#Octave, 99 bytes

Octave, 99 bytes

nearly same method as MATL answer but here kernel of convolutions is

nearly same method as MATL answer but here kernel of convolutions is

@(a)sum((c=conv2(a,[s=[q=2^.5 1 q];1 0 1;s],'same').*a)(:))/2/{[x y]=find(c<2&c>0),pdist([x y])}{2}

1.41 , 1 , 1.41
1 , 0 , 1 
1.41 , 1 , 1.41

a=logical([...
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 
1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 
0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ]);
sq = sqrt(2);
kernel = [...
 sq , 1 , sq
 1 , 0 , 1 
 sq , 1 , sq];
%2D convolution
c=conv2(a,kernel,'same').*a;
%river length
river_length = sum(c (:))/2;
%find start and end points
[x y]=find(c<2&c>0);
% distance between start and end points
dis = pdist([x y]);
result = river_length/ dis 

@(a)sum((c=conv2(a,[s=[q=2^.5 1 q];1 0 1;s],'same').*a)(:))/2/{[x y]=find(c<2&c>0),pdist([x y])}{2}

1.41 , 1 , 1.41
1 , 0 , 1 
1.41 , 1 , 1.41

a=logical([...
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 
1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 
0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ]);
sq = sqrt(2);
kernel = [...
 sq , 1 , sq
 1 , 0 , 1 
 sq , 1 , sq];
%2D convolution
c=conv2(a,kernel,'same').*a;
#river length
river_length = sum(c (:))/2;
#find start and end points
[x y]=find(c<2&c>0);
# distance between start and end points
dis = pdist([x y]);
result = river_length/ dis 

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