Chloropicrin

---

SUMMARY Hazard alerts

The following Pesticide Hazard Tricolour (PHT) alerts are based on the data in the tables below. An absence of an alert does not imply the substance has no implications for human health, biodiversity or the environment but just that we do not have the data to form a judgement. The alerts for Highly Hazardous Pesticides (HHPs) are based on applying the FAO/WHO (Type 1) and the PAN (Type II) criteria to PPDB data. Further details on the HHP indicators are given in the tables below. Neither the PHT nor the HHP hazard alerts take account of usage patterns or exposure, thus they do not represent risk.

PHT: Environmental fate	PHT: Ecotoxicity	PHT: Human health	Highly Hazardous Pesticide
Environmental fate High alert: Drainflow: Mobile	Ecotoxicity High alert: Birds acute ecotoxicity: High; Fish acute ecotoxicity: High; Daphnia chronic ecotoxicity: High	Human health High alert: Mammals chronic toxicity: High	Highly Hazardous Pesticide (HHP) Type II alert

Description
A preplant soil fumigant used to control soil borne fungi, diseases and nematodes
Example pests controlled
Caterpillars; Aphids; Scale insects; Spidermites; Whiteflies; Nematodes
Example applications
Strawberries; Peppers; Onions; Curcubits; Tobacco; Tomatoes; Ornamentals; Nursery stock; Tree crops, Olives
Efficacy & activity
Published evidence is limited but use has been extensive.

GB regulatory status

GB COPR regulatory status
Not approved
Date COPR inclusion expires
Not applicable
GB LERAP status
No UK approval for use as a plant protection agent

EC Regulation 1107/2009 (repealing 91/414)

EC Regulation 1107/2009 status
Not approved
Dossier rapporteur/co-rapporteur
Not applicable
Date EC 1107/2009 inclusion expires
Not applicable
EU Candidate for substitution (CfS)
Not applicable
Listed in EU database
Yes
Approved for use (✓) under EC 1107/2009 in the following EU Member States
ATAustria BEBelgium BGBulgaria CYCyprus CZCzech Republic DEGermany DKDenmark EEEstonia ELGreece                   ESSpain FIFinland FRFrance HRCroatia HUHungary IEIreland ITItaly LTLithuania LULuxembourg                   LVLatvia MTMalta NLNetherlands PLPoland PTPortugal RORomania SESweden SISlovenia SKSlovakia
Approved for use (✓) under EC 1107/2009 by Mutual Recognition of Authorisation and/or national regulations in the following EEA countries
ISIceland NONorway

Additional information

Also used in
USA; Australia; Morocco

Chemical structure

Isomerism
None
Chemical formula
CCl3NO2
Canonical SMILES
C([N+](=O)[O-])(Cl)(Cl)Cl
Isomeric SMILES
-
International Chemical Identifier key (InChIKey)
LFHISGNCFUNFFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N
International Chemical Identifier (InChI)
InChI=1S/CCl3NO2/c2-1(3,4)5(6)7
2D structure diagram/image available?
Yes

General status

Pesticide type
Insecticide; Nematicide
Substance groups
Fumigant insecticide; Fumigant nematicide
Minimum active substance purity
990 g kg−1
Known relevant impurities
EU dossier - None declared
Substance origin
Synthetic
Mode of action
Via vapour, exact mode of action is multi-site and non-specific
CAS RN
76-06-2
EC number
200-930-9
CIPAC number
298
US EPA chemical code
081501
PubChem CID
6423
CLP index number
610-001-00-3
Molecular mass
164.37
PIN (Preferred Identification Name)
trichloro(nitro)methane
IUPAC name
trichloronitromethane
CAS name
trichloronitromethane
Global Governance status: Listed (✓) under
UK Poisons List Order 1972 Rotterdam Convention Montreal Protocol ✓Yes The Poisons List Order 1972 XNo Rotterdam Convention XNo Montreal Protocol Stockholm Convention OSPAR EU Water Framework Directive XNo Stockholm Convention XNo OSPAR XNo EU Water Framework Directive
Relevant Environmental Water Quality Standards
-
Forever chemical
-
Highly Hazardous Pesticide (HHP)
	Type I
-
Type II
Yes [ R01 Rule 1: Pesticide active ingredients that meet the criteria of classes Ia or Ib of the WHO Recommended Classification of Pesticides by Hazard (or those with a CLP classification of H330) ; R09 Rule 9: Pesticide active ingredients that have demonstrated a high aquatic toxicity (where acute ecotoxicity for fish, invertebrates or algae =< 0.1 mg l−1) ]
Other status information
Potential groundwater contaminant; Marine pollutant; PAN Bad Actor Chemical
Herbicide Resistance Class (HRAC MoA class)
Not applicable
Herbicide Resistance Class (WSSA MoA class)
Not applicable
Insecticide Resistance Class (IRAC MoA class)
8B
Fungicide Resistance Class (FRAC MOA class)
Not applicable
Examples of recorded resistance
Sitophilus oryzae
Physical state
Colourless liquid

Commercial

Property
Value
Availability status
Current
Introduction & key dates
1848, first synthesised; 1908, pesticidal activity reported
Example manufacturers & suppliers of products using this active now or historically
Dewco-Lloyd K&S Fumigation Saluterra Pty Ltd
Example products using this active
Chloropicrin Fumigant K&S Chlorofume Terr-O-gas Pic-Brom Telone MIPIC 330 Soil Fumigant
Formulation and application details
Fumigant. Vapour releasing products that are usually applied with specialised injection equipment or hand-operatated equipment for small areas
Commercial production
Chloropicrin is produced commercially through the nitration of chloroform in the presence of nitric acid. In this process, chloroform is reacted with concentrated nitric acid, often with the aid of a catalyst such as sulfuric acid, under controlled temperature and pressure conditions. The reaction introduces a nitro group into the chloroform molecule, resulting in the formation of chloropicrin. This synthesis is highly exothermic and requires careful handling due to the toxic and volatile nature of the reactants and the product.
Impact on climate of production and use
-

Property
Value
Source; quality score; and other information
Interpretation
Solubility - In water at 20 °C at pH 7 (mg l−1)
2021	A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes	High
Solubility - In organic solvents at 20 °C (mg l−1)
		500000	A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes Acetone	-
		500000	A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes Ethanol	-
		500000	A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes Xylene	-
500000	A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes Hexane	-
Melting point (°C)
Not applicable	Q3 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources 3 = Unverified data of known source freezes at -70 °C	-
Boiling point (°C)
114	A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes	-
Degradation point (°C)
-	-	-
Flashpoint (°C)
-	-	-
Octanol-water partition coefficient at pH 7, 20 °C
	P
3.16 X 1002	Calculated	-
Log P
2.5	A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes at 25 °C	Low
Fat solubility of residues
	Solubility
-	-	-
Data type
-	-	-
Density (g ml−1)
1.66	A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes	-
Dissociation constant pKa) at 25 °C
		Not applicable	A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes	-
No dissociation
Vapour pressure at 20 °C (mPa)
4.23 X 1006	A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes	Highly volatile. If applied directly to plants or soil, drift is a concern & mitigation is advisable
Henry's law constant at 25 °C (Pa m3 mol−1)
3.44 X 1002	A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes	Volatile
Volatilisation as max % of applied dose lost
	From plant surface
-	-	-
From soil surface
-	-	-
Maximum UV-vis absorption L mol−1 cm−1
Neutral solution: 203.7nm = 1648, 274nm = 32 Acidic solution: 204.4nm = 1512, 274.2nm = 28 Basic solution: 275nm = 33	A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes	-
Surface tension (mN m−1)
71.0	A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes at 20°C	-

Degradation

Property
Value
Source; quality score; and other information
Interpretation
General biodegradability
-
Soil degradation (days) (aerobic)
	DT50 (typical)
	4.2	A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes	Non-persistent
	DT50 (lab at 20 °C)
	4.2	A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes	Non-persistent
	DT50 (field)
	3.0	A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes	Non-persistent
DT90 (lab at 20 °C)
23.3	A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes	Non-persistent
DT90 (field)
-	-	-
DT50 modelling endpoint
-	-	-
Note
EU 2017 dossier Lab studies DT50 2.7-21.8 days, DT90 range 2.7-89.3 days, Soils=8; Field study DT50 0.48-5.6 days 2 soils. Other sources: DT50 1.0 day (DW3)
Dissipation rate RL50 (days) on plant matrix
	Value
-	-	-
Note
-
Dissipation rate RL50 (days) on and in plant matrix
	Value
-	-	-
Note
-
Aqueous photolysis DT50 (days) at pH 7
	Value
1.3	A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes	Moderately fast
Note
-
Aqueous hydrolysis DT50 (days) at 20 °C and pH 7
	Value
Stable	W4 W = French database provided by ARVALIS-Institut du Végétal. Dataset no longer available. 4 = Verified data	Stable
Note
Stable pH 5 to pH 9
Water-sediment DT50 (days)
-	-	-
Water phase only DT50 (days)
-	-	-
Sediment phase only DT50 (days)
-	-	-
Air degradation
As this parameter is not normally measured directly, a surrogate measure is used: ‘Photochemical oxidative DT50’. Where data is available, this can be found in the Fate Indices section below.
Decay in stored produce DT50
-

Soil adsorption and mobility

Property
Value
Source; quality score; and other information
Interpretation
Linear
	Kd (mL g−1)
	-	-	-
Koc (mL g−1)
-
Notes and range
-
Freundlich
	Kf (mL g−1)
	0.66	A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes	Mobile
	Kfoc (mL g−1)
60.5
1/n
0.91
Notes and range
EU dossier Kf range 0.414-1.15, Kfoc range 24.9-122 mL g−1, 1/n range 0.68-1.08, Soils=4
pH sensitivity
No

Fate indices Known soil metabolites

Property
Value
Source; quality score; and other information
Interpretation
GUS leaching potential index
1.06	Calculated	Low leachability
SCI-GROW groundwater index (μg l−1) for a 1 kg ha−1 or 1 l ha−1 application rate
	Value
2.38 X 10-03	Calculated	-
Note
-
Potential for particle bound transport index
Low	Calculated	-
Potential for loss via drain flow
Mobile	Calculated	-
Photochemical oxidative DT50 (hrs) as indicator of long-range air transport risk
1975.2	A4 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 4 = Verified data Calculated using the Atkinson method, 12 hr. EU trigger for long-range transport is DT50 in air <2 days.	Substance of concern for long-range air transport
Bio-concentration factor
	BCF (l kg−1)
Low risk	A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes Based on LogP < 3	Low risk
CT50 (days)
-	-

Metabolite
Major/Minor fraction
Estimated maximum occurrence fraction
Notes
chloromethane
Minor fraction	-	Anaerobic
nitromethane
Minor fraction	0.03	Anaerobic
chloroform
Minor fraction	-	-
dichloronitromethane
Major fraction	0.174	-

Known groundwater metabolites

Metabolite
EC SANCO/221/2000 relevancy
ADI (mg kg−1 bodyweight day−1)
WHO drinking water guidance value (μg L−1 day−1)
dichloronitromethane
Relevant	-	-

Other known metabolites

Metabolite name and reference
Aliases
Formation medium / Rate
Estimated maximum occurrence fraction
dichloro(methyl)hydroxylamine	-	Soil leachate	-

Terrestrial ecotoxicology

Property
Value
Source; quality score; and other information
Interpretation
Mammals - Acute oral LD50 (mg kg−1)
250	A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes Rat	Moderate
Mammals - Short term dietary NOEL
	(mg kg−1)
8	A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes Rat	High
(ppm diet)
-	-
Mammals - Chronic 21d NOAEL (mg kg−1 bw d−1)
> 2.71	A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes Rat Reproductive NOAEL	High
Birds - Acute LD50 (mg kg−1)
62.0	A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes Colinus virginianus	High
Birds - Short term dietary (LC50/LD50)
108 mg kg feed−1	A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes Colinus virginianus	-
Birds - Chronic 21d NOEL (mg kg−1 bw d−1)
10.6	A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes Colinus virginianus NOAEL	Moderate
Earthworms - Acute 14 day LC50 (mg kg−1 dw soil)
37.8	A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes Eisenia foetida	Moderate
Earthworms - Chronic NOEC, reproduction (mg kg−1 dw soil)
-	-	-
Soil micro-organisms
Nitrogen mineralisation: Chronic effect [Dose: field rate] Carbon mineralisation: No significant adverse effect [Dose: 5 x field rate] Bacterial populations: No significant adverse effect	A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes	-
Collembola
	Acute LC50 (mg kg−1)
-	-	-
Chronic NOEC (mg kg−1)
-	-	-
Non-target plants
	Vegetative vigour ER50 (g ha−1)
-	-	-
Seedling emergence ER50 (g ha−1)
-	-	-
Honeybees (Apis spp.)
	Contact acute LD50 (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee−1)
	> 100	F4 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) 4 = Verified data Apis mellifera	Low
	Oral acute LD50 (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee−1)
	-	-	-
Unknown mode acute LD50 (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee−1)
> 12.2	A4 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 4 = Verified data Apis mellifera Inhalation	Moderate
Chronic
-	-	-
Notes
-
Bumblebees (Bombus spp.)
	Contact acute LD50 (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee−1)
		-	-	-
	-
Oral acute LD50 (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee−1)
	-	-	-
-
Mason bees (Osmia spp.)
	Contact acute LD50 (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee−1)
-	-	-
Oral acute LD50 (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee−1)
-	-	-
Other bee species (1)
	Acute LD50 (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg insect−1)
-	-	-
Mode of exposure
-
Other bee species (2)
	Acute LD50 (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg insect−1)
-	-	-
Mode of exposure
-
Beneficial insects (Ladybirds)
-	-	-
Beneficial insects (Lacewings)
-	-	-
Beneficial insects (Parasitic wasps)
-	-	-
Beneficial insects (Predatory mites)
-	-	-
Beneficial insects (Ground beetles)
-	-	-

Aquatic ecotoxicology

Property
Value
Source; quality score; and other information
Interpretation
Temperate Freshwater Fish - Acute 96 hour LC50 (mg l−1)
0.0048	A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes Oncorhynchus mykiss	High
Temperate Freshwater Fish - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l−1)
-	-	-
Tropical Freshwater Fish - Acute 96 hour LC50 (mg l−1)
-	-	-
Temperate Freshwater Aquatic invertebrates - Acute 48 hour EC50 (mg l−1)
0.150	A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes Daphnia magna	Moderate
Temperate Freshwater Aquatic invertebrates - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l−1)
0.0025	A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes Daphnia magna	High
Tropical Freshwater Aquatic invertebrates - Acute 48 hour EC50 (mg l−1)
-	-	-
Aquatic crustaceans - Acute 96 hour LC50 (mg l−1)
0.030	F3 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) 3 = Unverified data of known source Americamysis bahia	High
Sediment dwelling organisms - Acute 96 hour LC50 (mg l−1)
-	-	-
Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, static, water (mg l−1)
-	-	-
Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, sediment (mg kg−1)
-	-	-
Aquatic Plants (free-floating, fonds growth, fresh) - 7 day (mg l−1) (ErC50, Semi-static)
0.024	A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes Lemna minor	Moderate
Aquatic plants (rooted, growth rate, fresh) - 14 day (mg l−1)
-	-	-
Algae - Acute (growth rate, fresh; mg l−1) (72 hr ErC50, Static)
0.16	A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes Raphidocelis subcapitata	Moderate
Algae - Chronic (growth rate, fresh; mg l−1) (72 hr NOEC, Static)
0.039	A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes Raphidocelis subcapitata	Moderate
Mesocosm study data
	NOEAEC mg l−1
-	-	-
NOEAEC mg l−1
-	-	-
Marine bivalves
-	-	-

General

Property
Value
Source; quality score; and other information
Interpretation
Threshold of Toxicological Concern (Cramer Class)
High (class III)	-	-
Mammals - Acute oral LD50 (mg kg−1)
250	A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes Rat	Moderate
Mammals - Dermal LD50 (mg kg−1 body weight)
-	-	-
Mammals - Inhalation LC50 (mg l−1)
0.044	A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes Rat 4 hr (nose only)	-
Other Mammal toxicity endpoints
-	-	-
ADI - Acceptable Daily Intake (mg kg−1 bw day−1)
0.001	A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes	-
ARfD - Acute Reference Dose (mg kg−1 bw day−1)
0.001	A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes	-
AAOEL - Acute Acceptable Operator Exposure Level (mg kg−1 bw day−1)
None allocated	A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes	-
AOEL - Acceptable Operator Exposure Level - Systemic (mg kg−1 bw day−1)
0.001	A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes	-
Dermal penetration studies (%)
100	A3 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 3 = Unverified data of known source default	-
Dangerous Substances Directive 76/464
-	-	-
Exposure Routes
	Public
Bystander exposure unlikely based on typical patterns of use Minimal risk of dietary exposure
Occupational
Risk of exposure acceptable under label recommendations for use for personal protection clothing and equipment Risk of exposure by inhalation
MRLs
	European
	EU MRL pesticide database
Great Britain
GB MRL Register
Notes
-
Drinking Water Standards
-	-	-
Drinking Water MAC (μg l−1)
0.1	A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes EU Dir 89/778/EC limit; Calc MAC=3 μg l−1	-
Mammalian dose elimination route and rate
Extensively metabolised, eliminated mainly via expired air with some loses via urine and faeces	A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes	-

Health issues

Specific human health issues (hazard-based)
Carcinogen Genotoxic Endocrine disruptor XNo, known not to cause a problem A0 A = Chromosome aberration (EFSA database) 0 = No data ; B0 B = DNA damage/repair (EFSA database) 0 = No data ; C0 C = Gene mutation (EFSA database) 0 = No data ; D0 D = Genome mutation (EFSA database) 0 = No data ; E2 E = Unspecified genotoxicity type (miscellaneous data source) 2 = Mixed/ambiguous results No data found Reproduction / development effects Acetyl cholinesterase inhibitor Neurotoxicant ?Possibly, status not identified XNo, known not to cause a problem No data found Respiratory tract irritant Skin irritant Skin sensitiser ✓Yes, known to cause a problem ✓Yes, known to cause a problem No data found Eye irritant Phototoxicant   ✓Yes, known to cause a problem No data found
General human health issues
Highly toxic

Handling issues

Property
Value and interpretation
General
Not explosive or oxidising IMDG Transport Hazard Class 6.1 Not expected to auto-ignite; Not highly flammable
CLP classification 2013
Health: H302, H330, H335, H315, H319
WHO Classification
Not classified: Fumigant (Not classified: Fumigant)
UN Number
UN1580
Waste disposal & packaging
Packaging Group I (great danger)
Shelf-life, storage, stability and reactivity
-

Language
Name
English
chloropicrin
French
chloropicrine
German
Chlorpikrin
Danish
chloropicrin
Italian
cloropicrina
Spanish
cloropicrina
Greek
-
Polish
chloropikryna
Swedish
-
Hungarian
-
Dutch
chloorpikrine
Norwegian
-

---