John F. Sowa wrote:
>
> In Europe, the non-Indo-European languages include two members
> of the Finno-Ugric group (Finnish and Hungarian)  (01) 
To be precise: Estonian is the third national Finno-Ugric language in 
Europe. Though pretty close to Finnish, they do not understand one 
another, it is a different language (except that, during the Soviet era, 
lost of Estonian watched Finnish TV that came from just across the bay, 
so they learnt quite a lot of it).  (02)
Ivan  (03)
P.S. As far as I know, there are still some smaller areas in the Ural 
mountain where other Finno-Ugric dialects are spoken.  (04)
> and Basque,
> which has no known relationship to any other language. Turkish
> is a member of the Uralic group, which includes many languages
> in central Asia.
>
> For some links to other resources, see
>
> http://web.uvic.ca/geru/471/protoindoeuropean.htm
> Proto-Indo-European links
>
> One of them is a discussion by the linguist Geoffrey Sampson,
> who included a translation of a Sanskrit story to a hypothetical
> version of PIE. (Copy below)
>
> John Sowa
> _________________________________________________________________
>
> Source: http://www.grsampson.net/Q_PIE.html
>
> English translation of the Sanskrit:
>
> Once there was a king. He was childless. The king wanted a son.
>
> He asked his priest: “May a son be born to me!”
>
> The priest said to the king: “Pray to the god Varuna”.
>
> The king approached the god Varuna to pray now to the god.
>
> “Hear me, father Varuna!”
>
> The god Varuna came down from heaven.
>
> “What do you want?” “I want a son.”
>
> “Let this be so”, said the bright god Varuna.
>
> The king’s lady bore a son.
>
> Hypothetical PIE translation:
>
> To réecs éhest. So nputlos éhest. So réecs súhnum éwelt.
>
> Só tóso cceutérm prcscet: “Súhnus moi jnhyotaam!”
>
> So cceutéer tom réejm éweuqet: “Ihgeswo deiwóm Wérunom”.
>
> So réecs deiwóm Werunom húpo-sesore nu deiwóm ihgeto.
>
> “Cluttí moi, phter Werune!”
>
> Deiwós Wérunos kmta diwós égweht.
>
> “Qíd welsi?” “Wélmi súhnum.”
>
> “Tód héstu”, wéuqet loukós deiwos Werunos.
>
> Reejós pótnih súhnum gegonhe.
>
> Note the word 'réecs', which is related to the Latin 'rex' and
> the Indian 'rajah'. The verb 'éhest' has a past tense marker
> in front and the ending -t for third-person singular. Other
> similarities are left as an exercise for the reader.
>
> John Sowa
>
>
>
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>  (05) 
--  (06)
Ivan Herman, W3C Semantic Web Activity Lead
Home: http://www.w3.org/People/Ivan/
PGP Key: http://www.ivan-herman.net/pgpkey.html
FOAF: http://www.ivan-herman.net/foaf.rdf  (07)

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