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Plot3D [f,{x,xmin,xmax},{y,ymin,ymax}]

generates a three-dimensional plot of f as a function of x and y.

Plot3D [{f1,f2,},{x,xmin,xmax},{y,ymin,ymax}]

plots several functions.

Plot3D [{,w[fi],},]

plots fi with features defined by the symbolic wrapper w.

Plot3D [,{x,y}reg]

takes variables {x,y} to be in the geometric region reg.

Details and Options
Details and Options Details and Options
Examples  
Basic Examples  
Scope  
Sampling  
Labeling and Legending  
Presentation  
Options  
Background  
BoundaryStyle  
BoxRatios  
Show More Show More
ClippingStyle  
ColorFunction  
ColorFunctionScaling  
EvaluationMonitor  
Exclusions  
ExclusionsStyle  
Filling  
FillingStyle  
LabelingSize  
MaxRecursion  
Mesh  
MeshFunctions  
MeshShading  
MeshStyle  
NormalsFunction  
PerformanceGoal  
PlotLabels  
PlotLegends  
PlotPoints  
PlotRange  
PlotStyle  
PlotTheme  
RegionFunction  
ScalingFunctions  
TextureCoordinateFunction  
TextureCoordinateScaling  
WorkingPrecision  
Applications  
Basic Applications  
Functions Features  
Gradient Fields  
Epigraph and Hypograph  
Complex Functions  
Other Applications  
Properties & Relations  
Neat Examples  
See Also
Tech Notes
Related Guides
Related Links
History
Cite this Page

Plot3D [f,{x,xmin,xmax},{y,ymin,ymax}]

generates a three-dimensional plot of f as a function of x and y.

Plot3D [{f1,f2,},{x,xmin,xmax},{y,ymin,ymax}]

plots several functions.

Plot3D [{,w[fi],},]

plots fi with features defined by the symbolic wrapper w.

Plot3D [,{x,y}reg]

takes variables {x,y} to be in the geometric region reg.

Details and Options

Examples

open all close all

Basic Examples  (4)

Plot a function:

Plot several functions:

Restrict the domain:

Plot functions with branch cuts:

Scope  (26)

Sampling  (11)

More points are sampled where the function changes quickly:

The plot range is selected automatically:

Areas where the function becomes nonreal are excluded:

The surface is split when there are discontinuities in the function:

Use PlotPoints and MaxRecursion to control adaptive sampling:

Use PlotRange to focus in on areas of interest:

Use Exclusions to remove curves or split the resulting surface:

Use RegionFunction to restrict the surface to a region given by inequalities:

The domain may be specified by a region:

The domain may be specified by a MeshRegion :

Plot over an infinite domain:

Labeling and Legending  (6)

Label surfaces with Labeled :

Label surfaces with PlotLabels :

Place the label near the surface at an {x,y} value:

Use Callout :

Place a label with a specific location:

Include legends for each surface:

Use Legended to provide a legend for a specific curve:

Use Placed to change the legend location:

Presentation  (9)

Provide an explicit PlotStyle for the surface:

Provide separate styles for different surfaces:

Add labels:

Color the surface by height:

Add a legend:

Use a theme with bright colors and height-based mesh lines:

Style the areas between mesh lines:

Provide an interactive Tooltip for a surface:

Fill below a surface:

Options  (103)

Background  (1)

Use colored backgrounds:

BoundaryStyle  (6)

Use a black boundary around the edges of the surface:

Use a thick boundary around the edges of the surface:

Use a thick, red boundary around the edges of the surface:

Do not use any boundary:

BoundaryStyle applies to holes cut by RegionFunction :

BoundaryStyle does not apply to holes cut by Exclusions :

BoxRatios  (2)

Automatic uses the natural scale from PlotRange :

Use BoxRatios to emphasize some particular feature, in this case a saddle surface:

ClippingStyle  (4)

Clipped regions use different surface colors by default:

Do not draw clipped regions:

Make clipped regions partially transparent:

Color clipped regions red at the bottom and blue at the top:

ColorFunction  (6)

Color according to the and coordinates:

Color by scaled coordinate:

Use ColorData for predefined color gradients:

Named color gradients color in the direction:

ColorFunction has higher priority than PlotStyle :

ColorFunction has lower priority than MeshShading :

ColorFunctionScaling  (2)

Use unscaled coordinates:

Use scaled coordinates in the direction and unscaled coordinates in the and directions:

EvaluationMonitor  (2)

Show where Plot3D samples a function:

Count how many times is evaluated:

Exclusions  (5)

This uses automatic methods to compute exclusions, in this case from branch cuts:

Indicate that no exclusions should be computed:

Give a set of exclusions as list of equations:

Use a condition with the exclusion equation:

Use both automatically computed and explicit exclusions:

ExclusionsStyle  (3)

Style the boundary with a thick, blue line:

Style the boundary with a thick, blue line and the surface in between transparent:

Use a transparent surface in the exclusion cuts:

Filling  (4)

Fill to the bottom:

Filling occurs along the region cut by the RegionFunction :

Fill to both top and bottom:

Fill surface 1 to the bottom with blue and surface 2 to the top with red:

FillingStyle  (3)

Fill to the bottom with a variety of styles:

Fill to the plane with red below and blue above:

Fill to the plane from below only:

LabelingSize  (2)

Textual labels are shown at their actual sizes:

Specify a maximum size for textual labels:

Image labels are automatically resized:

Specify a maximum size for image labels:

Show image labels at their natural sizes:

MaxRecursion  (1)

Refine the surface where it changes quickly:

Mesh  (6)

Use no mesh:

Show the initial and final sampling meshes:

Use 5 mesh lines in each direction:

Use 3 mesh lines in the direction and 6 mesh lines in the direction:

Use mesh lines at specific values:

Use different styles for different mesh lines:

MeshFunctions  (3)

Use the value as the mesh function:

Use mesh lines in the and directions:

Use mesh lines corresponding to fixed distances from the origin:

MeshShading  (4)

Use None to remove regions:

Lay a checkerboard pattern over a surface:

MeshShading has a higher priority than PlotStyle :

MeshShading has a higher priority than ColorFunction :

MeshStyle  (2)

Use red mesh lines:

Use red mesh lines in the direction and thick mesh lines in the direction:

NormalsFunction  (3)

Normals are automatically calculated:

Use None to get flat shading for all the polygons:

Vary the effective normals used on the surface:

PerformanceGoal  (2)

Generate a higher-quality plot:

Emphasize performance, possibly at the cost of quality:

PlotLabels  (3)

Specify text to label surfaces:

Specify a label:

Use callouts to identify the curves:

PlotLegends  (5)

Use placeholders to identify plot styles:

Use specific labels:

Use the respective expressions:

Use Placed to control legend position:

Use SwatchLegend to change the appearance:

Create a legend based on a color function:

Use BarLegend to change the appearance:

PlotPoints  (2)

Use more initial points to get a smoother surface:

Use 20 initial points in the direction and 5 in the direction:

PlotRange  (5)

Automatically compute the range:

Use all points to compute the range:

Show the surface over the full , range:

Automatically compute the , range:

Use an explicit range to emphasize features:

PlotStyle  (5)

Color a surface with diffuse orange:

Use Specularity to get highlights:

Use Opacity to get transparent surfaces:

Use separate styles for each of the surfaces:

Produce a wire mesh:

PlotTheme  (2)

Use a theme with grid lines and a legend:

Turn off the grid lines:

Create a thick surface for 3D printing:

RegionFunction  (4)

Plot over an annulus region in and :

Filling will fill from the region boundary:

Regions do not have to be connected:

Use any logical combination of conditions:

ScalingFunctions  (9)

By default, plots have linear scales in each direction:

Use a log scale in the direction:

Use a linear scale in the direction that shows smaller numbers at the top:

Use a reciprocal scale in the direction:

Use different scales in the and directions:

Reverse the axis without changing the axis:

Use a scale defined by a function and its inverse:

Positions in Ticks are automatically scaled:

PlotRange is automatically scaled:

TextureCoordinateFunction  (4)

Textures use scaled and coordinates by default:

Use the and parameters:

Use unscaled coordinates:

Use textures to highlight how parameters map onto a surface:

TextureCoordinateScaling  (1)

Use scaled or unscaled coordinates for textures:

WorkingPrecision  (2)

Evaluate functions using machine-precision arithmetic:

Evaluate functions using arbitrary-precision arithmetic:

Applications  (17)

Basic Applications  (7)

Make the surface partially transparent to see its inner structure:

Use MeshShading to create holes in the surface to see its inner structure:

Use MeshFunctions to also specify the slices to use:

Plot and together and guess that :

This is indeed true:

Show that TemplateBox[{p, infty}, Norm2]<=TemplateBox[{p, 2}, Norm2]<=TemplateBox[{p, 1}, Norm2] by plotting their surfaces:

Prove it:

Understand how a family of functions relate to each other:

The , , , and norms, with the unit norm mesh line:

Plot a saddle surface; the mesh curves show where the function is zero:

Functions Features  (2)

Use a RegionFunction to create a cutout to understand limit behavior:

There are different limits when approaching along different lines:

Highlight the local extrema for a function using MeshFunctions :

The red curves where indicate local extrema for each fixed :

Similarly the blue curves where indicate local extrema for each fixed :

The intersections of the red and blue curves are the points where and :

Gradient Fields  (2)

Plot the stream lines of the gradient field on top of the surface:

Plot the gradient vector field on top of the function surface:

Epigraph and Hypograph  (2)

The epigraph of a function is given by . You can visualize the epigraph using Filling :

The hypograph of a function is given by . You can visualize the hypograph using Filling :

Complex Functions  (2)

Show the real and imaginary parts of :

Show the different complex components for a function:

Other Applications  (2)

This shows the solution to the heat equation in one dimension:

Plot an iterated logistic map as a function of parameter and initial value:

Properties & Relations  (8)

Plot3D samples more points where it needs to:

Plot3D is a special case of ParametricPlot3D :

Use ListPlot3D for plotting data:

ComplexPlot3D plots the magnitude of a function as height and colors using the phase:

Use Plot for univariate functions:

Use ParametricPlot for plane parametric curves and regions:

Use ContourPlot3D and RegionPlot3D for implicit surfaces and regions:

Use DensityPlot and ContourPlot for densities and contours:

Neat Examples  (2)

The branch cuts of inverse trigonometric functions:

Real and imaginary parts as mesh functions:

History

Introduced in 1988 (1.0) | Updated in 2007 (6.0) 2010 (8.0) 2012 (9.0) 2014 (10.0) 2016 (11.0) 2017 (11.1) 2019 (12.0) 2021 (13.0)

Wolfram Research (1988), Plot3D, Wolfram Language function, https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/Plot3D.html (updated 2021).

Text

Wolfram Research (1988), Plot3D, Wolfram Language function, https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/Plot3D.html (updated 2021).

CMS

Wolfram Language. 1988. "Plot3D." Wolfram Language & System Documentation Center. Wolfram Research. Last Modified 2021. https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/Plot3D.html.

APA

Wolfram Language. (1988). Plot3D. Wolfram Language & System Documentation Center. Retrieved from https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/Plot3D.html

BibTeX

@misc{reference.wolfram_2025_plot3d, author="Wolfram Research", title="{Plot3D}", year="2021", howpublished="\url{https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/Plot3D.html}", note=[Accessed: 24-October-2025]}

BibLaTeX

@online{reference.wolfram_2025_plot3d, organization={Wolfram Research}, title={Plot3D}, year={2021}, url={https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/Plot3D.html}, note=[Accessed: 24-October-2025]}

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