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Python 3.8 (pre-release), \$L=80\$, \$N\approx255^{1500}\$

^{-2 bytes thanks to @Jonathan Allan}

f=lambda b,s=0,l=0:b and f(b[1:],255*s+b[0],l+(l!=1500))or s.to_bytes(l,"big")

Try it online!

Python source code can't contain null bytes. This converts the input (bytestring) to base 255 and then back to bytes. After 1500 removes a redundant byte.