Annotation of 2006/webapi/XMLHttpRequest/Overview.src.html, revision 1.117
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3: <head>
4: <title>The XMLHttpRequest Object</title>
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1.58 avankest 20: <!--<link rel="stylesheet" href="http://www.w3.org/StyleSheets/TR/W3C-WD">-->
1.1 avankest 21: </head>
22: <body>
23: <div class="head">
24: <p><a href="http://www.w3.org/"><img height="48" width="72" alt="W3C" src="http://www.w3.org/Icons/w3c_home"></a></p>
1.12 avankest 25:
1.10 avankest 26: <h1 class="head">The <code title="">XMLHttpRequest</code> Object</h1>
1.12 avankest 27:
1.53 avankest 28: <h2 class="no-num no-toc" id="pagesubtitle">Editor's draft<!--W3C Working Draft--> [DATE: 3 August 2002]</h2>
1.12 avankest 29:
1.1 avankest 30: <dl>
1.10 avankest 31: <dt>This Version:</dt>
1.24 avankest 32:
1.47 avankest 33: <dd><a href="[VERSION]/">http://www.w3.org/TR/[YEAR]/WD-XMLHttpRequest-[CDATE]/</a></dd>
1.14 avankest 34:
1.10 avankest 35: <dt>Latest Version:</dt>
1.24 avankest 36:
1.1 avankest 37: <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/XMLHttpRequest/">http://www.w3.org/TR/XMLHttpRequest/</a></dd>
1.14 avankest 38:
1.10 avankest 39: <dt>Previous Versions:</dt>
1.24 avankest 40:
1.58 avankest 41: <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2007/WD-XMLHttpRequest-20070227/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2007/WD-XMLHttpRequest-20070227/</a></dd>
42:
1.22 avankest 43: <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/WD-XMLHttpRequest-20060927/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/WD-XMLHttpRequest-20060927/</a></dd>
1.24 avankest 44:
1.1 avankest 45: <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/WD-XMLHttpRequest-20060619/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/WD-XMLHttpRequest-20060619/</a></dd>
1.24 avankest 46:
1.1 avankest 47: <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/WD-XMLHttpRequest-20060405/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/WD-XMLHttpRequest-20060405/</a></dd>
1.14 avankest 48:
1.1 avankest 49: <dt>Editor:</dt>
1.24 avankest 50:
1.1 avankest 51: <dd><a href="http://annevankesteren.nl/">Anne van Kesteren</a>
52: (<a href="http://www.opera.com/">Opera Software ASA</a>)
53: <<a href="mailto:annevk@opera.com">annevk@opera.com</a>></dd>
54: </dl>
1.14 avankest 55:
1.1 avankest 56: <p class="copyright"><a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#Copyright">Copyright</a>
1.51 avankest 57: © 2007
58: <a href="http://www.w3.org/"><acronym title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</acronym></a><sup>®</sup>
59: (<a href="http://www.csail.mit.edu/"><acronym title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">MIT</acronym></a>,
60: <a href="http://www.ercim.org/"><acronym title="European Research Consortium for Informatics and Mathematics">ERCIM</acronym></a>,
61: <a href="http://www.keio.ac.jp/">Keio</a>), All Rights Reserved. W3C
62: <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#Legal_Disclaimer">liability</a>,
63: <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#W3C_Trademarks">trademark</a>
64: and
65: <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/copyright-documents">document
66: use</a> rules apply.</p>
1.1 avankest 67: </div>
1.12 avankest 68:
1.1 avankest 69: <hr>
1.12 avankest 70:
1.1 avankest 71: <h2 class="no-num no-toc" id="specabstract">Abstract</h2>
1.10 avankest 72:
1.22 avankest 73: <p>The <code title="">XMLHttpRequest</code> Object specification defines an
74: <abbr title="Application Programming Interface">API</abbr> that provides
75: scripted client functionality for transferring data between a client and a
76: server.</p>
1.12 avankest 77:
1.1 avankest 78: <h2 class="no-num no-toc" id="sotd">Status of this Document</h2>
1.12 avankest 79:
1.1 avankest 80: <p><em>This section describes the status of this document at the time of its
1.36 avankest 81: publication. Other documents may supersede this document. A list of current
82: W3C publications and the latest revision of this technical report can be
83: found in the <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/">W3C technical reports index</a>
1.117 ! avankest 84: at http://www.w3.org/TR/.</em></p>
1.36 avankest 85:
1.63 avankest 86: <!-- change back to Last Call -->
87: <p>This is the [DATE: 3 August 2002] <strong>Editor's</strong> Working
1.54 avankest 88: Draft of The <code title="">XMLHttpRequest</code> Object specification.
1.47 avankest 89: Please send comments to
90: <a href="mailto:public-webapi@w3.org">public-webapi@w3.org</a>
91: (<a href="http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/public-webapi/">archived</a>)
92: with either <samp>[XHR]</samp> or <samp title="">[XMLHttpRequest]</samp> at
1.63 avankest 93: the start of the subject line<!-- by 2 April 2007-->.</p>
1.51 avankest 94:
1.47 avankest 95: <p>This document is produced by the
96: <a href="http://www.w3.org/2006/webapi/">Web API Working Group</a>, part of
97: the <a href="http://www.w3.org/2006/rwc/Activity">Rich Web Clients
98: Activity</a> in the W3C <a href="http://www.w3.org/Interaction/">Interaction
1.51 avankest 99: Domain</a>. Changes made to this document can be found in the
1.47 avankest 100: <a href="http://dev.w3.org/cvsweb/2006/webapi/XMLHttpRequest/Overview.html">W3C
1.117 ! avankest 101: public CVS server</a>.</p>
1.12 avankest 102:
1.1 avankest 103: <p>Publication as a Working Draft does not imply endorsement by the W3C
1.36 avankest 104: Membership. This is a draft document and may be updated, replaced or
105: obsoleted by other documents at any time. It is inappropriate to cite this
106: document as other than work in progress.</p>
1.12 avankest 107:
1.1 avankest 108: <p>This document was produced by a group operating under the
1.36 avankest 109: <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Patent-Policy-20040205/">5 February
1.52 avankest 110: 2004 W3C Patent Policy</a>. W3C maintains a
1.36 avankest 111: <a rel="disclosure" href="http://www.w3.org/2004/01/pp-impl/38482/status">public
112: list of any patent disclosures</a> made in connection with the deliverables
113: of the group; that page also includes instructions for disclosing a patent.
114: An individual who has actual knowledge of a patent which the individual
115: believes contains
116: <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Patent-Policy-20040205/#def-essential">Essential
117: Claim(s)</a> must disclose the information in accordance with
118: <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Patent-Policy-20040205/#sec-Disclosure">section
119: 6 of the W3C Patent Policy</a>.</p>
1.12 avankest 120:
1.1 avankest 121: <h2 class="no-num no-toc" id="toc">Table of Contents</h2>
1.21 avankest 122:
1.1 avankest 123: <!--toc-->
1.12 avankest 124:
1.1 avankest 125: <h2 id="introduction">Introduction</h2>
1.12 avankest 126:
1.1 avankest 127: <p><em>This section is non-normative.</em></p>
1.12 avankest 128:
1.33 avankest 129: <p>The <code>XMLHttpRequest</code> object implements an interface exposed by
130: a scripting engine that allows scripts to perform HTTP client functionality,
1.22 avankest 131: such as submitting form data or loading data from a server.</p>
1.24 avankest 132:
1.1 avankest 133: <p>The name of the object is <code>XMLHttpRequest</code> for compatibility
1.22 avankest 134: with the web, though each component of this name is potentially misleading.
1.39 avankest 135: First, the object supports any text based format, including XML. Second, it
136: can be used to make requests over both HTTP and HTTPS (some implementations
137: support protocols in addition to HTTP and HTTPS, but that functionality is
138: not covered by this specification). Finally, it supports "requests" in a
139: broad sense of the term as it pertains to HTTP; namely all activity involved
140: with HTTP requests or responses for the defined HTTP methods.</p>
1.12 avankest 141:
1.1 avankest 142: <h3 id="examples">Examples of Usage</h3>
1.12 avankest 143:
1.1 avankest 144: <p><em>This section is non-normative.</em></p>
1.12 avankest 145:
1.37 avankest 146: <p>Some [<cite><span>ECMAScript</span></cite>] examples
1.32 avankest 147: are listed in the specification. In addition, you can find some below.</p>
1.14 avankest 148:
149: <div class="example">
150: <p>Some simple code to do something with data from an XML document fetched
1.22 avankest 151: over the network:</p>
1.16 avankest 152:
1.58 avankest 153: <pre><code>function test(data) {
1.14 avankest 154: // taking care of data
155: }
156:
157: function handler() {
1.117 ! avankest 158: if(this.readyState == 4 && this.status == 200) {
1.14 avankest 159: // so far so good
1.117 ! avankest 160: if(this.responseXML != null && this.responseXML.getElementById('test').firstChild.data)
! 161: // success!
1.14 avankest 162: test(this.responseXML.getElementById('test').firstChild.data);
163: else
164: test(null);
1.117 ! avankest 165: } else if (this.readyState == 4 && this.status != 200) {
1.14 avankest 166: // fetched the wrong page or network error...
167: test(null);
168: }
169: }
1.12 avankest 170:
1.14 avankest 171: var client = new XMLHttpRequest();
172: client.onreadystatechange = handler;
173: client.open("GET", "test.xml");
1.58 avankest 174: client.send();</code></pre>
1.16 avankest 175:
1.56 avankest 176: <p>If you just want to log a message to the server:</p>
1.16 avankest 177:
1.58 avankest 178: <pre><code>function log(message) {
1.14 avankest 179: var client = new XMLHttpRequest();
1.56 avankest 180: client.open("POST", "/log");
1.57 avankest 181: client.setRequestHeader("Content-Type", "text/plain;charset=UTF-8");
1.14 avankest 182: client.send(message);
1.58 avankest 183: }</code></pre>
1.16 avankest 184:
1.14 avankest 185: <p>Or if you want to check the status of a document on the server:</p>
1.16 avankest 186:
1.58 avankest 187: <pre><code>function fetchStatus(address) {
1.14 avankest 188: var client = new XMLHttpRequest();
189: client.onreadystatechange = function() {
190: // in case of network errors this might not give reliable results
191: if(this.readyState == 4)
192: returnStatus(this.status);
193: }
194: client.open("HEAD", address);
195: client.send();
1.58 avankest 196: }</code></pre>
1.14 avankest 197: </div>
1.12 avankest 198:
1.1 avankest 199: <h3 id="conformance">Conformance</h3>
1.12 avankest 200:
1.27 avankest 201: <p>Everything in this specification is normative except for diagrams,
202: examples, notes and sections marked non-normative.</p>
1.12 avankest 203:
1.1 avankest 204: <p>The key words <em class="ct">must</em>, <em class="ct">must not</em>,
1.74 avankest 205: <em class="ct">should</em> and <em class="ct">may</em> in this document are
206: to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119.
207: [<cite><span>RFC2119</span></cite>]</p>
1.12 avankest 208:
1.1 avankest 209: <p>This specification defines the following classes of products:</p>
1.12 avankest 210:
1.1 avankest 211: <dl>
1.74 avankest 212: <dt><dfn id="conforming-user-agent">Conforming user agent</dfn></dt>
1.24 avankest 213:
1.74 avankest 214: <dd>
215: <p>A user agent <em class="ct">must</em> behave as described in this
1.106 avankest 216: specification in order to be considered conformant.</p>
1.95 avankest 217:
1.94 avankest 218: <p>If the user agent does not support XML (including support for
219: namespaces) the <span>XML response entity body</span>
220: <em class="ct">must</em> (always) be <code>null</code>.</p>
1.74 avankest 221:
1.75 avankest 222: <p>User agents <em class="ct">may</em> optimize any algorithm given in
223: this specification, so long as the end result is indistinguishable from
224: the result that would be obtained by the specification's algorithms. (The
225: algorithms in this specification are generally written with more concern
226: for clarity than efficiency.)</p>
1.110 avankest 227:
1.95 avankest 228: <p class="note">This specification uses both the terms "conforming user
229: agent(s)" and "user agent(s)" to refer to this product class.</p>
1.74 avankest 230: </dd>
1.110 avankest 231:
1.94 avankest 232: <dt><dfn id="conforming-xml-user-agent">Conforming XML user agent</dfn></dt>
1.110 avankest 233:
1.94 avankest 234: <dd><p>A user agent that is a <span>conforming user agent</span> and also
235: supports XML (including support for namespaces).</p></dd>
1.1 avankest 236: </dl>
1.32 avankest 237:
1.30 avankest 238: <h4 id="dependencies">Dependencies</h4>
1.33 avankest 239:
1.29 avankest 240: <p>This specification relies on several underlying specifications.</p>
241: <dl>
242: <dt>DOM</dt>
1.33 avankest 243:
1.29 avankest 244: <dd>
1.95 avankest 245: <p><span title="Conforming user agent">Conforming user agents</span>
246: <em class="ct">must</em> support some version of DOM Events and DOM Core,
247: because this specification uses some of the features defined in those
248: specifications. [<cite><span>DOM3Events</span></cite>]
249: [<cite><span>DOM3Core</span></cite>]</p>
250:
251: <p>It <em class="ct">must</em> also support some version of the Window
252: Object because some of the functionality in this specification relies on
253: it. [<cite><span>Window</span></cite>]</p>
1.29 avankest 254: </dd>
255:
256: <dt>HTTP</dt>
1.33 avankest 257:
1.29 avankest 258: <dd>
1.95 avankest 259: <p><span title="Conforming user agent">Conforming user agents</span>
260: <em class="ct">must</em> support some version of the HTTP protocol. The
261: user agent <em class="ct">should</em> support any HTTP method that matches
262: the <span><code>Method</code> production</span> and
263: <em class="ct">must</em> at least support the following methods:</p>
1.58 avankest 264:
265: <ul>
266: <li><code>GET</code></li>
267: <li><code>POST</code></li>
268: <li><code>HEAD</code></li>
269: <li><code>PUT</code></li>
270: <li><code>DELETE</code></li>
271: <li><code>OPTIONS</code></li>
272: </ul>
273:
274: <p>Other requirements regarding HTTP are made throughout the
1.39 avankest 275: specification. [<cite><span>RFC2616</span></cite>]</p>
1.29 avankest 276: </dd>
1.41 avankest 277:
278: <dt>XML</dt>
279:
1.95 avankest 280: <dd><p><span title="Conforming XML user agent">Conforming XML user
281: agents</span> <em class="ct">must</em> support XML (including support for
282: namespaces). [<cite><span>XML</span></cite>]
283: [<cite><span>XMLNS</span></cite>]</p></dd>
1.29 avankest 284: </dl>
1.12 avankest 285:
1.80 avankest 286: <h4 id="terminology">Terminology</h4>
1.12 avankest 287:
1.80 avankest 288: <p>There is a <dfn id="case-insensitive-match">case-insensitive match</dfn>
1.101 avankest 289: of strings <var>s1</var> and <var>s2</var> if after uppercasing both strings
1.100 avankest 290: (by mapping a-z to A-Z) they are identical.</p>
1.80 avankest 291:
292: <h4 id="extensibility">Extensibility</h4>
1.12 avankest 293:
1.81 avankest 294: <p>Extensions of the API defined by this specification are <em>strongly
1.22 avankest 295: discouraged</em>. User agents, Working Groups and other interested parties
1.33 avankest 296: should discuss extensions on a relevant public forum, preferably
1.22 avankest 297: <a href="mailto:public-webapi@w3.org">public-webapi@w3.org</a>.</p>
1.12 avankest 298:
299: <h2 id="xmlhttprequest">The <code title="">XMLHttpRequest</code> Object</h2>
300:
1.58 avankest 301: <p>The <code>XMLHttpRequest</code> object can be used by scripts to
1.22 avankest 302: programmatically connect to their originating server via HTTP.</p>
1.12 avankest 303:
1.1 avankest 304: <p>Objects implementing the <code>XMLHttpRequest</code> interface
1.22 avankest 305: <em class="ct">must</em> also implement the <code>EventTarget</code>
1.58 avankest 306: interface. [<cite><span>DOM3Events</span></cite>]</p>
1.12 avankest 307:
1.58 avankest 308: <p>Objects implementing the <code title="">Window</code> interface
309: <em class="ct">must</em> provide an <code title="">XMLHttpRequest()</code>
310: constructor. [<cite><span>Window</span></cite>]</p>
1.12 avankest 311:
1.1 avankest 312: <div class="example">
1.58 avankest 313: <p>In ECMAScript this can be used as follows:</p>
314:
315: <pre><code>var client = new XMLHttpRequest();</code></pre>
1.1 avankest 316: </div>
1.12 avankest 317:
1.58 avankest 318: <p>When the <code title="">XMLHttpRequest()</code> constructor is invoked a
319: persistent pointer to the associated <code title="">Window</code> object
320: <em class="ct">must</em> be stored on the newly created object. This is the
1.25 avankest 321: <dfn title="Window pointer" id="window-pointer"><code>Window</code>
1.58 avankest 322: pointer</dfn>. The associated <code title="">Window</code> object is the one
323: of which the <code title="">XMLHttpRequest</code> constructor was
324: invoked. This <span title="Window pointer">pointer</span>
1.25 avankest 325: <em class="ct">must</em> persist even if the browsing context in which the
1.37 avankest 326: <code title="">Window</code> is located is destroyed (by removing it from a
327: parent browsing context, for instance).</p>
1.25 avankest 328:
1.37 avankest 329: <p>The term browsing context is defined by the <cite>Window Object
330: 1.0</cite> specification. [<cite><span>Window</span></cite>]</p>
1.27 avankest 331:
332: <!-- XXX if the document object changes in the browsing context you get an
1.33 avankest 333: exception in some implementations. -->
1.27 avankest 334:
1.58 avankest 335: <div class="example">
1.65 avankest 336: <p>If <var><code>win</code></var> is a <code title="">Window</code> object
337: <var><code>client</code></var> will have a pointer to
338: <var><code>win</code></var> in the following example:</p>
1.58 avankest 339:
1.65 avankest 340: <pre><code>var client = new win.XMLHttpRequest()</code></pre>
1.58 avankest 341: </div>
1.12 avankest 342:
1.58 avankest 343: <pre class="idl">interface <dfn id="xmlhttprequest-object">XMLHttpRequest</dfn> {
344: // event handler
1.70 avankest 345: attribute EventListener <span>onreadystatechange</span>;
1.58 avankest 346:
347: // state
1.71 avankest 348: const unsigned short <span title="UNSENT state">UNSENT</span> = 0;
1.58 avankest 349: const unsigned short <span title="OPEN state">OPEN</span> = 1;
350: const unsigned short <span title="SENT state">SENT</span> = 2;
1.86 avankest 351: const unsigned short <span title="LOADING state">LOADING</span> = 3;
1.117 ! avankest 352: const unsigned short <span title="DONE state">DONE</span> = 4;
1.70 avankest 353: readonly attribute unsigned short <span>readyState</span>;
1.58 avankest 354:
355: // request
1.70 avankest 356: void <span>open</span>(in DOMString <var>method</var>, in DOMString <var>url</var>);
357: void <span>open</span>(in DOMString <var>method</var>, in DOMString <var>url</var>, in boolean <var>async</var>);
358: void <span>open</span>(in DOMString <var>method</var>, in DOMString <var>url</var>, in boolean <var>async</var>, in DOMString <var>user</var>);
359: void <span>open</span>(in DOMString <var>method</var>, in DOMString <var>url</var>, in boolean <var>async</var>, in DOMString <var>user</var>, in DOMString <var>password</var>);
360: void <span>setRequestHeader</span>(in DOMString <var>header</var>, in DOMString <var>value</var>);
361: void <span>send</span>();
362: void <span>send</span>(in DOMString <var>data</var>);
363: void <span>send</span>(in Document <var>data</var>);
364: void <span>abort</span>();
1.58 avankest 365:
366: // response
1.70 avankest 367: DOMString <span>getAllResponseHeaders</span>();
368: DOMString <span>getResponseHeader</span>(in DOMString <var>header</var>);
369: readonly attribute DOMString <span>responseText</span>;
370: readonly attribute Document <span>responseXML</span>;
371: readonly attribute unsigned short <span>status</span>;
372: readonly attribute DOMString <span>statusText</span>;
1.1 avankest 373: };</pre>
1.8 avankest 374:
1.58 avankest 375: <p>The <code>XMLHttpRequest</code> object can be in five states:
1.71 avankest 376: <span title="UNSENT state">UNSENT</span>,
1.58 avankest 377: <span title="OPEN state">OPEN</span>, <span title="SENT state">SENT</span>,
1.86 avankest 378: <span title="LOADING state">LOADING</span> and
1.79 avankest 379: <span title="DONE state">DONE</span>. The current state is exposed through
380: the <code>readyState</code> attribute. The method definitions below define
381: when a state transition takes place.</p>
1.58 avankest 382:
383: <p>When constructed, the <code>XMLHttpRequest</code> object
1.71 avankest 384: <em class="ct">must</em> be in the UNSENT state. This state is represented
385: by the <dfn id="unsent" title="UNSENT state"><code>UNSENT</code></dfn>
1.58 avankest 386: constant, whose value is <code>0</code>.</p>
387:
388: <p>The OPEN state is the state of the object when the <code>open()</code>
1.92 avankest 389: method has been successfully invoked. During this state request headers can
1.58 avankest 390: be set using <code>setRequestHeader()</code> and the request can be made
391: using <code>send()</code>. This state is represented by the
392: <dfn id="open" title="OPEN state"><code>OPEN</code></dfn> constant, whose
393: value is <code>1</code>.</p>
394:
1.87 avankest 395: <p>During the OPEN state there is a <dfn id="send-flag"><code>send()</code>
1.104 avankest 396: flag</dfn> which can be either "true" or "false". The initial value of the
397: <code title="">send()</code> flag is "false".</p>
1.87 avankest 398:
1.58 avankest 399: <p>The SENT state is the state of the object when the user agent
400: successfully acknowledged the request. This state is represented by the
401: <dfn id="sent" title="SENT state"><code>SENT</code></dfn> constant, whose
402: value is <code>2</code>.</p>
403:
1.86 avankest 404: <p>The LOADING state is the state of the object when all HTTP headers have
1.58 avankest 405: been received. The object typically remains in this state until the complete
406: message body (if any) has been received. This state is represented by the
1.86 avankest 407: <dfn id="loading" title="LOADING state"><code>LOADING</code></dfn> constant,
408: whose value is <code>3</code>.</p>
1.58 avankest 409:
1.79 avankest 410: <p>The DONE state is the state of the object when either the data transfer
1.58 avankest 411: has been completed or something went wrong during the transfer (infinite
412: redirects for instance). This state is represented by the
1.79 avankest 413: <dfn id="done" title="DONE state"><code>DONE</code></dfn> constant, whose
414: value is <code>4</code>.</p>
1.90 avankest 415:
1.88 avankest 416: <p>The <dfn id="response-entity-body">response entity body</dfn> is the
417: fragment of the <span>entity body</span> received so far (LOADING state) or
418: the complete entity body (DONE state). If there is no entity body the
419: response entity body is "null".</p>
420:
421: <p>The <dfn id="text-response-entity-body">text response entity body</dfn>
1.107 avankest 422: is either a <code>DOMString</code> representing the <span>response entity
423: body</span> or <code>null</code>. The value of the text response entity body
424: <em class="ct">must</em> be determined by running the following
425: algorithm:</p>
1.90 avankest 426:
1.88 avankest 427: <ol>
1.107 avankest 428: <li><p>If the response entity body is "null" return <code>null</code> and
429: terminate these steps.</p>
1.90 avankest 430:
1.113 avankest 431: <li><p>Let <var>charset</var> be "null".</p></li>
1.90 avankest 432:
433: <li><p>If there is no <code>Content-Type</code> header or there is a
434: <code>Content-Type</code> header which contains a MIME type that is
1.116 avankest 435: <code>text/xml</code>, <code>application/xml</code> or ends in
436: <code title="">+xml</code> (ignoring any parameters) use the rules set forth
437: in the XML specification to determine the character encoding. Let
438: <var>charset</var> be the determined character encoding.</p></li>
1.90 avankest 439:
1.115 avankest 440: <li>
441: <p>If the <code>Content-Type</code> MIME type contains a
442: <code>charset</code> parameter and <var>charset</var> is "null" let
443: <var>charset</var> be the value of that parameter.</p>
444:
445: <p class="note">The algorithm described by the XML specifications also takes
446: <code>Content-Type</code> into account so whether we override it here or not
447: does not really matter.</p>
448: </li>
1.111 avankest 449:
450: <li>
451: <!-- This stuff is copied from HTML5. Thanks Hixie! -->
1.113 avankest 452: <p>If <var>charset</var> is "null" then, for each of the rows in the
453: following table, starting with the first one and going down, if the start
454: of the entity body (<var>bytes</var>) is equal to or greater than the
455: number of bytes in the first column, and the first bytes of
456: <var>bytes</var> match the bytes given in the first column, then let
457: <var>charset</var> be the encoding given in the cell in the second column
458: of that row. When an encoding is determined or when no encoding is
1.117 ! avankest 459: determined go to the next step:</p>
! 460:
! 461: <table>
! 462: <thead>
! 463: <tr>
1.111 avankest 464: <th>Bytes in Hexadecimal
465: <th>Description
1.117 ! avankest 466: <tbody>
! 467: <tr>
1.111 avankest 468: <td>00 00 FE FF
1.117 ! avankest 469: <td>UTF-32BE BOM
! 470: <tr>
! 471: <td>FF FE 00 00
! 472: <td>UTF-32LE BOM
! 473: <tr>
! 474: <td>FE FF
! 475: <td>UTF-16BE BOM
! 476: <tr>
! 477: <td>FF FE
! 478: <td>UTF-16LE BOM
! 479: <tr>
! 480: <td>EF BB BF
! 481: <td>UTF-8 BOM<!-- nobody uses this
! 482: <tr>
! 483: <td>DD 73 66 73
! 484: <td>UTF-EBCDIC
! 485: -->
! 486: </table>
1.111 avankest 487: </li>
488:
1.113 avankest 489: <li><p>If <var>charset</var> is "null" let <var>charset</var> be
490: UTF-8.</p></li>
491:
1.107 avankest 492: <li><p>Return the result of decoding the response entity body using
493: <var>charset</var>. Or, if that fails, return <code>null</code>.</p></li>
1.88 avankest 494: </ol>
1.90 avankest 495:
1.88 avankest 496: <p>The <dfn id="xml-response-entity-body">XML response entity body</dfn> is
1.107 avankest 497: either a <code>Document</code> representing the <span>response entity
498: body</span> or <code>null</code> and is determined by running the following
499: algorithm (the return value is its value):</p>
1.90 avankest 500:
1.88 avankest 501: <ol>
1.107 avankest 502: <li><p>If the response entity body is "null" terminate these steps and
503: return <code>null</code>.</p></li>
1.88 avankest 504:
1.103 avankest 505: <li><p>If a <code>Content-Type</code> is present and it does not contain a
506: MIME type (ignoring any parameters) that is <code>text/xml</code>,
1.116 avankest 507: <code>application/xml</code> or ends in <code title="">+xml</code> terminate
508: these steps and return <code>null</code>. (Do not terminate these steps if
509: there is no <code>Content-Type</code> header at all.)</p></li>
1.88 avankest 510:
1.107 avankest 511: <li><p>Parse the response entity body following the rules from the XML
512: specifications. Let the result be <var>parsed document</var>. If this fails
513: (unsupported character encoding, namespace well-formedness error et cetera)
514: terminate these steps return <code>null</code>.
1.96 avankest 515: [<cite><span>XML</span></cite>] [<cite><span>XMLNS</span></cite>]</p></li>
1.88 avankest 516:
1.96 avankest 517: <li><p>Return an object implementing the <code>Document</code>
1.88 avankest 518: interface representing the <var>parsed document</var>.</p></li>
519: </ol>
1.58 avankest 520:
1.5 avankest 521: <dl>
1.39 avankest 522: <dt><dfn id="dfn-onreadystatechange"><code>onreadystatechange</code></dfn>
523: of type <code>EventListener</code></dt>
1.12 avankest 524:
1.1 avankest 525: <dd>
526: <p>An attribute that takes an <code>EventListener</code> as value that
1.58 avankest 527: <em class="ct">must</em> be invoked along with any other appropriate event
528: listeners that are registered on this object when a
1.87 avankest 529: <code>readystatechange</code> event is dispatched on it during the
530: bubbling phase. Its initial value <em class="ct">must</em> be
531: <code>null</code>.</p>
1.1 avankest 532: </dd>
1.12 avankest 533:
1.1 avankest 534: <dt><dfn id="dfn-readystate"><code>readyState</code></dfn> of type
1.22 avankest 535: <code>unsigned short</code>, readonly</dt>
1.12 avankest 536:
1.1 avankest 537: <dd>
1.58 avankest 538: <p>The attribute <em class="ct">must</em> be the value of the constant
539: corresponding to the object's current state.</p>
1.1 avankest 540: </dd>
1.12 avankest 541:
1.14 avankest 542: <dt><dfn id="dfn-open" title="open"><code>open(<var>method</var>,
1.22 avankest 543: <var>url</var>, <var>async</var>, <var>user</var>,
544: <var>password</var>)</code></dfn>, method</dt>
1.12 avankest 545:
1.1 avankest 546: <dd>
1.58 avankest 547: <p>When invoked, the user agent <em class="ct">must</em> follow the
1.96 avankest 548: following steps (unless otherwise indicated):</p>
1.58 avankest 549:
550: <ol>
1.97 avankest 551: <li><p>If the <var>method</var> argument does not match the
1.58 avankest 552: <dfn><code>Method</code> production</dfn> defined in section 5.1.1 of RFC
1.98 avankest 553: 2616 raise a <code>SYNTAX_ERR</code> exception and terminate these steps.
1.58 avankest 554: [<cite><span>RFC2616</span></cite>]</p></li>
555:
556: <li><p>If the given <var>method</var> is not supported for security
557: reasons the user agent <em class="ct">should</em> raise a
1.98 avankest 558: <code>SECURITY_ERR</code> exception and terminate these steps.</p></li>
1.58 avankest 559:
560: <li><p>Let <var>stored method</var> be <var>method</var>.</p></li>
561:
1.80 avankest 562: <li><p>If <var>method</var>
563: <span title="case-insensitive match">case-insensitively matches</span>
564: <code>GET</code>, <code>POST</code>, <code>HEAD</code>, <code>PUT</code>,
1.96 avankest 565: <code>DELETE</code> or <code>OPTIONS</code> convert it to its uppercase
566: equivalent (by mapping a-z to A-Z) and let <var>stored method</var> be
567: the result.</p></li>
1.68 avankest 568: <!-- WebKit (and supposedly Firefox) also uppercase: CONNECT, COPY,
569: INDEX, LOCK, M-POST, MKCOL, MOVE, PROPFIND, PROPPATCH, TRACE and UNLOCK.
570: Not sure if TRACE and CONNECT are worth it though. They raise a
571: SECURITY_ERR exception anyway... -->
1.58 avankest 572:
573: <li><p>Drop the fragment identifier (if any) from <var>url</var> and let
574: <var>stored url</var> be the result of that operation.</p></li>
575:
1.96 avankest 576: <li><p>If <var>stored url</var> is a relative reference resolve it using
577: the current value of the <code>baseURI</code> attribute of the
578: <code>Document</code> object currently associated with the
579: <span><code>Window</code> pointer</span>. If this fails raise a
1.98 avankest 580: <code>SYNTAX_ERR</code> exception and terminate these steps.</p></li>
1.58 avankest 581:
1.101 avankest 582: <li><p>If <var>stored url</var> contains an unsupported scheme raise a
583: <code>NOT_SUPPORTED_ERR</code> and terminate these steps.</p></li>
1.110 avankest 584:
1.58 avankest 585: <li><p>If the <code>"user:password"</code> format in the
586: <code>userinfo</code> production defined in section 3.2.1 of RFC 3986 is
587: not supported for the relevant scheme and <var>stored url</var> contains
1.98 avankest 588: this format raise a <code>SYNTAX_ERR</code> and terminate these steps.
1.69 avankest 589: [<cite><span>RFC3986</span></cite>]</p></li>
1.58 avankest 590:
591: <li><p>If <var>stored url</var> contains the <code>"user:password"</code>
592: format let <var>stored user</var> be the user part and <var>stored
593: password</var> be the password part.</p></li>
594:
595: <li><p>If <var>stored url</var> just contains the <code>"user"</code>
596: format let <var>stored user</var> be the user part.</p></li>
597:
1.69 avankest 598: <li>
599: <p>If <var>stored url</var> is non same-origin the user agent
600: <em class="ct">should</em> raise a <code>SECURITY_ERR</code> exception
1.98 avankest 601: and terminate these steps.</p>
1.69 avankest 602: <p class="note">This specification does not define what constitutes as
1.117 ! avankest 603: non same-origin. It is expected that what constitutes as non same-origin
1.102 avankest 604: will be defined before this specification eventually reaches the W3C
605: Recommendation status by way of referencing a specification that defines
606: it.<!-- XXX reference HTML5? --></p>
1.69 avankest 607: </li>
1.58 avankest 608:
609: <li><p>Let <var>async</var> be the value of the <var>async</var> argument
1.102 avankest 610: or <code>true</code> if it was omitted.</p></li>
1.58 avankest 611:
612: <li><p>If the <var>user</var> argument was not omitted and its syntax
1.96 avankest 613: does not match that specified by the relevant authentication scheme raise
1.98 avankest 614: a <code>SYNTAX_ERR</code> exception and terminate these steps.</p></li>
1.14 avankest 615:
1.58 avankest 616: <li>
617: <p>If the <var>user</var> argument was not omitted and is not
618: <code>null</code> let <var>stored user</var> be <var>user</var> encoded
619: using the encoding specified in the relevant authentication scheme or
620: UTF-8 if the scheme fails to specify an encoding.</p>
1.14 avankest 621:
1.58 avankest 622: <p class="note">This step overrides any user that may have been set by
623: the <var>url</var> argument.</p>
624: </li>
1.16 avankest 625:
1.58 avankest 626: <li><p>If the <var>user</var> argument was not omitted and is
627: <code>null</code> remove <var>stored user</var>.</p></li>
1.14 avankest 628:
1.58 avankest 629: <li><p>If the <var>password</var> argument was not omitted and its syntax
1.96 avankest 630: does not match that specified by the relevant authentication scheme raise
1.98 avankest 631: a <code>SYNTAX_ERR</code> exception and terminate these steps.</p></li>
1.58 avankest 632:
633: <li><p>If the <var>password</var> argument was not omitted and is not
634: <code>null</code> let <var>stored password</var> be <var>password</var>
635: encoded using the encoding specified in the relevant authentication
636: scheme or UTF-8 if the scheme fails to specify an encoding.</p></li>
637:
638: <li><p>If the <var>password</var> argument was not omitted and is
639: <code>null</code> remove <var>stored password</var>.</p></li>
640:
1.108 avankest 641: <li><p><span title="abort send()">Abort the <code>send()</code>
642: algorithm</span>, set <span>response entity body</span> to "null" and
643: reset the list of request headers.<p></li>
1.58 avankest 644:
1.108 avankest 645: <li><p>The user agent <em class="ct">should</em> cancel any network
646: activity for which the object is responsible.</p></li>
1.58 avankest 647: <!-- we can hardly require it... -->
648:
649: <li><p>Switch the object to the <span title="OPEN state">OPEN</span>
1.105 avankest 650: state, set the <span><code>send()</code> flag</span> to "false" and then
1.104 avankest 651: synchronously dispatch a <code>readystatechange</code> event on the
652: object and return the method call.</p></li>
1.58 avankest 653: </ol>
1.14 avankest 654:
1.19 avankest 655: <p class="note">A future version or extension of this specification will
1.33 avankest 656: most likely define a way of doing cross-site requests.</p>
1.1 avankest 657: </dd>
1.12 avankest 658:
1.14 avankest 659: <dt><dfn id="dfn-setrequestheader" title="setrequestheader"><code>setRequestHeader(<var>header</var>,
1.22 avankest 660: <var>value</var>)</code></dfn>, method</dt>
1.12 avankest 661:
1.5 avankest 662: <dd>
1.45 avankest 663: <p>Each request has a list of request headers with associated values. This
664: method can be used to manipulate those values and set new request
665: headers.</p>
666:
1.58 avankest 667: <p>When invoked, the user agent <em class="ct">must</em> follow the
1.96 avankest 668: following steps (unless otherwise indicated):</p>
1.14 avankest 669:
1.58 avankest 670: <ol>
671: <li><p>If the state of the object is not
1.96 avankest 672: <span title="OPEN state">OPEN</span> raise an
1.98 avankest 673: <code>INVALID_STATE_ERR</code> exception and terminate these
674: steps.</p></li>
1.96 avankest 675:
676: <li><p>If the <span><code>send()</code> flag</span> is "true" raise an
1.98 avankest 677: <code>INVALID_STATE_ERR</code> exception and terminate these
678: steps.</p></li>
1.14 avankest 679:
1.97 avankest 680: <li><p>If the <var>header</var> argument does not match the
1.22 avankest 681: <dfn><code>field-name</code> production</dfn> as defined by section 4.2
1.96 avankest 682: of RFC 2616 or is <code>null</code> raise a <code>SYNTAX_ERR</code>
1.98 avankest 683: exception and terminate these steps.
1.96 avankest 684: [<cite><span>RFC2616</span></cite>]</p></li>
685:
1.98 avankest 686: <li><p>If the <var>value</var> argument is <code>null</code> terminate
687: these steps. (Do not raise an exception.)</li>
1.70 avankest 688: <!-- undefined is to be treated as null here... -->
1.79 avankest 689:
1.97 avankest 690: <li><p>If the <var>value</var> argument does not match the
1.22 avankest 691: <dfn><code>field-value</code> production</dfn> as defined by section 4.2
1.98 avankest 692: of RFC 2616 raise a <code>SYNTAX_ERR</code> and terminate these steps.
1.58 avankest 693: [<cite><span>RFC2616</span></cite>]</p></li>
1.14 avankest 694:
1.32 avankest 695: <li>
1.58 avankest 696: <p>For security reasons these steps <em class="ct">should</em> be
1.98 avankest 697: terminated if the <var>header</var> argument
1.80 avankest 698: <span title="case-insensitive match">case-insensitively matches</span>
699: one of the following headers:</p>
1.58 avankest 700:
1.32 avankest 701: <ul>
702: <li><code>Accept-Charset</code></li>
703: <li><code>Accept-Encoding</code></li>
1.68 avankest 704: <li><code>Connection</code></li>
1.32 avankest 705: <li><code>Content-Length</code></li>
1.68 avankest 706: <li><code>Content-Transfer-Encoding</code></li>
707: <li><code>Date</code></li>
1.32 avankest 708: <li><code>Expect</code></li>
709: <li><code>Host</code></li>
710: <li><code>Keep-Alive</code></li>
711: <li><code>Referer</code></li>
712: <li><code>TE</code></li>
713: <li><code>Trailer</code></li>
714: <li><code>Transfer-Encoding</code></li>
715: <li><code>Upgrade</code></li>
1.68 avankest 716: <li><code>Via</code></li>
1.32 avankest 717: </ul>
718: </li>
1.5 avankest 719:
1.58 avankest 720: <li><p>If the <var>header</var> argument is not in the list of request
1.96 avankest 721: headers append the <var>header</var> with its associated <var>value</var>
1.98 avankest 722: to the list and terminate these steps.</p></li>
1.58 avankest 723:
724: <li><p>If the <var>header</var> argument is in the list of request
1.96 avankest 725: headers either use multiple headers, combine the values or use a
726: combination of those (section 4.2, RFC 2616).
727: [<cite><span>RFC2616</span></cite>]</p></li>
728: <!-- XXX it seems UAs always combine the values -->
1.58 avankest 729: </ol>
1.45 avankest 730:
731: <p class="note">See also the <code>send()</code> method regarding user
1.71 avankest 732: agent header handling for caching, authentication, proxies, and
733: cookies.</p>
1.14 avankest 734:
735: <div class="example">
1.58 avankest 736: <pre><code>// The following script:
1.14 avankest 737: var client = new XMLHttpRequest();
738: client.open('GET', 'demo.cgi');
739: client.setRequestHeader('X-Test', 'one');
740: client.setRequestHeader('X-Test', 'two');
741: client.send();
742:
743: // ...would result in the following header being sent:
744: ...
745: X-Test: one, two
1.58 avankest 746: ...</code></pre>
1.14 avankest 747: </div>
1.5 avankest 748: </dd>
1.12 avankest 749:
1.14 avankest 750: <dt><dfn id="dfn-send" title="send"><code>send(<var>data</var>)</code></dfn>,
1.22 avankest 751: method</dt>
1.12 avankest 752:
1.17 avankest 753: <dd>
1.58 avankest 754: <p>The <code>send()</code> method initiates the request and its optional
1.106 avankest 755: argument provides the <span>entity body</span>. Authors are strongly
756: encouraged to ensure that they have specified the
757: <code>Content-Type</code> header via <code>setRequestHeader()</code>
758: before invoking <code>send()</code> with a non-<code>null</code>
759: <var>data</var> argument.</p>
1.58 avankest 760:
761: <p>When invoked, the user agent <em class="ct">must</em> follow the
1.108 avankest 762: following steps (unless otherwise noted). Note that this algorithm might
1.109 avankest 763: get aborted if the <code>open()</code> or <code>abort()</code> is invoked.
764: When the
765: <dfn title="abort send()" id="abort-send-algorithm"><code>send()</code>
1.110 avankest 766: algorithm is aborted</dfn> the user agent <em class="ct">must</em>
767: terminate the algorithm after finishing the step it is on.</p>
768:
1.108 avankest 769: <p class="note">The following algorithm can not be aborted through script
770: when <var>async</var> is <code>false</code>. It can only be aborted when
771: <var>async</var> is <code>true</code> and only after the method call has
772: returned.</p>
1.58 avankest 773:
774: <ol>
775: <li><p>If the state of the object is not
1.96 avankest 776: <span title="OPEN state">OPEN</span> raise an
1.98 avankest 777: <code>INVALID_STATE_ERR</code> exception and terminate these
778: steps.</p></li>
1.96 avankest 779:
780: <li><p>If the <span><code>send()</code> flag</span> is "true" raise an
1.98 avankest 781: <code>INVALID_STATE_ERR</code> exception and terminate these
782: steps.</p></li>
1.58 avankest 783:
1.102 avankest 784: <li><p>If <var>async</var> is <code>true</code> set the
1.103 avankest 785: <span><code>send()</code> flag</span> to "true".</p></li>
786:
1.58 avankest 787: <li>
788: <p>If the <var>data</var> argument has not been omitted and is not
1.96 avankest 789: <code>null</code> use it for the <dfn id="dfn-entity-body">entity
790: body</dfn> as defined by section 7.2 of RFC 2616 observing the following
791: rules: [<cite><span>RFC2616</span></cite>]</p>
1.58 avankest 792:
793: <dl>
794: <dt><var>data</var> is a <code>DOMString</code></dt>
795:
1.96 avankest 796: <dd><p>Encode <var>data</var> using UTF-8 for transmission.</p></dd>
1.58 avankest 797:
798: <dt><var>data</var> is a <code>Document</code>
799:
800: <dd>
1.96 avankest 801: <p>Serialize <var>data</var> into a namespace well-formed XML document
802: and encoded using the encoding given by
803: <code><var>data</var>.xmlEncoding</code>, if specified, or UTF-8
804: otherwise. Or, if this fails because the <code>Document</code>
805: cannot be serialized act as if <var>data</var> is
806: <code>null</code>.</p>
807:
808: <p>If no <code>Content-Type</code> header is in the list of request
809: headers append it to the list of request headers with a value of
810: <code>application/xml</code>.</p>
1.58 avankest 811:
812: <p class="note">Subsequent changes to the <code>Document</code> have
813: no effect on what is submitted.</p>
814: </dd>
815:
816: <dt><var>data</var> is not a <code>DOMString</code> or
817: <code>Document</code></dt>
818:
1.96 avankest 819: <dd><p>Use the stringification mechanisms of the host language on
820: <var>data</var> and treat the result as if <var>data</var> is a
821: <code>DOMString</code>. Or, if this fails, act as if <var>data</var> is
822: <code>null</code>.</p></dd>
1.58 avankest 823: </dl>
824:
825: <p>If the data argument has been omitted or is <code>null</code> no
1.96 avankest 826: entity body is used in the request.</p>
1.58 avankest 827: </li>
828:
1.71 avankest 829: <li><p>Make a request to <var>stored url</var>, using HTTP method
830: <var>stored method</var>, user <var>stored user</var> (if provided) and
831: password <var>stored password</var> (if provided), taking into account
832: the entity body, list of request headers and the rules listed directly
833: after this set of steps.</p></li>
1.60 avankest 834:
1.67 avankest 835: <li>
1.96 avankest 836: <p>Synchronously dispatch a <code>readystatechange</code> event on the
837: object.</p>
1.67 avankest 838:
1.96 avankest 839: <p class="note">The state of the object does not change. The event is
840: dispatched for historical reasons.</p>
1.67 avankest 841: </li>
842:
1.102 avankest 843: <li><p>If <var>async</var> is <code>true</code> return the
1.98 avankest 844: <code>send()</code> method call. (Do not terminate the steps in the
845: algorithm though.)</p></li>
1.58 avankest 846:
1.117 ! avankest 847: <li>
! 848: <p>If all HTTP headers have been received, immediately before receiving
! 849: the message body (if any), follow the following sub steps:</p>
! 850:
! 851: <ol>
! 852: <li>Synchronously switch the state to
! 853: <span title="SENT state">SENT</span>.</li>
! 854:
! 855: <li>Synchronously dispatch a <code>readystatechange</code> event on the
! 856: object.</li>
! 857:
! 858: <li>Synchronously switch the state to
! 859: <span title="LOADING state">LOADING</span>.</li>
! 860:
! 861: <li>Synchronously dispatch a <code>readystatechange</code> event on the
! 862: object.</li>
! 863: </ol>
! 864: </li>
1.58 avankest 865:
866: <li>
867: <p>If the response is an HTTP redirect (status code <code>301</code>,
1.96 avankest 868: <code>302</code>, <code>303</code> or <code>307</code>), transparently
869: follow it (unless it violates security, infinite loop precautions or the
870: scheme is not supported).</p>
1.60 avankest 871:
1.58 avankest 872: <p class="note">HTTP places requirements on the user agent regarding the
873: preservation of the request method and entity body during redirects, and
874: also requires users to be notified of certain kinds of automatic
875: redirections.</p>
876: <!-- Arguably HTTP should be fixed for the latter case. No browser
877: follows that as far as I know. -->
878: </li>
1.60 avankest 879:
1.58 avankest 880: <li>
1.96 avankest 881: <p>If something goes wrong (infinite loop, network errors) run the
882: following set of steps:</p>
1.60 avankest 883:
1.58 avankest 884: <ol>
1.96 avankest 885: <li><p>Set <span>response entity body</span> to "null" and reset the
1.89 avankest 886: list of request headers.</p></li>
1.60 avankest 887:
1.82 avankest 888: <li><p>Synchronously switch the state to
1.79 avankest 889: <span title="DONE state">DONE</span>.</p></li>
1.60 avankest 890:
1.96 avankest 891: <li><p>If <var>async</var> is set to <code>false</code> raise a
1.99 avankest 892: <code>NETWORK_ERR</code> exception and terminate the overall
893: algorithm.</p></li>
1.60 avankest 894:
1.58 avankest 895: <li><p>Synchronously dispatch a <code>readystatechange</code> event on
896: the object.</p></li>
1.60 avankest 897:
1.98 avankest 898: <li><p>Terminate the overall algorithm.</p></li>
1.58 avankest 899: </ol>
1.60 avankest 900:
1.82 avankest 901: <p class="note">It is likely that a future version of the
902: <code>XMLHttpRequest</code> object will dispatch an <code>error</code>
903: event here as well.</p>
1.58 avankest 904: </li>
905:
1.82 avankest 906: <li><p>When the request has successfully completed loading, synchronously
1.96 avankest 907: switch the state to <span title="DONE state">DONE</span> and then
908: synchronously dispatch a <code>readystatechange</code> event on the
909: object and return the method call in case of <var>async</var> being
910: <code>false</code>.</p></li>
1.58 avankest 911: </ol>
1.14 avankest 912:
1.91 avankest 913: <p>If the user agent allows the user to configure a proxy it
1.22 avankest 914: <em class="ct">should</em> modify the request appropriately;
1.42 avankest 915: <abbr title="in other words">i.e.</abbr>, connect to the proxy host
916: instead of the origin server, modify the <code>Request-Line</code> and
917: send <code>Proxy-Authorization</code> headers as specified.</p>
1.12 avankest 918:
1.42 avankest 919: <p>If the user agent supports HTTP Authentication it
1.22 avankest 920: <em class="ct">should</em> consider requests originating from this object
1.42 avankest 921: to be part of the protection space that includes the accessed URIs and
922: send <code>Authorization</code> headers and handle <code>401
1.72 avankest 923: Unauthorised</code> requests appropriately. If authentication fails, user
1.42 avankest 924: agents <em class="ct">should</em> prompt the users for credentials.
925: [<cite><span>RFC2617</span></cite>]</p>
926:
1.57 avankest 927: <p>If the user agent supports HTTP State Management it
1.42 avankest 928: <em class="ct">should</em> persist, discard and send cookies (as received
929: in the <code>Set-Cookie</code> and <code>Set-Cookie2</code> response
930: headers, and sent in the <code>Cookie</code> header) as applicable.
931: [<cite><span>RFC2965</span></cite>]</p>
932:
933: <p>If the user agent implements a HTTP cache it <em class="ct">should</em>
934: respect <code>Cache-Control</code> request headers set by the script
935: (<abbr title="for example">e.g.</abbr>, <code>Cache-Control:
936: no-cache</code> bypasses the cache). It <em class="ct">must not</em> send
937: <code>Cache-Control</code> or <code>Pragma</code> request headers
938: automatically unless the user explicitly requests such behaviour
939: (<abbr>e.g.</abbr>, by (force-)reloading the page). <code>304 Not
1.22 avankest 940: Modified</code> responses that are a result of a user agent generated
941: conditional request <em class="ct">must</em> be presented as <code>200
1.57 avankest 942: OK</code> responses with the appropriate content. The user agent
1.39 avankest 943: <em class="ct">must</em> allow scripts to override automatic cache
1.22 avankest 944: validation by setting request headers (e.g., <code>If-None-Match</code>,
1.42 avankest 945: <code>If-Modified-Since</code>), in which case <code>304 Not
946: Modified</code> responses <em class="ct">must</em> be passed through.
947: [<cite><span>RFC2616</span></cite>]</p>
1.12 avankest 948:
1.8 avankest 949: <p>If the user agent implements server-driven content-negotiation
1.42 avankest 950: it <em class="ct">should</em> set <code>Accept-Language</code>,
1.22 avankest 951: <code>Accept-Encoding</code> and <code>Accept-Charset</code> headers as
952: appropriate; it <em class="ct">must not</em> automatically set the
953: <code>Accept</code> header. Responses to such requests
1.40 avankest 954: <em class="ct">must</em> have the content-codings automatically
1.42 avankest 955: decoded. [<cite><span>RFC2616</span></cite>]</p>
1.8 avankest 956: </dd>
1.12 avankest 957:
1.14 avankest 958: <dt><dfn id="dfn-abort"><code>abort()</code></dfn>, method</dt>
1.12 avankest 959:
1.5 avankest 960: <dd>
1.60 avankest 961: <p>When invoked, the user agent <em class="ct">must</em> run the following
1.96 avankest 962: steps (unless otherwise noted):</p>
1.60 avankest 963:
964: <ol>
1.108 avankest 965: <li><p><span title="abort send()">Abort the <code>send()</code>
966: algorithm</span>, set the <span>response entity body</span> to "null",
967: set the <span><code>send()</code> flag</span> to "false" and remove any
1.104 avankest 968: registered request headers.</p></li>
1.60 avankest 969:
1.108 avankest 970: <li><p>The user agent <em class="ct">should</em> cancel any network
971: activity for which the object is responsible.</p></li>
1.60 avankest 972:
1.83 avankest 973: <li>
1.85 avankest 974: <p>If the state is <span title="UNSENT state">UNSENT</span>,
1.83 avankest 975: <span title="OPEN state">OPEN</span> and the <span><code>send()</code>
1.87 avankest 976: flag</span> is "false", or <span title="DONE state">DONE</span> go to
977: the next step.</p>
1.85 avankest 978:
1.96 avankest 979: <p>Otherwise, switch the state to <span title="DONE state">DONE</span>
980: and synchronously dispatch a <code>readystatechange</code> event on the
981: object.</p>
1.83 avankest 982: </li>
1.67 avankest 983:
1.60 avankest 984: <li>
1.97 avankest 985: <p>Switch the state to <span title="UNSENT state">UNSENT</span>. (Do not
1.71 avankest 986: dispatch the <code>readystatechange</code> event.)</p>
1.60 avankest 987:
1.82 avankest 988: <p class="note">It is likely that a future version of the
989: <code>XMLHttpRequest</code> object will dispatch an
990: <code title="">abort</code> event here as well.</p>
1.60 avankest 991: </li>
992: </ol>
1.5 avankest 993: </dd>
1.12 avankest 994:
1.14 avankest 995: <dt><dfn id="dfn-getallresponseheaders"><code>getAllResponseHeaders()</code></dfn>,
1.22 avankest 996: method</dt>
1.12 avankest 997:
1.5 avankest 998: <dd>
1.60 avankest 999: <p>When invoked, the user agent <em class="ct">must</em> run
1.58 avankest 1000: the following steps:</p>
1001:
1002: <ol>
1.86 avankest 1003: <li><p>If the state is not <span title="LOADING state">LOADING</span> or
1.96 avankest 1004: <span title="DONE state">DONE</span> raise an
1.98 avankest 1005: <code>INVALID_STATE_ERR</code> exception and terminate these
1006: steps.</p></li>
1.96 avankest 1007:
1008: <li><p>Return all the HTTP headers, as a single string, with each header
1009: line separated by a U+000D CR U+000A LF pair excluding the status
1010: line.</p></li>
1.58 avankest 1011: </ol>
1.24 avankest 1012:
1.5 avankest 1013: <div class="example">
1.58 avankest 1014: <pre><code>// The following script:
1.5 avankest 1015: var client = new XMLHttpRequest();
1.14 avankest 1016: client.open("GET", "test.txt", true);
1.5 avankest 1017: client.send();
1.12 avankest 1018: client.onreadystatechange = function() {
1.13 avankest 1019: if(this.readyState == 3) {
1.12 avankest 1020: print(this.getAllResponseHeaders());
1021: }
1022: }
1.5 avankest 1023:
1024: // ...should output something similar to the following text:
1025: Date: 2004年10月24日 04:58:38 GMT
1026: Server: Apache/1.3.31 (Unix)
1027: Keep-Alive: timeout=15, max=99
1028: Connection: Keep-Alive
1029: Transfer-Encoding: chunked
1.58 avankest 1030: Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8</code></pre>
1.5 avankest 1031: </div>
1032: </dd>
1.12 avankest 1033:
1.18 avankest 1034: <dt><dfn id="dfn-getresponseheader" title="getresponseheader"><code>getResponseHeader(<var>header</var>)</code></dfn>,
1.22 avankest 1035: method</dt>
1.12 avankest 1036:
1.1 avankest 1037: <dd>
1.58 avankest 1038: <p>When the method is invoked, the user agent <em class="ct">must</em> run
1039: the following steps:</p>
1.14 avankest 1040:
1.58 avankest 1041: <ol>
1.86 avankest 1042: <li><p>If the state is not <span title="LOADING state">LOADING</span> or
1.96 avankest 1043: <span title="DONE state">DONE</span> raise an
1.98 avankest 1044: <code>INVALID_STATE_ERR</code> exception and terminate these
1045: steps.</p></li>
1.58 avankest 1046:
1.97 avankest 1047: <li><p>If the <var>header</var> argument does not match the
1.96 avankest 1048: <span><code>field-name</code> production</span> raise a
1.98 avankest 1049: <code>SYNTAX_ERR</code> exception and terminate these steps.</p></li>
1.58 avankest 1050:
1.80 avankest 1051: <li><p>If the <var>header</var> argument
1052: <span title="case-insensitive match">case-insensitively matches</span>
1.96 avankest 1053: multiple HTTP headers for the last request sent return the values of
1054: these headers as a single concatenated string separated from each other
1.98 avankest 1055: by an U+002C COMMA followed by an U+0020 SPACE and terminate these
1.96 avankest 1056: steps.</p></li>
1.58 avankest 1057:
1.80 avankest 1058: <li><p>If the <var>header</var> argument
1059: <span title="case-insensitive match">case-insensitively matches</span> a
1.96 avankest 1060: single HTTP header for the last request sent return the value of that
1.98 avankest 1061: header and terminate these steps.</p></li>
1.58 avankest 1062:
1.96 avankest 1063: <li><p>Return <code>null</code>.</p></li>
1.58 avankest 1064: </ol>
1.12 avankest 1065:
1.1 avankest 1066: <div class="example">
1.58 avankest 1067: <pre><code>// The following script:
1.1 avankest 1068: var client = new XMLHttpRequest();
1.14 avankest 1069: client.open("GET", "test.txt", true);
1.5 avankest 1070: client.send();
1.12 avankest 1071: client.onreadystatechange = function() {
1.13 avankest 1072: if(this.readyState == 3) {
1.14 avankest 1073: print(client.getResponseHeader("Content-Type"));
1.12 avankest 1074: }
1075: }
1.1 avankest 1076:
1.5 avankest 1077: // ...should output something similar to the following text:
1.58 avankest 1078: Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8</code></pre>
1.1 avankest 1079: </div>
1.5 avankest 1080: </dd>
1.12 avankest 1081:
1.5 avankest 1082: <dt><dfn id="dfn-responsetext"><code>responseText</code></dfn> of type
1.22 avankest 1083: <code>DOMString</code>, readonly</dt>
1.12 avankest 1084:
1.5 avankest 1085: <dd>
1.88 avankest 1086: <p>On getting, the user agent <em class="ct">must</em> run the following
1087: steps:</p>
1088:
1089: <ol>
1090: <li><p>If the state is not <span title="LOADING state">LOADING</span> or
1.96 avankest 1091: <span title="DONE state">DONE</span> raise an
1.98 avankest 1092: <code>INVALID_STATE_ERR</code> exception and terminate these
1093: steps.</p></li>
1.12 avankest 1094:
1.88 avankest 1095: <li><p>Return the <span>text response entity body</span>.</p></li>
1096: </ol>
1.5 avankest 1097: </dd>
1.12 avankest 1098:
1.5 avankest 1099: <dt><dfn id="dfn-responsexml"><code>responseXML</code></dfn> of type
1.22 avankest 1100: <code>Document</code>, readonly</dt>
1.12 avankest 1101:
1.8 avankest 1102: <dd>
1.75 avankest 1103: <p>On getting, the user agent <em class="ct">must</em> run the following
1104: steps:</p>
1.79 avankest 1105:
1.75 avankest 1106: <ol>
1.96 avankest 1107: <li><p>If the state is not <span title="DONE state">DONE</span> raise an
1.98 avankest 1108: <code>INVALID_STATE_ERR</code> exception and terminate these
1109: steps.</p></li>
1.75 avankest 1110:
1.88 avankest 1111: <li><p>Return the <span>XML response entity body</span>.</p></li>
1.75 avankest 1112: </ol>
1.5 avankest 1113: </dd>
1.12 avankest 1114:
1.22 avankest 1115: <dt><dfn id="dfn-status"><code>status</code></dfn> of type <code>unsigned
1116: short</code>, readonly</dt>
1.12 avankest 1117:
1.5 avankest 1118: <dd>
1.72 avankest 1119: <p>On getting, if available, it <em class="ct">must</em> return the HTTP
1120: status code sent by the server (typically <code>200</code> for a
1121: successful request). Otherwise, if not available, the user agent
1122: <em class="ct">must</em> raise an <code>INVALID_STATE_ERR</code>
1123: exception.</p>
1.12 avankest 1124: </dd>
1125:
1.5 avankest 1126: <dt><dfn id="dfn-statustext"><code>statusText</code></dfn> of type
1.22 avankest 1127: <code>DOMString</code>, readonly</dt>
1.12 avankest 1128:
1.5 avankest 1129: <dd>
1.72 avankest 1130: <p>On getting, if available, it <em class="ct">must</em> return the HTTP
1131: status text sent by the server (appears after the status code). Otherwise,
1132: if not available, the user agent <em class="ct">must</em> raise an
1133: <code>INVALID_STATE_ERR</code> exception.</p>
1.1 avankest 1134: </dd>
1135: </dl>
1.12 avankest 1136:
1.31 avankest 1137: <h3 id="events">Events for the <code title="">XMLHttpRequest</code>
1138: Object</h3>
1.12 avankest 1139:
1.1 avankest 1140: <p>These sections describe the various events that can be dispatched on the
1.22 avankest 1141: object implementing the <code>XMLHttpRequest</code> interface. For this
1142: version of the specification only one event is defined.</p>
1.12 avankest 1143:
1.1 avankest 1144: <dl>
1145: <dt><dfn id="dfn-readystatechange"><code>readystatechange</code></dfn></dt>
1.24 avankest 1146:
1.72 avankest 1147: <dd>When the user agent dispatches a <code title="">readystatechange</code>
1148: event (as indicated above) it <em class="ct">must not</em> bubble,
1149: <em class="ct">must not</em> be cancelable and <em class="ct">must</em>
1150: implement the <code>Event</code> interface. Its <code>namespaceURI</code>
1151: attribute <em class="ct">must</em> be <code>null</code>.
1152: [<cite><span>DOM3Events</span></cite>]</dd>
1.1 avankest 1153: </dl>
1.32 avankest 1154:
1.31 avankest 1155: <h3 id="exceptions">Exceptions for the <code title="">XMLHttpRequest</code>
1156: Object</h3>
1157:
1.117 ! avankest 1158: <pre class="idl">exception <dfn>XMLHttpRequestException</dfn> {
1.31 avankest 1159: unsigned short code;
1.117 ! avankest 1160: };
1.31 avankest 1161: const unsigned short <span>NETWORK_ERR</span> = 101;</pre>
1162:
1.33 avankest 1163: <p>The <dfn id="network-err"><code>NETWORK_ERR</code></dfn> exception is
1164: thrown when a network error occurs in synchronous requests. See the section
1165: on <code>send()</code> for more details.</p>
1.11 avankest 1166:
1.29 avankest 1167: <h2 class="no-num" id="notcovered">Not in this Specification</h2>
1168:
1169: <p><em>This section is non normative.</em></p>
1170:
1.72 avankest 1171: <p>This specification does not include the following features which are
1172: being considered for a future version of this specification:</p>
1.29 avankest 1173:
1174: <ul>
1175: <li><code>load</code> event and <code>onload</code> attribute;</li>
1176: <li><code>error</code> event and <code>onerror</code> attribute;</li>
1177: <li><code>progress</code> event and <code>onprogress</code> attribute;</li>
1178: <li><code title="">abort</code> event and <code>onabort</code> attribute;</li>
1179: <li>Timers have been suggested, perhaps an <code>ontimeout</code>
1180: attribute;</li>
1181: <li>Property to disable following redirects;</li>
1.30 avankest 1182: <li><code title="">responseXML</code> for <code>text/html</code>
1183: documents;</li>
1.40 avankest 1184: <li>Cross-site <code title="">XMLHttpRequest</code>;</li>
1.87 avankest 1185: <li><code>responseBody</code> to deal with byte streams;</li>
1.114 avankest 1186: <li><code>overrideMimeType</code> to fix up MIME types;</li>
1.87 avankest 1187: <li><code>getRequestHeader()</code> and
1188: <code>removeRequestHeader()</code>.</li>
1.29 avankest 1189: </ul>
1190:
1.1 avankest 1191: <h2 class="no-num" id="bibref">References</h2>
1.11 avankest 1192:
1.6 avankest 1193: <dl>
1.37 avankest 1194: <dt>[<dfn id="DOM3">DOM3Core</dfn>]</dt>
1.24 avankest 1195:
1.11 avankest 1196: <dd><cite><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/DOM-Level-3-Core">Document Object
1.92 avankest 1197: Model (DOM) Level 3 Core Specification</a></cite>, A. Le Hors, P. Le
1.117 ! avankest 1198: Hégaret, L. Wood, G. Nicol, J. Robie, M. Champion, S. Byrne, editors. W3C,
! 1199: April 2004.</dd>
1.11 avankest 1200:
1.37 avankest 1201: <dt>[<dfn id="DOM3EV">DOM3Events</dfn>]</dt>
1.24 avankest 1202:
1.92 avankest 1203: <dd><cite><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/DOM-Level-3-Events/">Document
1204: Object Model (DOM) Level 3 Events Specification</a></cite>, Björn Höhrmann,
1.117 ! avankest 1205: editor. W3C, April 2006.</dd>
1.11 avankest 1206:
1.117 ! avankest 1207: <dt>[<dfn id="ref-ecmascript">ECMAScript</dfn>]</dt>
1.24 avankest 1208:
1.92 avankest 1209: <dd><cite><a href="http://www.ecma-international.org/publications/standards/Ecma-262.htm">ECMAScript
1210: Language Specification</a></cite>, Third Edition. ECMA, December 1999.</dd>
1.14 avankest 1211:
1.37 avankest 1212: <dt>[<dfn id="ref-rfc2046">RFC2046</dfn>]</dt>
1.24 avankest 1213:
1.19 avankest 1214: <dd><cite><a href="http://ietf.org/rfc/rfc2046">Multipurpose Internet Mail
1.92 avankest 1215: Extensions (MIME) Part Two: Media Types</a></cite>, N. Freed, N.
1216: Borenstein, editors. IETF, November 1996.</dd>
1.14 avankest 1217:
1.37 avankest 1218: <dt>[<dfn id="RFC2119">RFC2119</dfn>]</dt>
1.24 avankest 1219:
1.117 ! avankest 1220: <dd><cite><a href="http://ietf.org/rfc/rfc2119">Key words for use in RFCs to
! 1221: Indicate Requirement Levels</a></cite>, S. Bradner. IETF, March 1997.</dd>
1.12 avankest 1222:
1.37 avankest 1223: <dt>[<dfn id="RFC2616">RFC2616</dfn>]</dt>
1.24 avankest 1224:
1.11 avankest 1225: <dd><cite><a href="http://ietf.org/rfc/rfc2616">Hypertext Transfer Protocol
1.92 avankest 1226: -- HTTP/1.1</a></cite>, R. Fielding, J. Gettys, J. Mogul, H. Frystyk, L.
1227: Masinter, P. Leach, T. Berners-Lee, editors. IETF, June 1999.</dd>
1.12 avankest 1228:
1.37 avankest 1229: <dt>[<dfn id="ref-rfc2617">RFC2617</dfn>]</dt>
1.24 avankest 1230:
1.11 avankest 1231: <dd><cite><a href="http://ietf.org/rfc/rfc2617">HTTP Authentication: Basic
1.92 avankest 1232: and Digest Access Authentication</a></cite>, P. Hallam-Baker, J.
1233: Hostetler, S. Lawrence, P. Leach, A. Luotonen, L. Stewart, editors. IETF,
1234: June 1999.</dd>
1.12 avankest 1235:
1.37 avankest 1236: <dt>[<dfn id="ref-rfc2965">RFC2965</dfn>]</dt>
1.24 avankest 1237:
1.19 avankest 1238: <dd><cite><a href="http://ietf.org/rfc/rfc2965">HTTP State Management
1.92 avankest 1239: Mechanism</a></cite>, D. Kristol, L. Montulli, editors. IETF, October
1240: 2000.</dd>
1.19 avankest 1241:
1.37 avankest 1242: <dt>[<dfn id="ref-rfc3986">RFC3986</dfn>]</dt>
1.24 avankest 1243:
1.11 avankest 1244: <dd><cite><a href="http://ietf.org/rfc/rfc3986">Uniform Resource Identifier
1.92 avankest 1245: (URI): Generic Syntax</a></cite>, T. Berners-Lee, R. Fielding, L. Masinter,
1246: editors. IETF, January 2005.</dd>
1.28 avankest 1247:
1.92 avankest 1248: <dt>[<dfn id="ref-window">Window</dfn>]</dt>
1.28 avankest 1249:
1.92 avankest 1250: <dd><cite><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/Window/">Window Object
1251: 1.0</a></cite>, I. Davis, M. Stachowiak, editors. W3C, April 2006.</dd>
1.41 avankest 1252:
1.92 avankest 1253: <dt>[<dfn id="ref-xml">XML</dfn>]</dt>
1.41 avankest 1254:
1.92 avankest 1255: <dd><cite><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xml/">Extensible Markup Language
1256: (XML) 1.0 (Fourth Edition)</a></cite>, T. Bray, J. Paoli, C.
1.117 ! avankest 1257: Sperberg-McQueen, E. Maler, F. Yergeau, editors. W3C, September 2006.</dd>
1.41 avankest 1258:
1.92 avankest 1259: <dt>[<dfn id="ref-xmlns">XMLNS</dfn>]</dt>
1.41 avankest 1260:
1.92 avankest 1261: <dd><cite><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xml-names/">Namespaces in XML
1.117 ! avankest 1262: (Second Edition)</a></cite>, T. Bray, D. Hollander, A. Layman, R. Tobin,
! 1263: editors. W3C, August 2006.</dd>
1.1 avankest 1264: </dl>
1.11 avankest 1265:
1.1 avankest 1266: <h2 class="no-num" id="acknowledgements">Acknowledgements</h2>
1.11 avankest 1267:
1.1 avankest 1268: <p><em>This section is non-normative</em></p>
1.12 avankest 1269:
1.7 avankest 1270: <p>The editor would like to thank to the following people who have contributed
1.33 avankest 1271: to this specification (ordered by first name):</p>
1.12 avankest 1272:
1.1 avankest 1273: <ul>
1.112 avankest 1274: <li>Ahmed Kamel</li>
1.22 avankest 1275: <li>Alex Hopmann</li>
1.7 avankest 1276: <li>Alex Vincent</li>
1.15 avankest 1277: <li>Alexey Proskuryakov</li>
1.1 avankest 1278: <li>Asbjørn Ulsberg</li>
1279: <li>Boris Zbarsky</li>
1280: <li>Björn Höhrmann</li>
1281: <li>Cameron McCormack</li>
1282: <li>Christophe Jolif</li>
1283: <li>Charles McCathieNevile</li>
1.54 avankest 1284: <li>Dan Winship</li>
1.72 avankest 1285: <li>David Håsäther</li>
1.1 avankest 1286: <li>Dean Jackson</li>
1287: <li>Doug Schepers</li>
1288: <li>Douglas Livingstone</li>
1.112 avankest 1289: <li>Eric Lawrence</li>
1290: <li>Gideon Cohn</li>
1.1 avankest 1291: <li>Gorm Haug Eriksen</li>
1292: <li>Hallvord R. M. Steen</li>
1293: <li>Håkon Wium Lie</li>
1294: <li>Ian Davis</li>
1295: <li>Ian Hickson</li>
1296: <li>Ivan Herman</li>
1297: <li>Jens Lindström</li>
1298: <li>Jim Deegan</li>
1299: <li>Jim Ley</li>
1.112 avankest 1300: <li>Joe Farro</li>
1.1 avankest 1301: <li>Jonas Sicking</li>
1302: <li>Julian Reschke</li>
1303: <li>Karl Dubost</li>
1304: <li>Maciej Stachowiak</li>
1.7 avankest 1305: <li>Magnus Kristiansen</li>
1.1 avankest 1306: <li>Marc Hadley</li>
1.53 avankest 1307: <li>Marcos Caceres</li>
1.87 avankest 1308: <li>Mark Baker</li>
1.1 avankest 1309: <li>Mark Nottingham</li>
1.92 avankest 1310: <li>Mohamed Zergaoui</li>
1.1 avankest 1311: <li>Pawel Glowacki</li>
1312: <li>Robin Berjon</li>
1313: <li>Ruud Steltenpool</li>
1.33 avankest 1314: <li>Simon Pieters</li>
1.112 avankest 1315: <li>Sunava Dutta</li>
1316: <li>Zhenbin Xu</li>
1.1 avankest 1317: </ul>
1.12 avankest 1318:
1.1 avankest 1319: <p>Special thanks to the Microsoft employees who first implemented the
1.22 avankest 1320: <code>XMLHttpRequest</code> interface, which was first widely deployed by the
1321: Windows Internet Explorer browser.</p>
1.12 avankest 1322:
1.54 avankest 1323: <p>Special thanks also to the WHATWG for drafting an initial version of this
1.22 avankest 1324: specification in their Web Applications 1.0 document.</p>
1.12 avankest 1325:
1.1 avankest 1326: <p>Thanks also to all those who have helped to improve this specification by
1.22 avankest 1327: sending suggestions and corrections. (Please, keep bugging us with your
1328: issues!)</p>
1.1 avankest 1329: </body>
1330: </html>
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