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4: <title>The XMLHttpRequest Object</title>
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1.1 avankest 25: </head>
26: <body>
27: <div class="head">
28: <p><a href="http://www.w3.org/"><img height="48" width="72" alt="W3C" src="http://www.w3.org/Icons/w3c_home"></a></p>
1.12 avankest 29:
1.10 avankest 30: <h1 class="head">The <code title="">XMLHttpRequest</code> Object</h1>
1.12 avankest 31:
1.127 ! avankest 32: <h2 class="no-num no-toc" id="pagesubtitle">Editor's draft<!--W3C Working Draft--> [DATE: 3 August 2002]</h2>
1.12 avankest 33:
1.1 avankest 34: <dl>
1.10 avankest 35: <dt>This Version:</dt>
1.24 avankest 36:
1.47 avankest 37: <dd><a href="[VERSION]/">http://www.w3.org/TR/[YEAR]/WD-XMLHttpRequest-[CDATE]/</a></dd>
1.14 avankest 38:
1.10 avankest 39: <dt>Latest Version:</dt>
1.24 avankest 40:
1.1 avankest 41: <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/XMLHttpRequest/">http://www.w3.org/TR/XMLHttpRequest/</a></dd>
1.14 avankest 42:
1.10 avankest 43: <dt>Previous Versions:</dt>
1.24 avankest 44:
1.58 avankest 45: <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2007/WD-XMLHttpRequest-20070227/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2007/WD-XMLHttpRequest-20070227/</a></dd>
46:
1.22 avankest 47: <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/WD-XMLHttpRequest-20060927/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/WD-XMLHttpRequest-20060927/</a></dd>
1.24 avankest 48:
1.1 avankest 49: <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/WD-XMLHttpRequest-20060619/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/WD-XMLHttpRequest-20060619/</a></dd>
1.24 avankest 50:
1.1 avankest 51: <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/WD-XMLHttpRequest-20060405/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/WD-XMLHttpRequest-20060405/</a></dd>
1.14 avankest 52:
1.1 avankest 53: <dt>Editor:</dt>
1.24 avankest 54:
1.1 avankest 55: <dd><a href="http://annevankesteren.nl/">Anne van Kesteren</a>
56: (<a href="http://www.opera.com/">Opera Software ASA</a>)
57: <<a href="mailto:annevk@opera.com">annevk@opera.com</a>></dd>
58: </dl>
1.14 avankest 59:
1.1 avankest 60: <p class="copyright"><a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#Copyright">Copyright</a>
1.51 avankest 61: © 2007
62: <a href="http://www.w3.org/"><acronym title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</acronym></a><sup>®</sup>
63: (<a href="http://www.csail.mit.edu/"><acronym title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">MIT</acronym></a>,
64: <a href="http://www.ercim.org/"><acronym title="European Research Consortium for Informatics and Mathematics">ERCIM</acronym></a>,
65: <a href="http://www.keio.ac.jp/">Keio</a>), All Rights Reserved. W3C
66: <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#Legal_Disclaimer">liability</a>,
67: <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#W3C_Trademarks">trademark</a>
68: and
69: <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/copyright-documents">document
70: use</a> rules apply.</p>
1.1 avankest 71: </div>
1.12 avankest 72:
1.1 avankest 73: <hr>
1.12 avankest 74:
1.1 avankest 75: <h2 class="no-num no-toc" id="specabstract">Abstract</h2>
1.10 avankest 76:
1.22 avankest 77: <p>The <code title="">XMLHttpRequest</code> Object specification defines an
78: <abbr title="Application Programming Interface">API</abbr> that provides
79: scripted client functionality for transferring data between a client and a
80: server.</p>
1.12 avankest 81:
1.1 avankest 82: <h2 class="no-num no-toc" id="sotd">Status of this Document</h2>
1.12 avankest 83:
1.1 avankest 84: <p><em>This section describes the status of this document at the time of its
1.36 avankest 85: publication. Other documents may supersede this document. A list of current
86: W3C publications and the latest revision of this technical report can be
87: found in the <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/">W3C technical reports index</a>
1.117 avankest 88: at http://www.w3.org/TR/.</em></p>
1.36 avankest 89:
1.63 avankest 90: <!-- change back to Last Call -->
1.127 ! avankest 91: <p>This is the [DATE: 3 August 2002] <strong>Editor's</strong> <!--Working-->
! 92: Draft of The <code title="">XMLHttpRequest</code> Object specification. Please
! 93: send comments to
1.47 avankest 94: <a href="mailto:public-webapi@w3.org">public-webapi@w3.org</a>
95: (<a href="http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/public-webapi/">archived</a>)
96: with either <samp>[XHR]</samp> or <samp title="">[XMLHttpRequest]</samp> at
1.63 avankest 97: the start of the subject line<!-- by 2 April 2007-->.</p>
1.51 avankest 98:
1.47 avankest 99: <p>This document is produced by the
100: <a href="http://www.w3.org/2006/webapi/">Web API Working Group</a>, part of
101: the <a href="http://www.w3.org/2006/rwc/Activity">Rich Web Clients
102: Activity</a> in the W3C <a href="http://www.w3.org/Interaction/">Interaction
1.51 avankest 103: Domain</a>. Changes made to this document can be found in the
1.47 avankest 104: <a href="http://dev.w3.org/cvsweb/2006/webapi/XMLHttpRequest/Overview.html">W3C
1.117 avankest 105: public CVS server</a>.</p>
1.12 avankest 106:
1.1 avankest 107: <p>Publication as a Working Draft does not imply endorsement by the W3C
1.36 avankest 108: Membership. This is a draft document and may be updated, replaced or
109: obsoleted by other documents at any time. It is inappropriate to cite this
110: document as other than work in progress.</p>
1.12 avankest 111:
1.1 avankest 112: <p>This document was produced by a group operating under the
1.36 avankest 113: <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Patent-Policy-20040205/">5 February
1.52 avankest 114: 2004 W3C Patent Policy</a>. W3C maintains a
1.36 avankest 115: <a rel="disclosure" href="http://www.w3.org/2004/01/pp-impl/38482/status">public
116: list of any patent disclosures</a> made in connection with the deliverables
117: of the group; that page also includes instructions for disclosing a patent.
118: An individual who has actual knowledge of a patent which the individual
119: believes contains
120: <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Patent-Policy-20040205/#def-essential">Essential
121: Claim(s)</a> must disclose the information in accordance with
122: <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Patent-Policy-20040205/#sec-Disclosure">section
123: 6 of the W3C Patent Policy</a>.</p>
1.12 avankest 124:
1.1 avankest 125: <h2 class="no-num no-toc" id="toc">Table of Contents</h2>
1.21 avankest 126:
1.1 avankest 127: <!--toc-->
1.12 avankest 128:
1.1 avankest 129: <h2 id="introduction">Introduction</h2>
1.12 avankest 130:
1.1 avankest 131: <p><em>This section is non-normative.</em></p>
1.12 avankest 132:
1.33 avankest 133: <p>The <code>XMLHttpRequest</code> object implements an interface exposed by
134: a scripting engine that allows scripts to perform HTTP client functionality,
1.22 avankest 135: such as submitting form data or loading data from a server.</p>
1.24 avankest 136:
1.1 avankest 137: <p>The name of the object is <code>XMLHttpRequest</code> for compatibility
1.127 ! avankest 138: with the Web, though each component of this name is potentially misleading.
1.39 avankest 139: First, the object supports any text based format, including XML. Second, it
140: can be used to make requests over both HTTP and HTTPS (some implementations
141: support protocols in addition to HTTP and HTTPS, but that functionality is
142: not covered by this specification). Finally, it supports "requests" in a
143: broad sense of the term as it pertains to HTTP; namely all activity involved
144: with HTTP requests or responses for the defined HTTP methods.</p>
1.12 avankest 145:
1.1 avankest 146: <h3 id="examples">Examples of Usage</h3>
1.12 avankest 147:
1.1 avankest 148: <p><em>This section is non-normative.</em></p>
1.12 avankest 149:
1.37 avankest 150: <p>Some [<cite><span>ECMAScript</span></cite>] examples
1.32 avankest 151: are listed in the specification. In addition, you can find some below.</p>
1.14 avankest 152:
153: <div class="example">
154: <p>Some simple code to do something with data from an XML document fetched
1.22 avankest 155: over the network:</p>
1.16 avankest 156:
1.58 avankest 157: <pre><code>function test(data) {
1.14 avankest 158: // taking care of data
159: }
160:
161: function handler() {
1.117 avankest 162: if(this.readyState == 4 && this.status == 200) {
1.14 avankest 163: // so far so good
1.117 avankest 164: if(this.responseXML != null && this.responseXML.getElementById('test').firstChild.data)
165: // success!
1.14 avankest 166: test(this.responseXML.getElementById('test').firstChild.data);
167: else
168: test(null);
1.117 avankest 169: } else if (this.readyState == 4 && this.status != 200) {
1.14 avankest 170: // fetched the wrong page or network error...
171: test(null);
172: }
173: }
1.12 avankest 174:
1.14 avankest 175: var client = new XMLHttpRequest();
176: client.onreadystatechange = handler;
177: client.open("GET", "test.xml");
1.58 avankest 178: client.send();</code></pre>
1.16 avankest 179:
1.56 avankest 180: <p>If you just want to log a message to the server:</p>
1.16 avankest 181:
1.58 avankest 182: <pre><code>function log(message) {
1.14 avankest 183: var client = new XMLHttpRequest();
1.56 avankest 184: client.open("POST", "/log");
1.57 avankest 185: client.setRequestHeader("Content-Type", "text/plain;charset=UTF-8");
1.14 avankest 186: client.send(message);
1.58 avankest 187: }</code></pre>
1.16 avankest 188:
1.14 avankest 189: <p>Or if you want to check the status of a document on the server:</p>
1.16 avankest 190:
1.58 avankest 191: <pre><code>function fetchStatus(address) {
1.14 avankest 192: var client = new XMLHttpRequest();
193: client.onreadystatechange = function() {
194: // in case of network errors this might not give reliable results
195: if(this.readyState == 4)
196: returnStatus(this.status);
197: }
198: client.open("HEAD", address);
199: client.send();
1.58 avankest 200: }</code></pre>
1.14 avankest 201: </div>
1.12 avankest 202:
1.1 avankest 203: <h3 id="conformance">Conformance</h3>
1.12 avankest 204:
1.27 avankest 205: <p>Everything in this specification is normative except for diagrams,
206: examples, notes and sections marked non-normative.</p>
1.12 avankest 207:
1.1 avankest 208: <p>The key words <em class="ct">must</em>, <em class="ct">must not</em>,
1.74 avankest 209: <em class="ct">should</em> and <em class="ct">may</em> in this document are
210: to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119.
211: [<cite><span>RFC2119</span></cite>]</p>
1.12 avankest 212:
1.1 avankest 213: <p>This specification defines the following classes of products:</p>
1.12 avankest 214:
1.1 avankest 215: <dl>
1.74 avankest 216: <dt><dfn id="conforming-user-agent">Conforming user agent</dfn></dt>
1.24 avankest 217:
1.74 avankest 218: <dd>
219: <p>A user agent <em class="ct">must</em> behave as described in this
1.106 avankest 220: specification in order to be considered conformant.</p>
1.95 avankest 221:
1.94 avankest 222: <p>If the user agent does not support XML (including support for
223: namespaces) the <span>XML response entity body</span>
224: <em class="ct">must</em> (always) be <code>null</code>.</p>
1.74 avankest 225:
1.75 avankest 226: <p>User agents <em class="ct">may</em> optimize any algorithm given in
227: this specification, so long as the end result is indistinguishable from
228: the result that would be obtained by the specification's algorithms. (The
229: algorithms in this specification are generally written with more concern
230: for clarity than efficiency.)</p>
1.110 avankest 231:
1.95 avankest 232: <p class="note">This specification uses both the terms "conforming user
233: agent(s)" and "user agent(s)" to refer to this product class.</p>
1.74 avankest 234: </dd>
1.110 avankest 235:
1.94 avankest 236: <dt><dfn id="conforming-xml-user-agent">Conforming XML user agent</dfn></dt>
1.110 avankest 237:
1.94 avankest 238: <dd><p>A user agent that is a <span>conforming user agent</span> and also
239: supports XML (including support for namespaces).</p></dd>
1.1 avankest 240: </dl>
1.32 avankest 241:
1.30 avankest 242: <h4 id="dependencies">Dependencies</h4>
1.33 avankest 243:
1.29 avankest 244: <p>This specification relies on several underlying specifications.</p>
245: <dl>
246: <dt>DOM</dt>
1.33 avankest 247:
1.29 avankest 248: <dd>
1.126 avankest 249: <p>A <span title="conforming user agent">conforming user agent</span>
1.95 avankest 250: <em class="ct">must</em> support some version of DOM Events and DOM Core,
251: because this specification uses some of the features defined in those
252: specifications. [<cite><span>DOM3Events</span></cite>]
253: [<cite><span>DOM3Core</span></cite>]</p>
254:
255: <p>It <em class="ct">must</em> also support some version of the Window
256: Object because some of the functionality in this specification relies on
257: it. [<cite><span>Window</span></cite>]</p>
1.29 avankest 258: </dd>
259:
260: <dt>HTTP</dt>
1.33 avankest 261:
1.29 avankest 262: <dd>
1.126 avankest 263: <p>A <span title="conforming user agent">conforming user agent</span>
264: <em class="ct">must</em> support some version of the HTTP protocol. It
265: <em class="ct">should</em> support any HTTP method that matches the
266: <span><code>Method</code> production</span> and <em class="ct">must</em> at
267: least support the following methods:</p>
1.58 avankest 268:
269: <ul>
270: <li><code>GET</code></li>
271: <li><code>POST</code></li>
272: <li><code>HEAD</code></li>
273: <li><code>PUT</code></li>
274: <li><code>DELETE</code></li>
275: <li><code>OPTIONS</code></li>
276: </ul>
1.126 avankest 277:
1.58 avankest 278: <p>Other requirements regarding HTTP are made throughout the
1.39 avankest 279: specification. [<cite><span>RFC2616</span></cite>]</p>
1.29 avankest 280: </dd>
1.41 avankest 281:
282: <dt>XML</dt>
283:
1.95 avankest 284: <dd><p><span title="Conforming XML user agent">Conforming XML user
285: agents</span> <em class="ct">must</em> support XML (including support for
286: namespaces). [<cite><span>XML</span></cite>]
287: [<cite><span>XMLNS</span></cite>]</p></dd>
1.29 avankest 288: </dl>
1.12 avankest 289:
1.80 avankest 290: <h4 id="terminology">Terminology</h4>
1.12 avankest 291:
1.80 avankest 292: <p>There is a <dfn id="case-insensitive-match">case-insensitive match</dfn>
1.101 avankest 293: of strings <var>s1</var> and <var>s2</var> if after uppercasing both strings
1.100 avankest 294: (by mapping a-z to A-Z) they are identical.</p>
1.80 avankest 295:
296: <h4 id="extensibility">Extensibility</h4>
1.12 avankest 297:
1.81 avankest 298: <p>Extensions of the API defined by this specification are <em>strongly
1.22 avankest 299: discouraged</em>. User agents, Working Groups and other interested parties
1.33 avankest 300: should discuss extensions on a relevant public forum, preferably
1.22 avankest 301: <a href="mailto:public-webapi@w3.org">public-webapi@w3.org</a>.</p>
1.12 avankest 302:
303: <h2 id="xmlhttprequest">The <code title="">XMLHttpRequest</code> Object</h2>
304:
1.58 avankest 305: <p>The <code>XMLHttpRequest</code> object can be used by scripts to
1.22 avankest 306: programmatically connect to their originating server via HTTP.</p>
1.12 avankest 307:
1.1 avankest 308: <p>Objects implementing the <code>XMLHttpRequest</code> interface
1.22 avankest 309: <em class="ct">must</em> also implement the <code>EventTarget</code>
1.58 avankest 310: interface. [<cite><span>DOM3Events</span></cite>]</p>
1.12 avankest 311:
1.58 avankest 312: <p>Objects implementing the <code title="">Window</code> interface
313: <em class="ct">must</em> provide an <code title="">XMLHttpRequest()</code>
314: constructor. [<cite><span>Window</span></cite>]</p>
1.12 avankest 315:
1.1 avankest 316: <div class="example">
1.58 avankest 317: <p>In ECMAScript this can be used as follows:</p>
318:
319: <pre><code>var client = new XMLHttpRequest();</code></pre>
1.1 avankest 320: </div>
1.12 avankest 321:
1.58 avankest 322: <p>When the <code title="">XMLHttpRequest()</code> constructor is invoked a
323: persistent pointer to the associated <code title="">Window</code> object
324: <em class="ct">must</em> be stored on the newly created object. This is the
1.25 avankest 325: <dfn title="Window pointer" id="window-pointer"><code>Window</code>
1.58 avankest 326: pointer</dfn>. The associated <code title="">Window</code> object is the one
1.127 ! avankest 327: of which the <code title="">XMLHttpRequest</code> constructor was invoked.
! 328: This <span title="Window pointer">pointer</span> <em class="ct">must</em>
! 329: persist even if the browsing context in which the <code title="">Window</code>
! 330: is located is destroyed (by removing it from a parent browsing context, for
! 331: instance).</p>
1.25 avankest 332:
1.37 avankest 333: <p>The term browsing context is defined by the <cite>Window Object
334: 1.0</cite> specification. [<cite><span>Window</span></cite>]</p>
1.27 avankest 335:
336: <!-- XXX if the document object changes in the browsing context you get an
1.33 avankest 337: exception in some implementations. -->
1.27 avankest 338:
1.58 avankest 339: <div class="example">
1.65 avankest 340: <p>If <var><code>win</code></var> is a <code title="">Window</code> object
341: <var><code>client</code></var> will have a pointer to
342: <var><code>win</code></var> in the following example:</p>
1.58 avankest 343:
1.65 avankest 344: <pre><code>var client = new win.XMLHttpRequest()</code></pre>
1.58 avankest 345: </div>
1.12 avankest 346:
1.58 avankest 347: <pre class="idl">interface <dfn id="xmlhttprequest-object">XMLHttpRequest</dfn> {
348: // event handler
1.70 avankest 349: attribute EventListener <span>onreadystatechange</span>;
1.58 avankest 350:
351: // state
1.71 avankest 352: const unsigned short <span title="UNSENT state">UNSENT</span> = 0;
1.58 avankest 353: const unsigned short <span title="OPEN state">OPEN</span> = 1;
1.123 avankest 354: const unsigned short <span title="HEADERS_RECEIVED state">HEADERS_RECEIVED</span> = 2;
1.86 avankest 355: const unsigned short <span title="LOADING state">LOADING</span> = 3;
1.117 avankest 356: const unsigned short <span title="DONE state">DONE</span> = 4;
1.70 avankest 357: readonly attribute unsigned short <span>readyState</span>;
1.58 avankest 358:
359: // request
1.70 avankest 360: void <span>open</span>(in DOMString <var>method</var>, in DOMString <var>url</var>);
361: void <span>open</span>(in DOMString <var>method</var>, in DOMString <var>url</var>, in boolean <var>async</var>);
362: void <span>open</span>(in DOMString <var>method</var>, in DOMString <var>url</var>, in boolean <var>async</var>, in DOMString <var>user</var>);
363: void <span>open</span>(in DOMString <var>method</var>, in DOMString <var>url</var>, in boolean <var>async</var>, in DOMString <var>user</var>, in DOMString <var>password</var>);
364: void <span>setRequestHeader</span>(in DOMString <var>header</var>, in DOMString <var>value</var>);
365: void <span>send</span>();
366: void <span>send</span>(in DOMString <var>data</var>);
367: void <span>send</span>(in Document <var>data</var>);
368: void <span>abort</span>();
1.58 avankest 369:
370: // response
1.70 avankest 371: DOMString <span>getAllResponseHeaders</span>();
372: DOMString <span>getResponseHeader</span>(in DOMString <var>header</var>);
373: readonly attribute DOMString <span>responseText</span>;
374: readonly attribute Document <span>responseXML</span>;
375: readonly attribute unsigned short <span>status</span>;
376: readonly attribute DOMString <span>statusText</span>;
1.1 avankest 377: };</pre>
1.8 avankest 378:
1.58 avankest 379: <p>The <code>XMLHttpRequest</code> object can be in five states:
1.71 avankest 380: <span title="UNSENT state">UNSENT</span>,
1.123 avankest 381: <span title="OPEN state">OPEN</span>,
382: <span title="HEADERS_RECEIVED state">HEADERS_RECEIVED</span>,
1.86 avankest 383: <span title="LOADING state">LOADING</span> and
1.79 avankest 384: <span title="DONE state">DONE</span>. The current state is exposed through
385: the <code>readyState</code> attribute. The method definitions below define
386: when a state transition takes place.</p>
1.58 avankest 387:
388: <p>When constructed, the <code>XMLHttpRequest</code> object
1.71 avankest 389: <em class="ct">must</em> be in the UNSENT state. This state is represented
390: by the <dfn id="unsent" title="UNSENT state"><code>UNSENT</code></dfn>
1.58 avankest 391: constant, whose value is <code>0</code>.</p>
392:
393: <p>The OPEN state is the state of the object when the <code>open()</code>
1.92 avankest 394: method has been successfully invoked. During this state request headers can
1.58 avankest 395: be set using <code>setRequestHeader()</code> and the request can be made
396: using <code>send()</code>. This state is represented by the
397: <dfn id="open" title="OPEN state"><code>OPEN</code></dfn> constant, whose
398: value is <code>1</code>.</p>
399:
1.124 avankest 400: <p>The OPEN state has an associated <dfn id="send-flag"><code>send()</code>
1.104 avankest 401: flag</dfn> which can be either "true" or "false". The initial value of the
402: <code title="">send()</code> flag is "false".</p>
1.87 avankest 403:
1.123 avankest 404: <p>The HEADERS_RECEIVED state is the state of the object when all response
405: headers have been received. This state is represented by the
406: <dfn id="headers-received" title="HEADERS_RECEIVED state"><code>HEADERS_RECEIVED</code></dfn>
407: constant, whose value is <code>2</code>.</p>
408:
409: <p>The LOADING state is the state of the object when the response entity body
410: is being received. This state is represented by the
1.86 avankest 411: <dfn id="loading" title="LOADING state"><code>LOADING</code></dfn> constant,
412: whose value is <code>3</code>.</p>
1.58 avankest 413:
1.79 avankest 414: <p>The DONE state is the state of the object when either the data transfer
1.58 avankest 415: has been completed or something went wrong during the transfer (infinite
416: redirects for instance). This state is represented by the
1.79 avankest 417: <dfn id="done" title="DONE state"><code>DONE</code></dfn> constant, whose
418: value is <code>4</code>.</p>
1.90 avankest 419:
1.124 avankest 420: <p>The DONE state has an associated <dfn id="error-flag">error flag</dfn>
421: which can be either "true" or "false". The initial value of the error flag is
422: "false".</p>
423:
1.88 avankest 424: <p>The <dfn id="response-entity-body">response entity body</dfn> is the
425: fragment of the <span>entity body</span> received so far (LOADING state) or
426: the complete entity body (DONE state). If there is no entity body the
427: response entity body is "null".</p>
428:
429: <p>The <dfn id="text-response-entity-body">text response entity body</dfn>
1.107 avankest 430: is either a <code>DOMString</code> representing the <span>response entity
1.126 avankest 431: body</span> or <code>null</code>. The text response entity body is the return
432: value of the following algorithm:</p>
1.90 avankest 433:
1.88 avankest 434: <ol>
1.107 avankest 435: <li><p>If the response entity body is "null" return <code>null</code> and
436: terminate these steps.</p>
1.90 avankest 437:
1.113 avankest 438: <li><p>Let <var>charset</var> be "null".</p></li>
1.90 avankest 439:
440: <li><p>If there is no <code>Content-Type</code> header or there is a
441: <code>Content-Type</code> header which contains a MIME type that is
1.116 avankest 442: <code>text/xml</code>, <code>application/xml</code> or ends in
443: <code title="">+xml</code> (ignoring any parameters) use the rules set forth
1.126 avankest 444: in the XML specifications to determine the character encoding. Let
1.116 avankest 445: <var>charset</var> be the determined character encoding.</p></li>
1.90 avankest 446:
1.127 ! avankest 447: <li><p>If there is a <code>Content-Type</code> header which contains a
1.118 avankest 448: <code>text/html</code> MIME type follow the rules set forth in the HTML
449: specification to determine the character encoding. Let <var>charset</var> be
450: the determined character encoding.</p></li>
451: <!-- XXX ref -->
452:
1.115 avankest 453: <li>
454: <p>If the <code>Content-Type</code> MIME type contains a
455: <code>charset</code> parameter and <var>charset</var> is "null" let
456: <var>charset</var> be the value of that parameter.</p>
1.118 avankest 457:
458: <p class="note">The algorithms described by the XML and HTML specifications
459: already take <code>Content-Type</code> into account.</p>
1.115 avankest 460: </li>
1.118 avankest 461:
1.111 avankest 462: <li>
463: <!-- This stuff is copied from HTML5. Thanks Hixie! -->
1.113 avankest 464: <p>If <var>charset</var> is "null" then, for each of the rows in the
1.127 ! avankest 465: following table, starting with the first one and going down, if the first
! 466: bytes of <var>bytes</var> match the bytes given in the first column, then
! 467: let <var>charset</var> be the encoding given in the cell in the second
! 468: column of that row. If there is no match <var>charset</var> remains
! 469: "null".</p>
1.117 avankest 470:
471: <table>
472: <thead>
473: <tr>
1.111 avankest 474: <th>Bytes in Hexadecimal
475: <th>Description
1.117 avankest 476: <tbody>
477: <tr>
1.111 avankest 478: <td>00 00 FE FF
1.117 avankest 479: <td>UTF-32BE BOM
480: <tr>
481: <td>FF FE 00 00
482: <td>UTF-32LE BOM
483: <tr>
484: <td>FE FF
485: <td>UTF-16BE BOM
486: <tr>
487: <td>FF FE
488: <td>UTF-16LE BOM
489: <tr>
490: <td>EF BB BF
491: <td>UTF-8 BOM<!-- nobody uses this
492: <tr>
493: <td>DD 73 66 73
494: <td>UTF-EBCDIC
495: -->
496: </table>
1.111 avankest 497: </li>
498:
1.113 avankest 499: <li><p>If <var>charset</var> is "null" let <var>charset</var> be
500: UTF-8.</p></li>
501:
1.107 avankest 502: <li><p>Return the result of decoding the response entity body using
503: <var>charset</var>. Or, if that fails, return <code>null</code>.</p></li>
1.88 avankest 504: </ol>
1.90 avankest 505:
1.88 avankest 506: <p>The <dfn id="xml-response-entity-body">XML response entity body</dfn> is
1.107 avankest 507: either a <code>Document</code> representing the <span>response entity
1.126 avankest 508: body</span> or <code>null</code>. The XML response entity body is the return
509: value of the following algorithm:</p>
1.90 avankest 510:
1.88 avankest 511: <ol>
1.107 avankest 512: <li><p>If the response entity body is "null" terminate these steps and
513: return <code>null</code>.</p></li>
1.88 avankest 514:
1.103 avankest 515: <li><p>If a <code>Content-Type</code> is present and it does not contain a
516: MIME type (ignoring any parameters) that is <code>text/xml</code>,
1.116 avankest 517: <code>application/xml</code> or ends in <code title="">+xml</code> terminate
518: these steps and return <code>null</code>. (Do not terminate these steps if
519: there is no <code>Content-Type</code> header at all.)</p></li>
1.88 avankest 520:
1.107 avankest 521: <li><p>Parse the response entity body following the rules from the XML
522: specifications. Let the result be <var>parsed document</var>. If this fails
523: (unsupported character encoding, namespace well-formedness error et cetera)
524: terminate these steps return <code>null</code>.
1.96 avankest 525: [<cite><span>XML</span></cite>] [<cite><span>XMLNS</span></cite>]</p></li>
1.88 avankest 526:
1.96 avankest 527: <li><p>Return an object implementing the <code>Document</code>
1.88 avankest 528: interface representing the <var>parsed document</var>.</p></li>
529: </ol>
1.58 avankest 530:
1.5 avankest 531: <dl>
1.39 avankest 532: <dt><dfn id="dfn-onreadystatechange"><code>onreadystatechange</code></dfn>
533: of type <code>EventListener</code></dt>
1.12 avankest 534:
1.1 avankest 535: <dd>
536: <p>An attribute that takes an <code>EventListener</code> as value that
1.58 avankest 537: <em class="ct">must</em> be invoked along with any other appropriate event
538: listeners that are registered on this object when a
1.87 avankest 539: <code>readystatechange</code> event is dispatched on it during the
540: bubbling phase. Its initial value <em class="ct">must</em> be
541: <code>null</code>.</p>
1.1 avankest 542: </dd>
1.12 avankest 543:
1.1 avankest 544: <dt><dfn id="dfn-readystate"><code>readyState</code></dfn> of type
1.22 avankest 545: <code>unsigned short</code>, readonly</dt>
1.12 avankest 546:
1.1 avankest 547: <dd>
1.58 avankest 548: <p>The attribute <em class="ct">must</em> be the value of the constant
549: corresponding to the object's current state.</p>
1.1 avankest 550: </dd>
1.12 avankest 551:
1.14 avankest 552: <dt><dfn id="dfn-open" title="open"><code>open(<var>method</var>,
1.22 avankest 553: <var>url</var>, <var>async</var>, <var>user</var>,
554: <var>password</var>)</code></dfn>, method</dt>
1.12 avankest 555:
1.1 avankest 556: <dd>
1.58 avankest 557: <p>When invoked, the user agent <em class="ct">must</em> follow the
1.96 avankest 558: following steps (unless otherwise indicated):</p>
1.58 avankest 559:
560: <ol>
1.97 avankest 561: <li><p>If the <var>method</var> argument does not match the
1.58 avankest 562: <dfn><code>Method</code> production</dfn> defined in section 5.1.1 of RFC
1.98 avankest 563: 2616 raise a <code>SYNTAX_ERR</code> exception and terminate these steps.
1.58 avankest 564: [<cite><span>RFC2616</span></cite>]</p></li>
565:
566: <li><p>If the given <var>method</var> is not supported for security
567: reasons the user agent <em class="ct">should</em> raise a
1.98 avankest 568: <code>SECURITY_ERR</code> exception and terminate these steps.</p></li>
1.58 avankest 569:
570: <li><p>Let <var>stored method</var> be <var>method</var>.</p></li>
571:
1.80 avankest 572: <li><p>If <var>method</var>
573: <span title="case-insensitive match">case-insensitively matches</span>
574: <code>GET</code>, <code>POST</code>, <code>HEAD</code>, <code>PUT</code>,
1.96 avankest 575: <code>DELETE</code> or <code>OPTIONS</code> convert it to its uppercase
576: equivalent (by mapping a-z to A-Z) and let <var>stored method</var> be
577: the result.</p></li>
1.68 avankest 578: <!-- WebKit (and supposedly Firefox) also uppercase: CONNECT, COPY,
579: INDEX, LOCK, M-POST, MKCOL, MOVE, PROPFIND, PROPPATCH, TRACE and UNLOCK.
580: Not sure if TRACE and CONNECT are worth it though. They raise a
581: SECURITY_ERR exception anyway... -->
1.58 avankest 582:
583: <li><p>Drop the fragment identifier (if any) from <var>url</var> and let
584: <var>stored url</var> be the result of that operation.</p></li>
585:
1.96 avankest 586: <li><p>If <var>stored url</var> is a relative reference resolve it using
587: the current value of the <code>baseURI</code> attribute of the
588: <code>Document</code> object currently associated with the
589: <span><code>Window</code> pointer</span>. If this fails raise a
1.98 avankest 590: <code>SYNTAX_ERR</code> exception and terminate these steps.</p></li>
1.58 avankest 591:
1.101 avankest 592: <li><p>If <var>stored url</var> contains an unsupported scheme raise a
593: <code>NOT_SUPPORTED_ERR</code> and terminate these steps.</p></li>
1.110 avankest 594:
1.58 avankest 595: <li><p>If the <code>"user:password"</code> format in the
596: <code>userinfo</code> production defined in section 3.2.1 of RFC 3986 is
597: not supported for the relevant scheme and <var>stored url</var> contains
1.98 avankest 598: this format raise a <code>SYNTAX_ERR</code> and terminate these steps.
1.69 avankest 599: [<cite><span>RFC3986</span></cite>]</p></li>
1.58 avankest 600:
601: <li><p>If <var>stored url</var> contains the <code>"user:password"</code>
602: format let <var>stored user</var> be the user part and <var>stored
603: password</var> be the password part.</p></li>
604:
605: <li><p>If <var>stored url</var> just contains the <code>"user"</code>
606: format let <var>stored user</var> be the user part.</p></li>
607:
1.69 avankest 608: <li>
609: <p>If <var>stored url</var> is non same-origin the user agent
610: <em class="ct">should</em> raise a <code>SECURITY_ERR</code> exception
1.98 avankest 611: and terminate these steps.</p>
1.69 avankest 612: <p class="note">This specification does not define what constitutes as
1.117 avankest 613: non same-origin. It is expected that what constitutes as non same-origin
1.102 avankest 614: will be defined before this specification eventually reaches the W3C
615: Recommendation status by way of referencing a specification that defines
616: it.<!-- XXX reference HTML5? --></p>
1.69 avankest 617: </li>
1.58 avankest 618:
619: <li><p>Let <var>async</var> be the value of the <var>async</var> argument
1.102 avankest 620: or <code>true</code> if it was omitted.</p></li>
1.58 avankest 621:
1.126 avankest 622: <li><p>If the <var>user</var> argument was not omitted, and its syntax
623: does not match that specified by the relevant authentication scheme, raise
1.98 avankest 624: a <code>SYNTAX_ERR</code> exception and terminate these steps.</p></li>
1.14 avankest 625:
1.58 avankest 626: <li>
627: <p>If the <var>user</var> argument was not omitted and is not
628: <code>null</code> let <var>stored user</var> be <var>user</var> encoded
629: using the encoding specified in the relevant authentication scheme or
630: UTF-8 if the scheme fails to specify an encoding.</p>
1.14 avankest 631:
1.58 avankest 632: <p class="note">This step overrides any user that may have been set by
633: the <var>url</var> argument.</p>
634: </li>
1.16 avankest 635:
1.58 avankest 636: <li><p>If the <var>user</var> argument was not omitted and is
637: <code>null</code> remove <var>stored user</var>.</p></li>
1.14 avankest 638:
1.58 avankest 639: <li><p>If the <var>password</var> argument was not omitted and its syntax
1.96 avankest 640: does not match that specified by the relevant authentication scheme raise
1.98 avankest 641: a <code>SYNTAX_ERR</code> exception and terminate these steps.</p></li>
1.58 avankest 642:
643: <li><p>If the <var>password</var> argument was not omitted and is not
644: <code>null</code> let <var>stored password</var> be <var>password</var>
645: encoded using the encoding specified in the relevant authentication
646: scheme or UTF-8 if the scheme fails to specify an encoding.</p></li>
647:
648: <li><p>If the <var>password</var> argument was not omitted and is
649: <code>null</code> remove <var>stored password</var>.</p></li>
650:
1.108 avankest 651: <li><p><span title="abort send()">Abort the <code>send()</code>
652: algorithm</span>, set <span>response entity body</span> to "null" and
653: reset the list of request headers.<p></li>
1.58 avankest 654:
1.108 avankest 655: <li><p>The user agent <em class="ct">should</em> cancel any network
656: activity for which the object is responsible.</p></li>
1.58 avankest 657: <!-- we can hardly require it... -->
658:
659: <li><p>Switch the object to the <span title="OPEN state">OPEN</span>
1.105 avankest 660: state, set the <span><code>send()</code> flag</span> to "false" and then
1.104 avankest 661: synchronously dispatch a <code>readystatechange</code> event on the
662: object and return the method call.</p></li>
1.58 avankest 663: </ol>
1.14 avankest 664:
1.19 avankest 665: <p class="note">A future version or extension of this specification will
1.33 avankest 666: most likely define a way of doing cross-site requests.</p>
1.1 avankest 667: </dd>
1.12 avankest 668:
1.14 avankest 669: <dt><dfn id="dfn-setrequestheader" title="setrequestheader"><code>setRequestHeader(<var>header</var>,
1.22 avankest 670: <var>value</var>)</code></dfn>, method</dt>
1.12 avankest 671:
1.5 avankest 672: <dd>
1.45 avankest 673: <p>Each request has a list of request headers with associated values. This
674: method can be used to manipulate those values and set new request
675: headers.</p>
676:
1.58 avankest 677: <p>When invoked, the user agent <em class="ct">must</em> follow the
1.96 avankest 678: following steps (unless otherwise indicated):</p>
1.14 avankest 679:
1.58 avankest 680: <ol>
681: <li><p>If the state of the object is not
1.96 avankest 682: <span title="OPEN state">OPEN</span> raise an
1.98 avankest 683: <code>INVALID_STATE_ERR</code> exception and terminate these
684: steps.</p></li>
1.96 avankest 685:
686: <li><p>If the <span><code>send()</code> flag</span> is "true" raise an
1.98 avankest 687: <code>INVALID_STATE_ERR</code> exception and terminate these
688: steps.</p></li>
1.14 avankest 689:
1.97 avankest 690: <li><p>If the <var>header</var> argument does not match the
1.22 avankest 691: <dfn><code>field-name</code> production</dfn> as defined by section 4.2
1.96 avankest 692: of RFC 2616 or is <code>null</code> raise a <code>SYNTAX_ERR</code>
1.98 avankest 693: exception and terminate these steps.
1.96 avankest 694: [<cite><span>RFC2616</span></cite>]</p></li>
695:
1.98 avankest 696: <li><p>If the <var>value</var> argument is <code>null</code> terminate
697: these steps. (Do not raise an exception.)</li>
1.70 avankest 698: <!-- undefined is to be treated as null here... -->
1.79 avankest 699:
1.97 avankest 700: <li><p>If the <var>value</var> argument does not match the
1.22 avankest 701: <dfn><code>field-value</code> production</dfn> as defined by section 4.2
1.98 avankest 702: of RFC 2616 raise a <code>SYNTAX_ERR</code> and terminate these steps.
1.58 avankest 703: [<cite><span>RFC2616</span></cite>]</p></li>
1.14 avankest 704:
1.32 avankest 705: <li>
1.58 avankest 706: <p>For security reasons these steps <em class="ct">should</em> be
1.98 avankest 707: terminated if the <var>header</var> argument
1.80 avankest 708: <span title="case-insensitive match">case-insensitively matches</span>
709: one of the following headers:</p>
1.58 avankest 710:
1.32 avankest 711: <ul>
712: <li><code>Accept-Charset</code></li>
713: <li><code>Accept-Encoding</code></li>
1.68 avankest 714: <li><code>Connection</code></li>
1.32 avankest 715: <li><code>Content-Length</code></li>
1.68 avankest 716: <li><code>Content-Transfer-Encoding</code></li>
717: <li><code>Date</code></li>
1.32 avankest 718: <li><code>Expect</code></li>
719: <li><code>Host</code></li>
720: <li><code>Keep-Alive</code></li>
721: <li><code>Referer</code></li>
722: <li><code>TE</code></li>
723: <li><code>Trailer</code></li>
724: <li><code>Transfer-Encoding</code></li>
725: <li><code>Upgrade</code></li>
1.68 avankest 726: <li><code>Via</code></li>
1.32 avankest 727: </ul>
728: </li>
1.5 avankest 729:
1.58 avankest 730: <li><p>If the <var>header</var> argument is not in the list of request
1.96 avankest 731: headers append the <var>header</var> with its associated <var>value</var>
1.98 avankest 732: to the list and terminate these steps.</p></li>
1.58 avankest 733:
734: <li><p>If the <var>header</var> argument is in the list of request
1.96 avankest 735: headers either use multiple headers, combine the values or use a
736: combination of those (section 4.2, RFC 2616).
737: [<cite><span>RFC2616</span></cite>]</p></li>
738: <!-- XXX it seems UAs always combine the values -->
1.58 avankest 739: </ol>
1.45 avankest 740:
741: <p class="note">See also the <code>send()</code> method regarding user
1.71 avankest 742: agent header handling for caching, authentication, proxies, and
743: cookies.</p>
1.14 avankest 744:
745: <div class="example">
1.58 avankest 746: <pre><code>// The following script:
1.14 avankest 747: var client = new XMLHttpRequest();
748: client.open('GET', 'demo.cgi');
749: client.setRequestHeader('X-Test', 'one');
750: client.setRequestHeader('X-Test', 'two');
751: client.send();
752:
753: // ...would result in the following header being sent:
754: ...
755: X-Test: one, two
1.58 avankest 756: ...</code></pre>
1.14 avankest 757: </div>
1.5 avankest 758: </dd>
1.12 avankest 759:
1.14 avankest 760: <dt><dfn id="dfn-send" title="send"><code>send(<var>data</var>)</code></dfn>,
1.22 avankest 761: method</dt>
1.12 avankest 762:
1.17 avankest 763: <dd>
1.58 avankest 764: <p>The <code>send()</code> method initiates the request and its optional
1.106 avankest 765: argument provides the <span>entity body</span>. Authors are strongly
766: encouraged to ensure that they have specified the
767: <code>Content-Type</code> header via <code>setRequestHeader()</code>
768: before invoking <code>send()</code> with a non-<code>null</code>
769: <var>data</var> argument.</p>
1.58 avankest 770:
771: <p>When invoked, the user agent <em class="ct">must</em> follow the
1.108 avankest 772: following steps (unless otherwise noted). Note that this algorithm might
1.126 avankest 773: get aborted if the <code>open()</code> or <code>abort()</code> method is
774: invoked. When the
1.109 avankest 775: <dfn title="abort send()" id="abort-send-algorithm"><code>send()</code>
1.110 avankest 776: algorithm is aborted</dfn> the user agent <em class="ct">must</em>
777: terminate the algorithm after finishing the step it is on.</p>
778:
1.108 avankest 779: <p class="note">The following algorithm can not be aborted through script
780: when <var>async</var> is <code>false</code>. It can only be aborted when
781: <var>async</var> is <code>true</code> and only after the method call has
782: returned.</p>
1.58 avankest 783:
784: <ol>
785: <li><p>If the state of the object is not
1.96 avankest 786: <span title="OPEN state">OPEN</span> raise an
1.98 avankest 787: <code>INVALID_STATE_ERR</code> exception and terminate these
788: steps.</p></li>
1.96 avankest 789:
790: <li><p>If the <span><code>send()</code> flag</span> is "true" raise an
1.98 avankest 791: <code>INVALID_STATE_ERR</code> exception and terminate these
792: steps.</p></li>
1.58 avankest 793:
1.102 avankest 794: <li><p>If <var>async</var> is <code>true</code> set the
1.103 avankest 795: <span><code>send()</code> flag</span> to "true".</p></li>
796:
1.58 avankest 797: <li>
798: <p>If the <var>data</var> argument has not been omitted and is not
1.96 avankest 799: <code>null</code> use it for the <dfn id="dfn-entity-body">entity
800: body</dfn> as defined by section 7.2 of RFC 2616 observing the following
801: rules: [<cite><span>RFC2616</span></cite>]</p>
1.58 avankest 802:
1.119 avankest 803: <dl class="switch">
1.58 avankest 804: <dt><var>data</var> is a <code>DOMString</code></dt>
805:
1.96 avankest 806: <dd><p>Encode <var>data</var> using UTF-8 for transmission.</p></dd>
1.58 avankest 807:
808: <dt><var>data</var> is a <code>Document</code>
809:
810: <dd>
1.96 avankest 811: <p>Serialize <var>data</var> into a namespace well-formed XML document
812: and encoded using the encoding given by
813: <code><var>data</var>.xmlEncoding</code>, if specified, or UTF-8
814: otherwise. Or, if this fails because the <code>Document</code>
815: cannot be serialized act as if <var>data</var> is
816: <code>null</code>.</p>
817:
818: <p>If no <code>Content-Type</code> header is in the list of request
1.126 avankest 819: headers append a <code>Content-Type</code> header to the list of request
820: headers with a value of <code>application/xml</code>.</p>
1.58 avankest 821:
822: <p class="note">Subsequent changes to the <code>Document</code> have
823: no effect on what is submitted.</p>
824: </dd>
825:
826: <dt><var>data</var> is not a <code>DOMString</code> or
827: <code>Document</code></dt>
828:
1.96 avankest 829: <dd><p>Use the stringification mechanisms of the host language on
830: <var>data</var> and treat the result as if <var>data</var> is a
831: <code>DOMString</code>. Or, if this fails, act as if <var>data</var> is
832: <code>null</code>.</p></dd>
1.58 avankest 833: </dl>
834:
1.126 avankest 835: <p>If the <var>data</var> argument has been omitted, or is
836: <code>null</code>, no entity body is used in the request.</p>
1.58 avankest 837: </li>
838:
1.71 avankest 839: <li><p>Make a request to <var>stored url</var>, using HTTP method
840: <var>stored method</var>, user <var>stored user</var> (if provided) and
841: password <var>stored password</var> (if provided), taking into account
842: the entity body, list of request headers and the rules listed directly
843: after this set of steps.</p></li>
1.60 avankest 844:
1.67 avankest 845: <li>
1.96 avankest 846: <p>Synchronously dispatch a <code>readystatechange</code> event on the
847: object.</p>
1.67 avankest 848:
1.96 avankest 849: <p class="note">The state of the object does not change. The event is
850: dispatched for historical reasons.</p>
1.67 avankest 851: </li>
852:
1.102 avankest 853: <li><p>If <var>async</var> is <code>true</code> return the
1.98 avankest 854: <code>send()</code> method call. (Do not terminate the steps in the
855: algorithm though.)</p></li>
1.58 avankest 856:
1.117 avankest 857: <li>
1.123 avankest 858: <p>While downloading the resource the following rules are to be
859: observed.</p>
860:
1.119 avankest 861: <dl class="switch">
1.118 avankest 862: <dt>If the response is an HTTP redirect</dt>
863:
864: <dd>
865: <p>If the redirect does not violate security or infinite loop
866: precautions and the scheme is supported transparently follow it and go
867: to the start of this step.</p>
868:
869: <p class="note">HTTP places requirements on the user agent regarding the
870: preservation of the request method and entity body during redirects, and
871: also requires users to be notified of certain kinds of automatic
872: redirections.</p>
873: <!-- Arguably HTTP should be fixed for the latter case. No browser
874: follows that as far as I know. -->
875:
876: <p>Otherwise, follow the following set of steps:</p>
877:
878: <ol>
1.124 avankest 879: <li><p>Set the <span>response entity body</span> to "null", the
880: <span>error flag</span> to "true" and reset the list of request
881: headers.</p></li>
1.118 avankest 882:
883: <li><p>Synchronously switch the state to
884: <span title="DONE state">DONE</span>.</p></li>
885:
886: <li><p>If <var>async</var> is set to <code>false</code> raise a
887: <code>NETWORK_ERR</code> exception and terminate the overall
888: algorithm.</p></li>
889:
890: <li><p>Synchronously dispatch a <code>readystatechange</code> event on
891: the object.</p></li>
892:
893: <li><p>Terminate the overall algorithm.</p></li>
894: </ol>
895:
896: <p class="note">It is likely that a future version of the
897: <code>XMLHttpRequest</code> object will dispatch an <code>error</code>
898: event here as well.</p>
899: </dd>
1.117 avankest 900:
1.121 avankest 901:
1.118 avankest 902: <dt>If the user cancels the download</dt>
1.58 avankest 903:
1.118 avankest 904: <dd>
905: <p>Run the following set of steps:</p>
1.60 avankest 906:
1.118 avankest 907: <ol>
1.124 avankest 908: <li><p>Set the <span>response entity body</span> to "null", the
909: <span>error flag</span> to "true" and reset the list of request
910: headers.</p></li>
1.118 avankest 911:
912: <li><p>Synchronously switch the state to
913: <span title="DONE state">DONE</span>.</p></li>
914:
1.121 avankest 915: <li><p>If <var>async</var> is set to <code>false</code> raise an
916: <code>ABORT_ERR</code> exception and terminate the overall
1.118 avankest 917: algorithm.</p></li>
918:
919: <li><p>Synchronously dispatch a <code>readystatechange</code> event on
920: the object.</p></li>
921:
922: <li><p>Terminate the overall algorithm.</p></li>
923: </ol>
1.121 avankest 924:
1.118 avankest 925: <p class="note">It is likely that a future version of the
1.121 avankest 926: <code>XMLHttpRequest</code> object will dispatch an
927: <code title="">abort</code> event here as well.</p>
1.118 avankest 928: </dd>
1.60 avankest 929:
1.121 avankest 930:
1.118 avankest 931: <dt>In case of network errors</dt>
1.60 avankest 932:
1.118 avankest 933: <dd>
1.126 avankest 934: <p>In case of DNS errors, or other type of network errors, run the
935: following set of steps. <span class="note">This does not include HTTP
936: responses that indicate some type of error, such as HTTP status code
937: 410.</span></p>
1.118 avankest 938:
939: <ol>
1.124 avankest 940: <li><p>Set the <span>response entity body</span> to "null", the
941: <span>error flag</span> to "true" and reset the list of request
942: headers.</p></li>
1.118 avankest 943:
944: <li><p>Synchronously switch the state to
945: <span title="DONE state">DONE</span>.</p></li>
946:
947: <li><p>If <var>async</var> is set to <code>false</code> raise a
948: <code>NETWORK_ERR</code> exception and terminate the overall
949: algorithm.</p></li>
950:
951: <li><p>Synchronously dispatch a <code>readystatechange</code> event on
952: the object.</p></li>
953:
954: <li><p>Terminate the overall algorithm.</p></li>
955: </ol>
956:
957: <p class="note">It is likely that a future version of the
958: <code>XMLHttpRequest</code> object will dispatch an <code>error</code>
959: event here as well.</p>
960: </dd>
961:
962: <dt>Once all HTTP headers have been received</dt>
963:
964: <dd>
965: <p>If all HTTP headers have been received, before receiving the message
1.123 avankest 966: body (if any), run the following steps:</p>
1.60 avankest 967:
1.118 avankest 968: <ol>
969: <li><p>Synchronously switch the state to
1.123 avankest 970: <span title="HEADERS_RECEIVED state">HEADERS_RECEIVED</span>.</p></li>
1.118 avankest 971:
972: <li><p>Synchronously dispatch a <code>readystatechange</code> event on
973: the object.</p></li>
1.123 avankest 974: </ol>
975: </dd>
976:
977: <dt>Once the first byte (or more) of the response entity body has been
978: received</dt>
979: <dt>If there is no response entity body</dt>
980:
981: <dd>
982: <p>Once the first byte of the response entity body has been received or
983: in case there is no response entity body, run the following steps:</p>
984:
985: <ol>
1.118 avankest 986: <li><p>Synchronously switch the state to
987: <span title="LOADING state">LOADING</span>.</p></li>
988:
989: <li><p>Synchronously dispatch a <code>readystatechange</code> event on
990: the object.</p></li>
991: </ol>
992: </dd>
993: </dl>
994:
1.124 avankest 995: <p>Finally, once the complete resource has been downloaded go to the next
1.118 avankest 996: step.</p>
1.58 avankest 997: </li>
998:
1.82 avankest 999: <li><p>When the request has successfully completed loading, synchronously
1.96 avankest 1000: switch the state to <span title="DONE state">DONE</span> and then
1001: synchronously dispatch a <code>readystatechange</code> event on the
1002: object and return the method call in case of <var>async</var> being
1003: <code>false</code>.</p></li>
1.58 avankest 1004: </ol>
1.14 avankest 1005:
1.91 avankest 1006: <p>If the user agent allows the user to configure a proxy it
1.22 avankest 1007: <em class="ct">should</em> modify the request appropriately;
1.42 avankest 1008: <abbr title="in other words">i.e.</abbr>, connect to the proxy host
1009: instead of the origin server, modify the <code>Request-Line</code> and
1010: send <code>Proxy-Authorization</code> headers as specified.</p>
1.12 avankest 1011:
1.42 avankest 1012: <p>If the user agent supports HTTP Authentication it
1.22 avankest 1013: <em class="ct">should</em> consider requests originating from this object
1.42 avankest 1014: to be part of the protection space that includes the accessed URIs and
1015: send <code>Authorization</code> headers and handle <code>401
1.72 avankest 1016: Unauthorised</code> requests appropriately. If authentication fails, user
1.42 avankest 1017: agents <em class="ct">should</em> prompt the users for credentials.
1018: [<cite><span>RFC2617</span></cite>]</p>
1019:
1.57 avankest 1020: <p>If the user agent supports HTTP State Management it
1.42 avankest 1021: <em class="ct">should</em> persist, discard and send cookies (as received
1022: in the <code>Set-Cookie</code> and <code>Set-Cookie2</code> response
1023: headers, and sent in the <code>Cookie</code> header) as applicable.
1024: [<cite><span>RFC2965</span></cite>]</p>
1025:
1026: <p>If the user agent implements a HTTP cache it <em class="ct">should</em>
1027: respect <code>Cache-Control</code> request headers set by the script
1028: (<abbr title="for example">e.g.</abbr>, <code>Cache-Control:
1029: no-cache</code> bypasses the cache). It <em class="ct">must not</em> send
1030: <code>Cache-Control</code> or <code>Pragma</code> request headers
1031: automatically unless the user explicitly requests such behaviour
1032: (<abbr>e.g.</abbr>, by (force-)reloading the page). <code>304 Not
1.22 avankest 1033: Modified</code> responses that are a result of a user agent generated
1034: conditional request <em class="ct">must</em> be presented as <code>200
1.57 avankest 1035: OK</code> responses with the appropriate content. The user agent
1.39 avankest 1036: <em class="ct">must</em> allow scripts to override automatic cache
1.22 avankest 1037: validation by setting request headers (e.g., <code>If-None-Match</code>,
1.42 avankest 1038: <code>If-Modified-Since</code>), in which case <code>304 Not
1039: Modified</code> responses <em class="ct">must</em> be passed through.
1040: [<cite><span>RFC2616</span></cite>]</p>
1.12 avankest 1041:
1.8 avankest 1042: <p>If the user agent implements server-driven content-negotiation
1.42 avankest 1043: it <em class="ct">should</em> set <code>Accept-Language</code>,
1.22 avankest 1044: <code>Accept-Encoding</code> and <code>Accept-Charset</code> headers as
1045: appropriate; it <em class="ct">must not</em> automatically set the
1046: <code>Accept</code> header. Responses to such requests
1.127 ! avankest 1047: <em class="ct">must</em> have the content-encodings automatically
1.42 avankest 1048: decoded. [<cite><span>RFC2616</span></cite>]</p>
1.8 avankest 1049: </dd>
1.12 avankest 1050:
1.14 avankest 1051: <dt><dfn id="dfn-abort"><code>abort()</code></dfn>, method</dt>
1.12 avankest 1052:
1.5 avankest 1053: <dd>
1.60 avankest 1054: <p>When invoked, the user agent <em class="ct">must</em> run the following
1.96 avankest 1055: steps (unless otherwise noted):</p>
1.60 avankest 1056:
1057: <ol>
1.108 avankest 1058: <li><p><span title="abort send()">Abort the <code>send()</code>
1059: algorithm</span>, set the <span>response entity body</span> to "null",
1.124 avankest 1060: the <span><code>send()</code> flag</span> to "false", the <span>error
1061: flag</span> to "true" and remove any registered request headers.</p></li>
1.60 avankest 1062:
1.108 avankest 1063: <li><p>The user agent <em class="ct">should</em> cancel any network
1064: activity for which the object is responsible.</p></li>
1.60 avankest 1065:
1.83 avankest 1066: <li>
1.85 avankest 1067: <p>If the state is <span title="UNSENT state">UNSENT</span>,
1.83 avankest 1068: <span title="OPEN state">OPEN</span> and the <span><code>send()</code>
1.87 avankest 1069: flag</span> is "false", or <span title="DONE state">DONE</span> go to
1070: the next step.</p>
1.85 avankest 1071:
1.96 avankest 1072: <p>Otherwise, switch the state to <span title="DONE state">DONE</span>
1073: and synchronously dispatch a <code>readystatechange</code> event on the
1074: object.</p>
1.83 avankest 1075: </li>
1.67 avankest 1076:
1.60 avankest 1077: <li>
1.97 avankest 1078: <p>Switch the state to <span title="UNSENT state">UNSENT</span>. (Do not
1.71 avankest 1079: dispatch the <code>readystatechange</code> event.)</p>
1.60 avankest 1080:
1.82 avankest 1081: <p class="note">It is likely that a future version of the
1082: <code>XMLHttpRequest</code> object will dispatch an
1083: <code title="">abort</code> event here as well.</p>
1.60 avankest 1084: </li>
1085: </ol>
1.5 avankest 1086: </dd>
1.12 avankest 1087:
1.14 avankest 1088: <dt><dfn id="dfn-getallresponseheaders"><code>getAllResponseHeaders()</code></dfn>,
1.22 avankest 1089: method</dt>
1.12 avankest 1090:
1.5 avankest 1091: <dd>
1.60 avankest 1092: <p>When invoked, the user agent <em class="ct">must</em> run
1.58 avankest 1093: the following steps:</p>
1094:
1095: <ol>
1.124 avankest 1096: <li><p>If the state is <span title="UNSENT state">UNSENT</span> or
1097: <span title="OPEN state">OPEN</span> raise an
1.98 avankest 1098: <code>INVALID_STATE_ERR</code> exception and terminate these
1099: steps.</p></li>
1.124 avankest 1100:
1101: <li><p>If the <span>error flag</span> is "true" return <code>null</code>
1102: and terminate these steps.</p></li>
1.96 avankest 1103:
1104: <li><p>Return all the HTTP headers, as a single string, with each header
1105: line separated by a U+000D CR U+000A LF pair excluding the status
1106: line.</p></li>
1.58 avankest 1107: </ol>
1.24 avankest 1108:
1.5 avankest 1109: <div class="example">
1.58 avankest 1110: <pre><code>// The following script:
1.5 avankest 1111: var client = new XMLHttpRequest();
1.14 avankest 1112: client.open("GET", "test.txt", true);
1.5 avankest 1113: client.send();
1.12 avankest 1114: client.onreadystatechange = function() {
1.13 avankest 1115: if(this.readyState == 3) {
1.12 avankest 1116: print(this.getAllResponseHeaders());
1117: }
1118: }
1.5 avankest 1119:
1120: // ...should output something similar to the following text:
1121: Date: 2004年10月24日 04:58:38 GMT
1122: Server: Apache/1.3.31 (Unix)
1123: Keep-Alive: timeout=15, max=99
1124: Connection: Keep-Alive
1125: Transfer-Encoding: chunked
1.58 avankest 1126: Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8</code></pre>
1.5 avankest 1127: </div>
1128: </dd>
1.12 avankest 1129:
1.18 avankest 1130: <dt><dfn id="dfn-getresponseheader" title="getresponseheader"><code>getResponseHeader(<var>header</var>)</code></dfn>,
1.22 avankest 1131: method</dt>
1.12 avankest 1132:
1.1 avankest 1133: <dd>
1.58 avankest 1134: <p>When the method is invoked, the user agent <em class="ct">must</em> run
1135: the following steps:</p>
1.14 avankest 1136:
1.58 avankest 1137: <ol>
1.124 avankest 1138: <li><p>If the state is <span title="UNSENT state">UNSENT</span> or
1139: <span title="OPEN state">OPEN</span> raise an
1.98 avankest 1140: <code>INVALID_STATE_ERR</code> exception and terminate these
1141: steps.</p></li>
1.58 avankest 1142:
1.124 avankest 1143: <li><p>If the <span>error flag</span> is "true" return <code>null</code>
1144: and terminate these steps.</p></li>
1145:
1.97 avankest 1146: <li><p>If the <var>header</var> argument does not match the
1.96 avankest 1147: <span><code>field-name</code> production</span> raise a
1.98 avankest 1148: <code>SYNTAX_ERR</code> exception and terminate these steps.</p></li>
1.58 avankest 1149:
1.80 avankest 1150: <li><p>If the <var>header</var> argument
1151: <span title="case-insensitive match">case-insensitively matches</span>
1.127 ! avankest 1152: multiple HTTP headers for the last request sent, return the values of
1.96 avankest 1153: these headers as a single concatenated string separated from each other
1.98 avankest 1154: by an U+002C COMMA followed by an U+0020 SPACE and terminate these
1.96 avankest 1155: steps.</p></li>
1.58 avankest 1156:
1.80 avankest 1157: <li><p>If the <var>header</var> argument
1158: <span title="case-insensitive match">case-insensitively matches</span> a
1.96 avankest 1159: single HTTP header for the last request sent return the value of that
1.98 avankest 1160: header and terminate these steps.</p></li>
1.58 avankest 1161:
1.96 avankest 1162: <li><p>Return <code>null</code>.</p></li>
1.58 avankest 1163: </ol>
1.12 avankest 1164:
1.1 avankest 1165: <div class="example">
1.58 avankest 1166: <pre><code>// The following script:
1.1 avankest 1167: var client = new XMLHttpRequest();
1.14 avankest 1168: client.open("GET", "test.txt", true);
1.5 avankest 1169: client.send();
1.12 avankest 1170: client.onreadystatechange = function() {
1.13 avankest 1171: if(this.readyState == 3) {
1.14 avankest 1172: print(client.getResponseHeader("Content-Type"));
1.12 avankest 1173: }
1174: }
1.1 avankest 1175:
1.5 avankest 1176: // ...should output something similar to the following text:
1.58 avankest 1177: Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8</code></pre>
1.1 avankest 1178: </div>
1.5 avankest 1179: </dd>
1.12 avankest 1180:
1.5 avankest 1181: <dt><dfn id="dfn-responsetext"><code>responseText</code></dfn> of type
1.22 avankest 1182: <code>DOMString</code>, readonly</dt>
1.12 avankest 1183:
1.5 avankest 1184: <dd>
1.88 avankest 1185: <p>On getting, the user agent <em class="ct">must</em> run the following
1186: steps:</p>
1187:
1188: <ol>
1189: <li><p>If the state is not <span title="LOADING state">LOADING</span> or
1.96 avankest 1190: <span title="DONE state">DONE</span> raise an
1.98 avankest 1191: <code>INVALID_STATE_ERR</code> exception and terminate these
1192: steps.</p></li>
1.12 avankest 1193:
1.88 avankest 1194: <li><p>Return the <span>text response entity body</span>.</p></li>
1195: </ol>
1.5 avankest 1196: </dd>
1.12 avankest 1197:
1.5 avankest 1198: <dt><dfn id="dfn-responsexml"><code>responseXML</code></dfn> of type
1.22 avankest 1199: <code>Document</code>, readonly</dt>
1.12 avankest 1200:
1.8 avankest 1201: <dd>
1.75 avankest 1202: <p>On getting, the user agent <em class="ct">must</em> run the following
1203: steps:</p>
1.79 avankest 1204:
1.75 avankest 1205: <ol>
1.96 avankest 1206: <li><p>If the state is not <span title="DONE state">DONE</span> raise an
1.98 avankest 1207: <code>INVALID_STATE_ERR</code> exception and terminate these
1208: steps.</p></li>
1.75 avankest 1209:
1.88 avankest 1210: <li><p>Return the <span>XML response entity body</span>.</p></li>
1.75 avankest 1211: </ol>
1.5 avankest 1212: </dd>
1.12 avankest 1213:
1.22 avankest 1214: <dt><dfn id="dfn-status"><code>status</code></dfn> of type <code>unsigned
1215: short</code>, readonly</dt>
1.12 avankest 1216:
1.5 avankest 1217: <dd>
1.72 avankest 1218: <p>On getting, if available, it <em class="ct">must</em> return the HTTP
1219: status code sent by the server (typically <code>200</code> for a
1220: successful request). Otherwise, if not available, the user agent
1221: <em class="ct">must</em> raise an <code>INVALID_STATE_ERR</code>
1222: exception.</p>
1.12 avankest 1223: </dd>
1224:
1.5 avankest 1225: <dt><dfn id="dfn-statustext"><code>statusText</code></dfn> of type
1.22 avankest 1226: <code>DOMString</code>, readonly</dt>
1.12 avankest 1227:
1.5 avankest 1228: <dd>
1.72 avankest 1229: <p>On getting, if available, it <em class="ct">must</em> return the HTTP
1230: status text sent by the server (appears after the status code). Otherwise,
1231: if not available, the user agent <em class="ct">must</em> raise an
1232: <code>INVALID_STATE_ERR</code> exception.</p>
1.1 avankest 1233: </dd>
1234: </dl>
1.12 avankest 1235:
1.121 avankest 1236:
1237:
1.31 avankest 1238: <h3 id="events">Events for the <code title="">XMLHttpRequest</code>
1239: Object</h3>
1.12 avankest 1240:
1.1 avankest 1241: <p>These sections describe the various events that can be dispatched on the
1.22 avankest 1242: object implementing the <code>XMLHttpRequest</code> interface. For this
1243: version of the specification only one event is defined.</p>
1.12 avankest 1244:
1.1 avankest 1245: <dl>
1246: <dt><dfn id="dfn-readystatechange"><code>readystatechange</code></dfn></dt>
1.24 avankest 1247:
1.72 avankest 1248: <dd>When the user agent dispatches a <code title="">readystatechange</code>
1249: event (as indicated above) it <em class="ct">must not</em> bubble,
1250: <em class="ct">must not</em> be cancelable and <em class="ct">must</em>
1251: implement the <code>Event</code> interface. Its <code>namespaceURI</code>
1252: attribute <em class="ct">must</em> be <code>null</code>.
1253: [<cite><span>DOM3Events</span></cite>]</dd>
1.1 avankest 1254: </dl>
1.32 avankest 1255:
1.31 avankest 1256: <h3 id="exceptions">Exceptions for the <code title="">XMLHttpRequest</code>
1257: Object</h3>
1258:
1.117 avankest 1259: <pre class="idl">exception <dfn>XMLHttpRequestException</dfn> {
1.31 avankest 1260: unsigned short code;
1.117 avankest 1261: };
1.121 avankest 1262: const unsigned short <span>NETWORK_ERR</span> = 101;
1263: const unsigned short <span>ABORT_ERR</span> = 102;</pre>
1.31 avankest 1264:
1.33 avankest 1265: <p>The <dfn id="network-err"><code>NETWORK_ERR</code></dfn> exception is
1.121 avankest 1266: thrown when a network error occurs in synchronous requests.</p>
1267:
1268: <p>The <dfn id="abort-err"><code>ABORT_ERR</code></dfn> exception is thrown
1269: when the user aborts a request in synchronous requests.</p>
1270:
1271: <p>See the section on <code>send()</code> for more details.</p>
1272:
1273:
1.11 avankest 1274:
1.29 avankest 1275: <h2 class="no-num" id="notcovered">Not in this Specification</h2>
1276:
1277: <p><em>This section is non normative.</em></p>
1278:
1.72 avankest 1279: <p>This specification does not include the following features which are
1280: being considered for a future version of this specification:</p>
1.29 avankest 1281:
1282: <ul>
1283: <li><code>load</code> event and <code>onload</code> attribute;</li>
1284: <li><code>error</code> event and <code>onerror</code> attribute;</li>
1285: <li><code>progress</code> event and <code>onprogress</code> attribute;</li>
1286: <li><code title="">abort</code> event and <code>onabort</code> attribute;</li>
1287: <li>Timers have been suggested, perhaps an <code>ontimeout</code>
1288: attribute;</li>
1289: <li>Property to disable following redirects;</li>
1.30 avankest 1290: <li><code title="">responseXML</code> for <code>text/html</code>
1291: documents;</li>
1.40 avankest 1292: <li>Cross-site <code title="">XMLHttpRequest</code>;</li>
1.87 avankest 1293: <li><code>responseBody</code> to deal with byte streams;</li>
1.114 avankest 1294: <li><code>overrideMimeType</code> to fix up MIME types;</li>
1.87 avankest 1295: <li><code>getRequestHeader()</code> and
1296: <code>removeRequestHeader()</code>.</li>
1.29 avankest 1297: </ul>
1298:
1.1 avankest 1299: <h2 class="no-num" id="bibref">References</h2>
1.11 avankest 1300:
1.6 avankest 1301: <dl>
1.37 avankest 1302: <dt>[<dfn id="DOM3">DOM3Core</dfn>]</dt>
1.24 avankest 1303:
1.11 avankest 1304: <dd><cite><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/DOM-Level-3-Core">Document Object
1.92 avankest 1305: Model (DOM) Level 3 Core Specification</a></cite>, A. Le Hors, P. Le
1.117 avankest 1306: Hégaret, L. Wood, G. Nicol, J. Robie, M. Champion, S. Byrne, editors. W3C,
1307: April 2004.</dd>
1.11 avankest 1308:
1.37 avankest 1309: <dt>[<dfn id="DOM3EV">DOM3Events</dfn>]</dt>
1.24 avankest 1310:
1.92 avankest 1311: <dd><cite><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/DOM-Level-3-Events/">Document
1312: Object Model (DOM) Level 3 Events Specification</a></cite>, Björn Höhrmann,
1.117 avankest 1313: editor. W3C, April 2006.</dd>
1.11 avankest 1314:
1.117 avankest 1315: <dt>[<dfn id="ref-ecmascript">ECMAScript</dfn>]</dt>
1.24 avankest 1316:
1.92 avankest 1317: <dd><cite><a href="http://www.ecma-international.org/publications/standards/Ecma-262.htm">ECMAScript
1318: Language Specification</a></cite>, Third Edition. ECMA, December 1999.</dd>
1.14 avankest 1319:
1.37 avankest 1320: <dt>[<dfn id="ref-rfc2046">RFC2046</dfn>]</dt>
1.24 avankest 1321:
1.19 avankest 1322: <dd><cite><a href="http://ietf.org/rfc/rfc2046">Multipurpose Internet Mail
1.92 avankest 1323: Extensions (MIME) Part Two: Media Types</a></cite>, N. Freed, N.
1324: Borenstein, editors. IETF, November 1996.</dd>
1.14 avankest 1325:
1.37 avankest 1326: <dt>[<dfn id="RFC2119">RFC2119</dfn>]</dt>
1.24 avankest 1327:
1.117 avankest 1328: <dd><cite><a href="http://ietf.org/rfc/rfc2119">Key words for use in RFCs to
1329: Indicate Requirement Levels</a></cite>, S. Bradner. IETF, March 1997.</dd>
1.12 avankest 1330:
1.37 avankest 1331: <dt>[<dfn id="RFC2616">RFC2616</dfn>]</dt>
1.24 avankest 1332:
1.11 avankest 1333: <dd><cite><a href="http://ietf.org/rfc/rfc2616">Hypertext Transfer Protocol
1.92 avankest 1334: -- HTTP/1.1</a></cite>, R. Fielding, J. Gettys, J. Mogul, H. Frystyk, L.
1335: Masinter, P. Leach, T. Berners-Lee, editors. IETF, June 1999.</dd>
1.12 avankest 1336:
1.37 avankest 1337: <dt>[<dfn id="ref-rfc2617">RFC2617</dfn>]</dt>
1.24 avankest 1338:
1.11 avankest 1339: <dd><cite><a href="http://ietf.org/rfc/rfc2617">HTTP Authentication: Basic
1.92 avankest 1340: and Digest Access Authentication</a></cite>, P. Hallam-Baker, J.
1341: Hostetler, S. Lawrence, P. Leach, A. Luotonen, L. Stewart, editors. IETF,
1342: June 1999.</dd>
1.12 avankest 1343:
1.37 avankest 1344: <dt>[<dfn id="ref-rfc2965">RFC2965</dfn>]</dt>
1.24 avankest 1345:
1.19 avankest 1346: <dd><cite><a href="http://ietf.org/rfc/rfc2965">HTTP State Management
1.92 avankest 1347: Mechanism</a></cite>, D. Kristol, L. Montulli, editors. IETF, October
1348: 2000.</dd>
1.19 avankest 1349:
1.37 avankest 1350: <dt>[<dfn id="ref-rfc3986">RFC3986</dfn>]</dt>
1.24 avankest 1351:
1.11 avankest 1352: <dd><cite><a href="http://ietf.org/rfc/rfc3986">Uniform Resource Identifier
1.92 avankest 1353: (URI): Generic Syntax</a></cite>, T. Berners-Lee, R. Fielding, L. Masinter,
1354: editors. IETF, January 2005.</dd>
1.28 avankest 1355:
1.92 avankest 1356: <dt>[<dfn id="ref-window">Window</dfn>]</dt>
1.28 avankest 1357:
1.92 avankest 1358: <dd><cite><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/Window/">Window Object
1359: 1.0</a></cite>, I. Davis, M. Stachowiak, editors. W3C, April 2006.</dd>
1.41 avankest 1360:
1.92 avankest 1361: <dt>[<dfn id="ref-xml">XML</dfn>]</dt>
1.41 avankest 1362:
1.92 avankest 1363: <dd><cite><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xml/">Extensible Markup Language
1364: (XML) 1.0 (Fourth Edition)</a></cite>, T. Bray, J. Paoli, C.
1.117 avankest 1365: Sperberg-McQueen, E. Maler, F. Yergeau, editors. W3C, September 2006.</dd>
1.41 avankest 1366:
1.92 avankest 1367: <dt>[<dfn id="ref-xmlns">XMLNS</dfn>]</dt>
1.41 avankest 1368:
1.92 avankest 1369: <dd><cite><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xml-names/">Namespaces in XML
1.117 avankest 1370: (Second Edition)</a></cite>, T. Bray, D. Hollander, A. Layman, R. Tobin,
1371: editors. W3C, August 2006.</dd>
1.1 avankest 1372: </dl>
1.11 avankest 1373:
1.1 avankest 1374: <h2 class="no-num" id="acknowledgements">Acknowledgements</h2>
1.11 avankest 1375:
1.1 avankest 1376: <p><em>This section is non-normative</em></p>
1.12 avankest 1377:
1.7 avankest 1378: <p>The editor would like to thank to the following people who have contributed
1.33 avankest 1379: to this specification (ordered by first name):</p>
1.12 avankest 1380:
1.1 avankest 1381: <ul>
1.112 avankest 1382: <li>Ahmed Kamel</li>
1.22 avankest 1383: <li>Alex Hopmann</li>
1.7 avankest 1384: <li>Alex Vincent</li>
1.15 avankest 1385: <li>Alexey Proskuryakov</li>
1.1 avankest 1386: <li>Asbjørn Ulsberg</li>
1387: <li>Boris Zbarsky</li>
1388: <li>Björn Höhrmann</li>
1389: <li>Cameron McCormack</li>
1390: <li>Christophe Jolif</li>
1391: <li>Charles McCathieNevile</li>
1.54 avankest 1392: <li>Dan Winship</li>
1.72 avankest 1393: <li>David Håsäther</li>
1.1 avankest 1394: <li>Dean Jackson</li>
1.126 avankest 1395: <li>Denis Sureau</li>
1.1 avankest 1396: <li>Doug Schepers</li>
1397: <li>Douglas Livingstone</li>
1.112 avankest 1398: <li>Eric Lawrence</li>
1399: <li>Gideon Cohn</li>
1.1 avankest 1400: <li>Gorm Haug Eriksen</li>
1401: <li>Hallvord R. M. Steen</li>
1402: <li>Håkon Wium Lie</li>
1403: <li>Ian Davis</li>
1404: <li>Ian Hickson</li>
1405: <li>Ivan Herman</li>
1406: <li>Jens Lindström</li>
1407: <li>Jim Deegan</li>
1408: <li>Jim Ley</li>
1.112 avankest 1409: <li>Joe Farro</li>
1.1 avankest 1410: <li>Jonas Sicking</li>
1411: <li>Julian Reschke</li>
1412: <li>Karl Dubost</li>
1413: <li>Maciej Stachowiak</li>
1.7 avankest 1414: <li>Magnus Kristiansen</li>
1.1 avankest 1415: <li>Marc Hadley</li>
1.53 avankest 1416: <li>Marcos Caceres</li>
1.87 avankest 1417: <li>Mark Baker</li>
1.1 avankest 1418: <li>Mark Nottingham</li>
1.92 avankest 1419: <li>Mohamed Zergaoui</li>
1.1 avankest 1420: <li>Pawel Glowacki</li>
1421: <li>Robin Berjon</li>
1422: <li>Ruud Steltenpool</li>
1.33 avankest 1423: <li>Simon Pieters</li>
1.125 avankest 1424: <li>Stewart Brodie</li>
1.112 avankest 1425: <li>Sunava Dutta</li>
1426: <li>Zhenbin Xu</li>
1.1 avankest 1427: </ul>
1.12 avankest 1428:
1.1 avankest 1429: <p>Special thanks to the Microsoft employees who first implemented the
1.22 avankest 1430: <code>XMLHttpRequest</code> interface, which was first widely deployed by the
1431: Windows Internet Explorer browser.</p>
1.12 avankest 1432:
1.54 avankest 1433: <p>Special thanks also to the WHATWG for drafting an initial version of this
1.22 avankest 1434: specification in their Web Applications 1.0 document.</p>
1.12 avankest 1435:
1.1 avankest 1436: <p>Thanks also to all those who have helped to improve this specification by
1.22 avankest 1437: sending suggestions and corrections. (Please, keep bugging us with your
1438: issues!)</p>
1.1 avankest 1439: </body>
1440: </html>
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