C++ is an extension to C programming Language. It is developed by Bjarne Stroustrup in 1980 at AT & T Bell Laboratories. C++ is created as a bridge between Object Oriented Programming Language and C. C++ is an object oriented programming language. C++ fully support Object Oriented Programming language with 4 main concept encapsulation, data hiding, inheritance, and polymorphism. C++ is also called a high level language. C++ programs are reusable and extensible; existing code is easily modifiable without actually having to change the code. C++ also called superset of C. C programs can be run on C++ Compiler. C language uses structure programming language while C++ uses the concept of object oriented programming language. C++ mainly focuses on Classes and Objects.

History Of C++

C++ was designed for the UNIX system environment. With C++ programmers could improve the quality of code. Before C++, C was a programming language developed at Bell Labs. There are several versions of the C++ language, of which Visual C++ is only one. Other include Borland C++, Turbo C++ etc.
C++ supports multiple programming styles. C++ provides more than 30 operators, almost all the operators can be overloaded. C++ gives object oriented features to C. C++ has many new keywords, such as new and class, that may be used in a C program as identifier.

Advantages And Disadvantages Of C++

ADVANTAGES: C++ have advance features than C.

C++ have the oops concepts that are not in C.
C++ have the concept of classes and objects.
C++ have scope resolution operator (::) that is used to access an item hidden in the current scope.
C++ uses reference variables.
C++ have the concept of namespaces that reduces collision problem.
C++ have the concept of operator overloading.
C++ is high level language. We can add new functions or behaviour easily. Each entity can easily be modified, easily reuse and upgrade.

DISADVANTAGES:

it's not pure object oriented programming language, because it doesn't support for garbage collection .
C++ does not provide very strong type-checking.
C++ is poor in Multitasking.
Scope is also limited of C++.

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Scope Of C++

Kinds of scope in C++:

local
function
namespace
class

local scope:
A name can have local scope if it is declared in a block. A name with local scope can be used in that block. But the name must be declared before it is used.

class scope:
The name of a class member has class scope and can only be used in the following cases