest 1409: <dt>[<dfn id="ref-xml">XML</dfn>]</dt>
1410: <dd><cite><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xml/">Extensible Markup Language
1411: (XML) 1.0 (Fourth Edition)</a></cite>, T. Bray, J. Paoli, C.
1.117 avankest 1412: Sperberg-McQueen, E. Maler, F. Yergeau, editors. W3C, September 2006.</dd>
1.41 avankest 1413:
1.92 avankest 1414: <dt>[<dfn id="ref-xmlns">XMLNS</dfn>]</dt>
1415: <dd><cite><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xml-names/">Namespaces in XML
1.117 avankest 1416: (Second Edition)</a></cite>, T. Bray, D. Hollander, A. Layman, R. Tobin,
1417: editors. W3C, August 2006.</dd>
1.1 avankest 1418: </dl>
1.11 avankest 1419:
1.130 avankest 1420: <h2 class="no-num" id="acknowledgments">Acknowledgments</h2>
1.11 avankest 1421:
1.159 avankest 1422: <p>The editor would like to thank
1.12 avankest 1423:
1.163 avankest 1424: Addison Phillips,
1.159 avankest 1425: Ahmed Kamel,
1426: Alex Hopmann,
1427: Alex Vincent,
1428: Alexey Proskuryakov,
1429: Asbjørn Ulsberg,
1430: Boris Zbarsky,
1431: Björn Höhrmann,
1432: Cameron McCormack,
1433: Christophe Jolif,
1434: Charles McCathieNevile,
1435: Dan Winship,
1436: David Håsäther,
1437: Dean Jackson,
1438: Denis Sureau,
1439: Doug Schepers,
1440: Douglas Livingstone,
1441: Elliotte Harold,
1442: Eric Lawrence,
1.163 avankest 1443: Geoffrey Sneddon,
1.159 avankest 1444: Gideon Cohn,
1445: Gorm Haug Eriksen,
1446: Hallvord R. M. Steen,
1447: Håkon Wium Lie,
1448: Ian Davis,
1449: Ian Hickson,
1450: Ivan Herman,
1451: Jeff Walden,
1452: Jens Lindström,
1453: Jim Deegan,
1454: Jim Ley,
1455: Joe Farro,
1456: Jonas Sicking,
1457: Julian Reschke,
1458: Karl Dubost,
1459: Maciej Stachowiak,
1460: Magnus Kristiansen,
1461: Marc Hadley,
1462: Marcos Caceres,
1463: Mark Baker,
1464: Mark Nottingham,
1465: Mohamed Zergaoui,
1466: Pawel Glowacki,
1467: Robin Berjon,
1468: Ruud Steltenpool,
1469: Simon Pieters,
1470: Stewart Brodie,
1471: Sunava Dutta,
1472: Tom Magliery and
1473: Zhenbin Xu
1474:
1475: for their contributions to this specification.</p>
1.12 avankest 1476:
1.1 avankest 1477: <p>Special thanks to the Microsoft employees who first implemented the
1.143 avankest 1478: <code title="">XMLHttpRequest</code> interface, which was first widely
1479: deployed by the Windows Internet Explorer browser.</p>
1.12 avankest 1480:
1.143 avankest 1481: <p>Special thanks also to the WHATWG for drafting an initial version of
1482: this specification in their Web Applications 1.0 document (now renamed to
1483: HTML 5). [<cite><span>HTML5</span></cite>]</p>
1.12 avankest 1484:
1.143 avankest 1485: <p>Thanks also to all those who have helped to improve this specification
1486: by sending suggestions and corrections. (Please, keep bugging us with your
1.22 avankest 1487: issues!)</p>
1.1 avankest 1488: </body>
1489: </html>
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