Tech explainers

Read in-depth guides to the most important technologies affecting organizations and individuals.

Explaining an AI bubble burst and what it could mean

As stock market turbulence sparks speculation of an AI bubble burst, the tech industry faces a critical shift, with inflated expectations turning to a review of AI's potential.
Binance money laundering scandal explained: What to know

CEO Changpeng Zhao wanted Binance to be the world's largest cryptocurrency exchange; however, the U.S. filed criminal charges due to lax compliance and money laundering schemes.
What is a large language model (LLM)?

A large language model (LLM) is a type of artificial intelligence algorithm that uses deep learning techniques and massively large data sets to understand, summarize, generate and predict new content.
How U.S. tariffs are reshaping the tech landscape

The Trump Administration's tariffs levy a minimum 10% tax on global imports, heavily affecting tech industry supply chains.
Short-form video alternatives to TikTok

TikTok wasn't the first of its kind, and it won't be the last. Check out these alternatives if you're looking for a new platform with similar features.
What is AI orchestration? How it works and why it matters

AI orchestration manages how models, data, and tools work together, using integration, automation and oversight to support complex systems.
Amazon's Project Kuiper vs. Starlink: How do they compare?

Amazon is expanding its horizons as Project Kuiper launched low earth satellites in April 2025. The goal is to bring connectivity to all areas, which is also Starlink's mission.
Four tech companies increasing manufacturing in the U.S.

Tech companies are pledging to increase U.S. manufacturing by building new or expanding existing facilities as well as investing in research and development.
What is endpoint data loss prevention? A best practices guide

Today's mobile workforce puts company data at risk. Endpoint data loss prevention secures sensitive info at the source, reducing breaches, costs, and compliance risks.
Intel's rise and fall: A timeline of what went wrong

Intel's dramatic decline highlights its struggle to compete in a rapidly evolving tech landscape, as its market value lags giants such as Nvidia and AMD.
An explanation of quantum key distribution

Quantum key distribution uses physics to create secure encryption keys that detect eavesdropping instantly, offering a quantum-safe solution for future cybersecurity challenges.
What's going on with Nvidia stock and the booming AI market?

Nvidia's market value surpassed 4ドル trillion in 2025, fueled by surging AI demand, GPU dominance and rapid data center growth.
An explanation of post-quantum cryptography

Quantum computers threaten to break today's encryption protocols. Post-quantum cryptography aims to develop new algorithms resistant to quantum attacks before it's too late.
GPT-5 explained: Everything you need to know

Released on Aug. 7, 2025, OpenAI's GPT-5 builds upon predecessor models by integrating advanced reasoning capabilities, enhanced safety and multimodal processing.
Gemini 2.5 Deep Think explained: Everything you need to know

Google Gemini 2.5 Deep Think uses parallel reasoning to solve complex problems, processing 1 million input tokens with 192K output capacity.
Unlock the power of local AI with Google AI Edge Gallery

Google AI Edge Gallery lets users run GenAI models locally on Android devices. It supports Gemma models and integrates with Hugging Face.
What is Bitchat? A guide to Jack Dorsey’s new messaging app

Created by Twitter founder Jack Dorsey, Bitchat Mesh is a Bluetooth-based messaging app that works without internet, allowing nearby users to communicate when other networks fail.
Mastering AI search optimization: Key trends and strategies

As AI transforms search, brands must master both GEO and SEO to maintain visibility across evolving digital landscapes.
An explanation of quantum cryptography

Quantum cryptography uses photons to transmit keys securely through quantum properties, creating an unhackable system that outperforms traditional math-based encryption methods.
Mobile device encryption: How it works and how to enable it

Mobile device encryption transforms business data into unreadable code, protecting sensitive information from unauthorized access —a critical security practice for modern enterprises.
Stargate AI explained: What's in the 500ドル billion project

Co-led by OpenAI and Softbank, Stargate AI aims to invest 500ドル billion in new AI data centers and infrastructure to help U.S.-based AI innovation, but it has raised concerns.
Generative AI vs. regenerative AI: Key differences explored

Generative AI creates content from training data, while regenerative AI focuses on self-repair and autonomous optimization.
An explanation of encryption

Encryption converts data into code that is only decipherable with the right key. This can be used to protect sensitive information in messages, payments and records.
An explanation of purple teaming

Purple teaming unites offensive red teams and defensive blue teams to share knowledge, find vulnerabilities and strengthen security through structured frameworks and playbooks.
An explanation of telecommunications

Telecommunications is the electronic exchange of information across distances -- encompassing voice, data and video transmission -- to form global communication networks.
GENIUS Act explained: How it will affect the crypto industry

The GENIUS Act creates a regulatory framework for stablecoins in the U.S., requiring issuers to meet strict standards while balancing innovation with oversight.
An explanation of risk management for businesses

Risk management transforms uncertainty into opportunity by identifying threats, evaluating impacts and implementing strategic controls to protect and enhance business value.
An explanation of quantum in computing

Quantum particles have unique behaviors that enable engineers to perform more complex calculations, which could have a significant effect across industries and operations.
ChatGPT agent explained: Everything you need to know

OpenAI's ChatGPT agent combines browsing, code execution and API access to autonomously complete complex tasks.
An explanation of firewall types and uses

Firewalls protect networks by stopping malware at the perimeter. The various types can be deployed with other security measures but can also be used unethically to prohibit access.
An explanation of mesh Wi-Fi

Mesh Wi-Fi networks connect multiple nodes to transmit data without a central router, offering broader coverage and self-healing capabilities, despite higher costs.
An explanation of data breaches

Data breaches can be intentional or accidental and come in various forms, but all types have the potential to cause considerable harm to individuals and organizations.
What is IoT (internet of things)?

The internet of things, or IoT, is a network of interrelated devices that connect and exchange data with other IoT devices and the cloud.
An explanation of local area networks

Local area networks are interconnected systems that share resources within a limited geographic area. They can be wired, wireless or virtual, depending on workplace needs.
A brief explanation of latency

Latency measures data transmission delays between points. Causes include physical distance and hardware issues, while solutions might involve hardware upgrades or edge computing.
Cryptocurrency ETFs explained

Cryptocurrency evolved from a fiat alternative to speculative investment after the SEC's approval of spot Bitcoin ETFs. Discover ETF types, pros, cons and investor alternatives.
An explanation of identity and access management

Identity and access management systems safeguard businesses by controlling digital identities, managing access rights and implementing security protocols.
Google antitrust case explained: What's next?

A U.S. judge ruled Google violated antitrust laws with an illegal monopoly over online searches -- a landmark decision with major implications for Big Tech and consumer choices.
IoT and digital twins: How they work together, with examples

IoT devices collect real-world data, while digital twins create virtual models using that data—together, they provide detailed insights to improve operations and predict issues.
AI lawsuits explained: Who's getting sued?

Authors, artists and others are filing lawsuits against generative AI companies for using their data in bulk to train AI systems without permission.
Help desk vs. service desk: What's the difference?

Help desks deliver tactical, immediate technical support for specific issues, while service desks offer strategic, comprehensive management of business services.
How IoT data collection works

IoT data collection enables organizations to constantly gather and analyze physical measurements, location data and operational metrics with internet-connected sensors and devices.
What is the blue screen of death (BSOD)?

The blue screen of death (BSOD) -- also known as a stop error screen, blue screen error, fatal error or bugcheck -- is a critical error screen that can be displayed by Microsoft Windows operating systems (OSes).
AI cannibalism explained: A model failure

AI cannibalism – training on AI-generated content – creates a feedback loop that worsens bias, degrades quality and risks model collapse, making systems unreliable or unusable.
CISO burnout: How to balance leadership, pressure and sanity

With CISO burnout comes increasing cyber incidents and costly leadership turnover. Organizations must invest in support to prevent this growing security risk.
22 free cybersecurity tools you should know about

Cybersecurity products can get pricy, but there are many excellent open source tools to help secure your systems and data. Here's a list of some of the most popular.
What executives must know about nation-state threat actors

Nation-state threat actors like Russia, China, Iran and North Korea are targeting critical infrastructure and sensitive data, so executives must prepare to defend against them.
TikTok bans explained: Everything you need to know

The United States government takes aim at the viral video sharing application TikTok.
Shadow AI: How CISOs can regain control in 2025 and beyond

Shadow AI threatens enterprises as employees increasingly use unauthorized AI tools. Discover the risks, governance strategies, and outlook for managing AI in today's workplace.
How AI threat detection is transforming enterprise cybersecurity

AI-powered threat detection transforms cybersecurity by using machine learning to analyze network traffic, user behaviors and data access patterns.
What is cyber risk quantification (CRQ)? How to get it right

Cyber risk quantification translates security threats into financial terms, so executives can prioritize risks, justify investments and allocate resources to protect the business.
OpenAI o3 and o4 explained: Everything you need to know

OpenAI o3 and o4-mini are successors to the o1 model and are releases from the OpenAI reasoning model branch. These models became widely available on April 16, 2025.
Cybersecurity risk management: Best practices and frameworks

This proactive approach protects business operations, ensures compliance and preserves reputation through comprehensive security practices.
Should cybersecurity be part of your digital transformation strategy?

Digital transformation offers companies some tantalizing possibilities. But new technologies usher in new vulnerabilities. Cybersecurity needs to play a key role.
Why identity is the new perimeter – and how to defend it

Identity has replaced network boundaries as today's security perimeter. Organizations must focus on protecting digital identities to safeguard their assets.
Risk maturity model: How it works and how to use one

Explore risk maturity models and assessment tools for enhancing enterprise risk management. Improve ERM programs to mitigate risk and gain a competitive edge.
An explanation of ransomware

Ransomware locks an organization out of its data or digital services until it pays up. To minimize attacks, businesses can enhance security, train employees and back up data.
Companies that have partnered with Nvidia for innovative AI projects

In the modern era, no individual tech vendor is an island; most prosper best through partnerships. That's certainly the case for GPU and AI innovator Nvidia.
An explanation of RFID

Radio frequency identification uses radio waves to digitally tag items, so businesses can wirelessly identify and track goods. Near field communication is a subset of RFID.
What is risk transfer? Methods, examples and strategic tips

Risk transfer shifts potential financial liability from one party to another through insurance contracts, legal agreements or financial tools to protect organizations from losses.
What is automation bias?

Automation bias is an overreliance by human operators on automated systems, such as computer hardware, software and algorithms, to make decisions, even when the machine-generated output is incorrect or contradicts human judgment.
IoT basics: A guide for beginners

Explore the benefits and challenges of IoT, as well as its consumer, business and industrial applications. Learn how it works, related concepts, history and more in this primer.
What is data risk management? Key risks and best practices

Data risk management identifies, assesses and mitigates threats to organizational data, safeguarding sensitive information from unauthorized access.
What is AI in networking?

AI in networking involves the application of artificial intelligence technologies, including machine learning, deep learning and advanced data analytics, to automate, optimize and secure network operations.
The history of semiconductors and the chip-making industry

Semiconductors are the building blocks of modern technology and are essential for innovation in the modern age.
Semiconductor chip materials: What and where to source them

Semiconductor chips are predominantly made from silicon, germanium and gallium arsenide. Production is limited and mostly based in China, which could create future supply issues.
What is infrastructure automation?

Infrastructure automation uses software tools to automate processes related to IT infrastructure provisioning, management and monitoring.
An explanation of cyberattacks and their different forms

Cyberattacks are malicious attempts to breach computer systems. Types include phishing, ransomware and SQL injection. Prevention requires training, monitoring and encryption.
10 core steps in the semiconductor manufacturing process

Semiconductors bridge conductors and insulators, enabling precise control of electrical flow. This complex process creates the foundation of modern electronics.
Finfluencers: A guide to personal financial content creators

Finfluencers create personal finance content on social media, often appealing to Gen Z and retail investors, but the lack of regulation means there are risks involved.
An explanation of customer relationship management (CRM)

CRM systems combine data, strategies and technology to manage customer interactions. Features include automation, lead tracking, and analytics to improve service and drive sales.
Meta Llama 4 explained: Everything you need to know

Meta released Llama 4 -- a multimodal LLM that analyzes and understands text, images, and video data. There are three primary versions of Llama 4 -- Scout, Maverick and Behemoth.
An explanation of pen testing

Pen testing uses six steps to test systems for vulnerabilities so organizations can remediate any problems and strengthen their cybersecurity against potential attacks.
What is quantum error mitigation?

Quantum error mitigation is a process used to reduce the impact of errors in quantum computing.
Google Gemini 2.5 Pro explained: Everything you need to know

Google's latest multimodal model – Gemini 2.5 Pro – entered the AI race with enhanced reasoning and improved performance across coding, math and science benchmarks.
An explanation of neural networks

Neural networks are a type of machine learning model that mimic the human brain. With three different layers of processors, these networks are used in various industries.
An explanation of SAP ERP, ECC and S/4HANA

SAP's enterprise resource management products under SAP ERP include ECC and S/4HANA. They are designed for enterprises across all business aspects, but are costly to implement.
An explanation of data science and data scientist jobs

Data science uses advanced analytics techniques to gain insights, especially for business use cases.
GPT-4.1 explained: Everything you need to know

OpenAI released a new family of general-purpose models on April 14, 2025. The GPT-4.1 series includes three models with a developer focus – GPT-4.1, GPT-4.1 mini and GPT-4.1 nano.
How do cybercriminals steal credit card information?

Cybercriminals have various methods at their disposal to hack and exploit credit card information. Learn what they are, how to prevent them and what to do when hacked.
What is quantum error correction?

Quantum error correction detects and fixes fragile qubit errors caused by interference and decoherence, enabling fault-tolerant, reliable and scalable quantum computing systems.
The top 5 most secure encrypted messaging apps

Secure messaging uses end-to-end encryption, decentralized servers and open source code. The most secure messaging apps, such as Signal and Sessions, combine these features.
The rise of digital detox apps

Digital detox apps are gaining popularity as they help users reduce screen time, fight digital addiction and improve mental well-being.
An explanation of cybercrime

Cybercrime refers to criminal activity that uses a computer, networked device or network. Its many forms, from extortion to identity theft, can cause real damage to organizations.
RTO mandates: Why they're happening and the possible outcomes

After years of remote work, some companies are making employees return to the office. Experts predict good and bad results with mentorship opportunities or employee turnover.
Grok 3 model explained: Everything you need to know

XAI introduced and expanded its large language model to the newest version -- Grok 3, which offers features such as advanced reasoning, knowledge retrieval and text summarization.
Cybercrime-as-a-service explained: What you need to know

Cybercrime-as-a-service is quickly evolving, offering easy access to hacking tools for criminals. Learn how it works and steps to protect your organization from attacks.
The 6 different types of quantum computing technology

Technology providers offer several paths to the promised land of quantum advantage, but customers must navigate the engineering tradeoffs among the varied types of qubits.
An explanation of personally identifiable information

Everyone has personally identifiable information -- some of it sensitive and some of it not. Keeping PII safe is important, since bad actors can use it for malicious ends.
An explanation of software-as-a-service (SaaS)

Software-as-a-service is a way for organizations to rent cloud computing services rather than buy and own applications. It has both advantages and disadvantages.
APM best practices: 9 strategies to adopt

Teams responsible for APM must develop a clear strategy to identify performance risks, reduce APM costs and secure sensitive data collected as part of their initiatives.
What is Gemma? Google's open sourced AI model explained

Gemma is a collection of lightweight open source generative AI models designed mainly for developers and researchers.
Application performance monitoring vs. management

Explore the nuances between application performance monitoring and application performance management, especially in enhancing application efficiency and the user experience.
8 IT process automation platforms to explore in 2025

Selecting an IT process automation platform requires organizations to evaluate processes, skill level and integration issues. These popular products are good options.
5 ways to tell if an app is safe before downloading

Before downloading an app, users should verify the publisher, look at reviews and consult the privacy policy to determine whether it is safe to install.
7 U.S. tech policies to watch in 2025

The Trump administration is already enacting new tech policies, seeking to establish the U.S. as a global leader in AI development and innovation while reducing red tape on Big Tech.
Treasury Department hacked: Explaining how it happened

Another major cyberattack hit the U.S. Treasury, allegedly by Chinese state-sponsored hackers. Exploiting BeyondTrust software, they accessed sensitive unclassified documents.
GPT-4.5 explained: Everything you need to know

GPT-4.5, OpenAI's latest model, enhances natural conversation and emotional intelligence. It supports content generation, multilingual proficiency and more.
AI fatigue explained: What it is and how to combat it

With the rapid development of AI and the onset of generative AI, AI fatigue is becoming more common across businesses and negatively affecting the employee experience.
Six major tech lawsuits to keep tabs on in 2025

Tech giants will head to court to address antitrust cases, data privacy, content moderation and copyright. These cases may set key legal precedents for the future of tech.