"A Winnebago Encampment" (ca. 1847)
George Catlin
E. J. Barlow
R. A. Lewis
Hocąk Chiefs, New York City, 1865
Front Row: Hųgexų́nųga (Young Prophet or Little Priest the elder), Wakąjagiwįxka (Whirling Thunder[bird]),
White Breast (
below), Little Decorah, Šoǧogenįka (Little Hill,
below).
Back Row: Major F. J. Dewitt, Trader; Robert Wilkinson Furnas, Winnebago Agent (Future Governor of Nebraska);
Alex Payer (
1,
2), Translator; Michel St. Cyr, Translator (
below).
R. A. Lewis
Hųgexų́nųga (Little Priest the Elder),
New York,
1865
Little Priest the Younger and Henry Decorah, of Co. A of the Omaha Scouts,
Nebraska, ca. 1865
The name Hųgexų́nųga
is from Hųk-xų́nų-ga
, where hųk
can be translated as "chief, priest, prophet"; and xų́nų
as "young, little." These may be recombined to give many different permutations of his name, the two most common being "Little Priest" and "Young Prophet." He was a member of the Bear Clan, and was believed to have been blessed with Grizzly Bear Powers. In the 1840s he succeeded his father (of the same name) to become the last War Chief of the Hocąk nation. He was accused of participating in the Sioux Uprising of 1862, but by 1864 he was with Stufft's Independent Company, Indian Scouts, US Volunteers fighting the Sioux in Sully's Expedition. In 1866, with the Winnebago contingent of the Omaha Scouts, he single-handedly engaged 32 Lakota, taking five scalps, but receiving a wound in the leg that later proved fatal. In Nebraska the tribal college and the annual powwow are named in his honor. Two stories (1, 2) in this collection are about his exploits.
R. A. Lewis
R. A. Lewis
Whirling Thunder (Wakąjagiwįxka)
New York,
1865
White Breast (Stone Man)
New York,
1865
James F. Bodtker
James F. Bodtker
M. J. Powers
Dandy (Little Soldier)
Madison,
1866
Rolling Thunder (a.k.a. Spoon ?),
Madison, 1866
Little Squirrel
New York,
1865
R. A. Lewis
Joel Emmons Whitney (1822-1886)
Šoǧogenįka (Little Hill), 1860
Šoǧogenįka, before 1881
Peją́ga (Crane)
A Group with Winneshiek the Elder (Center)
Ft. Snelling, 1865
A Hocąk Encampment, ca. 1865
James F. Bodtker
The Hocąk Delegation to Governor Fairchild, 1866
Left to Right: Front Row (Kneeling): Nįskaga (White Water); Rolling Thunder, a.k.a. Cugiga (Spoon – see
above); His Father, Cugiga (Spoon Decorah – see
below); Second Row (Seated): Wasuhimąnįga (Walking Hail); His Brother,
Wakąjaziga (Yellow Thunder[bird] – see
1,
2,
3); Back Row (Standing): Mąną́pĕnįka (Little Soldier – see
above), a.k.a. "Dandy," the Son of Four Legs,
above).
Boy with a Bow and a Bird Arrow
1866
Alice C. Fletcher, Meepe, and Martha (1887-1889)
Mary Ann (1887)
Alice C. Fletcher served as Special Agent to the Winnebago, 1887-1889. Meepe and Martha used to pitch and keep the tent for the allotting agents in the field. They are standing before the house of the agent to the Winnebagos. The photo to the right is of Mary Ann, a friend of Alice Fletcher.
An Unidentified Young Man
1865
An Unidentified Teenager
Between 1865 and 1880
Wakąjaziga (Yellow Thunder)
Wakąjáwįga (Thunderbird Woman) and Her Daughter
Between 1868 and 1873
1868
Jones, Madison, Wisconsin
Hocąk Chiefs. Left to Right: Back Row (Standing): Little Creek, Winneshiek, Judge; Front Row (Seated and Kneeling): Blue Wing, Decorah (Wąkąhaga ?), Yellow Thunder, George Goodvillage, K[Writing Cut Off].
Since Yellow Thunder died in 1874, the photo must predate that year.
H. H. Bennett, #403
Two Men, ca. 1874
Thundercloud
Wakąjaziga (Yellow Thunder), Chief of the Tribe, prior to 1874
A Woman Tanning a Hide, 1880
Hampton Institute Class Picture, 1881
Group includes Felicia Rivers; Grace and Angel Decora (see below); Edna Traversie (Dakota, from Cheyenne River); Fanny Earth; Mamie Snow; and others. Angel Decorah appears to be the second from the left in the seated row.
A Hocąk Medicine Rite Encampment
The Interior of a Hocąk Medicine Rite Tent
Michel St. Cyr, 1886
Unidentified, Michel St. Cyr, Alex Payer,
White Breast, Before 1884
John Michael St. Cyr
Alex Payer, Government Translator, Chief of Indian Police, Before 1884 (See Above,
1,
2)
A Group at a Campsite
Grass Dancers with a Drum, 1887
The two men standing at the left appear to be Jim Swallow and George Eagle (see below).
A Group in Front of a Building
Spoon Decorah (Cugiga)
1887
Chief White Horse Holding
a Pipe-Tomahawk. Before 1890
Chief Thomas Blackhawk (1804-1899) with Peace Pipe and Ulysses Grant Medal, 1897
Son of the "Winnebago Blackhawk" (See Below and Commentary) and Brother of White Cloud
Wells Sawyer
Wells Sawyer
Wells Sawyer
Philip Long[tail] in Three Poses, 1897
The son of Solomon Longtail and the grandson of Good Thunder after whom Good Thunder, Minnesota is named. Philip Long has several stories in this collection: see Contributors.
Levi St. Cyr, 1879
Levi St. Cyr, ca. 1892
The caption on the right hand picture reads: "Levi St. Cyr. Entered Carlisle 1887, aged 16. Graduated 1891; learned the Printer's trade, and is now Assistant Printer in the Carlisle School Office - Is also a member of the band."
Caxšebenįnįka, "Young Eagle," ca. 1890
Henry French, Caxšepsucka (b. 1849), 1899
Blue Wing, Paris Exposition of 1900
Jasper Blowsnake as a Teenager
Big Hawk, 1899
Suzie Decorah (Far Right) with Her Son Henry T., Her Sister and Cousin, 1900
Valerie Guimaraes says, "This is a picture of my grandfather Henry T. Decorah (little boy on the right without the cradle board) with his mother, Susie (woman on the right). My great-aunt Adelia found this picture in the archives at the Wisconsin Historical Society years ago. My grandfather was born in 1899 and so this picture was taken around 1900. Susie is with her sister and cousin."
Little Cloud, 1900
Picking Cranberries, 1900
Hezazacka, "Branching Horns," 1905
Little Winneshiek and His Wife Liddy (see above
1,
2)
Chief ’Ahúcogá, "Blue Wing," ca. 1905
A Girl Standing in Front of a Small Lodge, 1900-1907
Right to Left: Smoky Smoke, a Menominee; Yellow Thunder, son of the old chief; Bill Decorah (with club),
and his wife and child at a camp near Linen Mill, close to the south bank of the river Baraboo (1905).
Pelagie Nash, Carlisle School, ca. 1907
Women Gambling with Dice, 1907
Jim Swallow, William Massey, Tom Thunder, George Eagle, Ben Thundercloud
1908
John Harrison, 1909
Wakąjakiriga, Thunderbird Coming (1847-ca. 1916)
In his youth he was a member of Company "A" of the Omaha Scouts, and later rose to the rank of Captain of the police. He was a source for Dorsey, Gatschet, and Radin. For his stories in this collection, see Contributors.
Dr. Alphonse Gerend
John Mike's Spirit Stone
"My stone animal was kept by my great grandfathers. My grandfather kept it, beginning in 1809, until his death. I have the possession of the animal since my father died, in 1908, he being then 99 years old. This animal is helpful to the members of our families. We ask it for strength and power and for wild game. He replies by giving us these and power. He gives us these through his spirit."
Hacking Bros.
U.S. Census Taker Enumerating the Hocągara near Waupaca, Wisconsin
1910
John Baptiste
Jim Pine
John Baptiste, Wąkšikcónįga
("Foremost Man"), was Paul Radin's original translator, superseded by Oliver LaMère. See Contributors.
Jim Pine was the author of a number of stories contained in this collection. See Contributors.
Oliver LaMère, b. 1879
Oliver LaMère, Conąkehų-ka, was Paul Radin's principal translator and author of books and articles in his own right. See Contributors.
The Oldest Member of the Hocąk Nation
Winnebago, Nebraska, After 1912
John Rave (Bear Clan) and Family, Prior to 1913
John Rave was an important informant for Paul Radin. See Contributors.
Charles Van Schalck Collection
Baitt and Parsons
Betsy Thunder, Hocąk Medicine Woman,
Bird Clan, February 6, 1913
A Young Man and His Dog
1913
"When the U.S. government ordered Wisconsin Winnebagoes to migrate to Nebraska, Betsy and others hid out in the hills of Jackson County. She lived in Wisconsin her entire life because she felt god had wanted it that way." — Victoria Brown
Dogs played a very important part in Hocąk life, not only as companions of the hunt, but as members of the family. They were considered equivalent to human beings, and were thus, from time to time, offered as a human sacrifice to the Spirits and then eaten.
A Hocąk Sewing Circle, 1913
The woman at the far left is Mrs. Arthur, the wife of the missionary from the Presbyterian Church, holding her child. The Hocąk women are not identified. The picture was take at Winnebago, Nebraska.
A Hocąk Bark Lodge, ca. 1915
A Prayer Service of the Native American Church
Winnebago, Nebraska
John Stacy and Family
Before 1917
The First Converts to the Reformed Church: Left to Right:
Mrs. Martha Stacy,
John Stacy, David Decorah, King of Thunder, Before 1921
Hocąk Matrons, Prior to 1922
Robert Lincoln
Angel De Cora, Maxiwi-Kerenąka[wįga] ?
Angel De Cora at Her Easel
Angel De Cora was an accomplished artist who was published in many magazines and books of the time. She was a member of the Thunderbird Clan, and the Decorah family, heriditary chiefs, descended from Sabrevoir de Carrie and Hąboguwįga, the only known female chief of the Hocągara. Her husband, who was half Sioux, was (ironically) the first head coach of the Washington Redskins. For a photo of Angel Decorah at age 10, see above.
George Howard "Chief" Johnson (1886-1922)
Major League Baseball pitcher for the Cinncinati Reds and the Kansas City Packers (1913-1915).
Lillian Margaret St. Cyr, 1914
Ahušujewįga, "Red Wing" (1884-1974)
Lillian St. Cyr
in "Squaw Man," 1914
Lillian St. Cyr with Her Husband,
James Young Deer (Johnson)
Lillian St. Cyr performed in more than 35 short Western films from 1908-1921. She became a Hollywood star by appearing in the lead role in Cecil B. DeMille's first film, "The Squaw Man." She and her husband Young Deer were recognized as Hollywood's first "power couple."
Foster Decorah
and Two of His Sons
Albert Hensley, His Two Daughters
and Two Nieces, ca. 1915
Corporal Foster Decorah was a member of the 128TH Infantry Regiment. He and Robert Decorah were KIA during the assault on Hill 230 near Cierges, France on 1 Aug. 1918.
The handwritten note on the reverse side reads: "A Winnebago on his way to the Springfield, South Dakota School, with his 2 daughters and 2 nieces."
Charles Miner Collection
Charles Miner Collection
William Miner, Sr. and His Wife Clara Brown
Robert Decorah
1917-1918. Like a great many other Hocąks, William Miner was a member of the 128TH Infantry Regiment (Les Terribles), of the 32ND Division (the Red Arrow Division).
1917-1918. Robert Decorah was also a member of the 128TH Infantry Regiment. He and Foster Decorah were KIA in an assault of Hill 230 near Cierges, France on 1 Aug. 1918.
Charles Miner Collection
George Miner in Semi-Pro Baseball
Corporal George Miner of Tomah, Wisconsin
This is a postcard picture.
Pulling Guard at the American Bridgehead (Occupation Zone) at Niederahren, Germany, 2 January 1919.
Reedsburg Free Press
Fanny Decorah
Photo taken in December, 1921.
Performers on the Beach by Stand Rock near the Amphitheater, 1925
Charles Miner
Moses Decorah and His Wife Kate, Prior to 1929
"Mose" Decorah (1854-1929) was the son of Four Deer, a prominent chief in the Portage area.
Whirling Thunder (Wakąjágiwįxka), ca. 1936
Whirling Thunder (Wearing a Plains Headdress)
He was born in Tomah, Wisconsin. Whirling Thunder pursued a career with the Boy Scouts. He was a member of the Order of the Arrow and Vice-President of the Indian Council Fire. He was received by King Christian X when he visited Denmark for an Indian presentation.
"Princess O-Me-Me, a Chippewa; Sun Road, a Pueblo; and Chief Whirling Thunder, a Winnebago, looking over Chicago's skyline from the roof of the Hotel Sherman." 3 October 1929.
Reverend Jacob Stucki with Hocąk Children, ca. 1931
King of Thunder (Thunderbird Clan), ca. 1931
John Stacy, ca. 1931
Chief Frank Beaver, Rep. Karl Stefans, and William Davis
"Washington, D.C., July 5, 1939. Congressman Karl Stefans of Nebraska conferred with tribesmen of the Winnebago Reservation over his bill to provide compensation for members of the Winnebago Tribe for lands which the Indians were forced to leave in Wisconsin in 1863, ... and feels that Winnebagos should be compensated for their lands."
Henry Roe Cloud at Yale
Henry Roe Cloud and the Roe Family
Henry Roe Cloud, 1931 (see
above)
Henry Roe Cloud in Oregon
His clan name was Wonąǧirehųka, "War Chief", a Warrior Clan name. Henry Roe Cloud (1881-1950) was an educator, college administrator, official in the Office of Indian Affairs, Presbyterian minister, and reformer. The first Native American admitted to Yale University.
Mitchel Red Cloud, jr.
Mitchel Red Cloud, jr.
Won the Medal of Honor in the Korean War. Mitchell Red Cloud Jr., from Wisconsin, was a corporal in Company E., 19th Infantry Regiment, in Korea. "With utter fearlessness he maintained his firing position until severely wounded by enemy fire. Refusing assistance he pulled himself to his feet and wrapping his arm around a tree continued his deadly fire again, until he was fatally wounded. This heroic act stopped the enemy from overrunning his company's position ..."
Daily Iowan
postcard
George LaMère (Hotonga)
1920's (?)
Hotonga
1938
Hotonga
1950's (see
above)
George LaMère was born in 1900 at Winnebago, Nebraska. He had an extraordinary voice, having sung on Broadway before winning a scholarship to the University of Miami on the strength of an audition. He graduated with honors, and was on the faculties of Hope College and Carson Indian School. He was Charles Sanford Skilton's chief collaborator in his "Indianist" music. He was the featured singer in the Standing Rock performances throughout his adult life. He died in 1956.
Bob (Robert William) Harrison (b. 1927)
Bob Harrison is the grandson of John Harrison (above). He was the first American Indian to have played in the NBA. Bob Harrison had a distinguished career with Minneapolis Lakers (1949–1953), Milwaukee / St. Louis Hawks (1953–1956), Syracuse Nationals (1956–1958), and played in the 1956 All Star game. He later coached at Kenyon College and Harvard University.
Reuben Snake (1937-1993), Snake Clan
Joba Chamberlain (b. 1983), Buffalo Clan
Hocąk tribal chairman, environmentalist, writer, singer and national chairman of the American Indian Movement.
Major League Baseball pitcher for the New York Yankees, Detroit Tigers, Kansas City Royals, and Cleveland Indians.
American Indian Center, Uptown Chicago, undated (1950s). Ken Funmaker, Sr. is the dancer in the right facing the camera and wearing a roach & bustle.
Picture taken in August 1969 in Chicago.
Intertribal powwow, Wisconsin, 1985.
Ken Funmaker late in life, date unknown.
Ken Funmaker Sr, Wamą́nįga, "Snow Walker" (1932-2008), Bear Clan, Black Bear Subclan
Traditional Bear Clan Leader, Medicine Lodge and Feast Lodge Elder, Stand Rock Indian Ceremonial Performer, Wisconsin Winnebago Tribal Chairman, founder of the first Hocąk Language Program.
Jimmy Smith sings at drum (center). Ho-Chunk community center, Wisconsin Rapids vicinity, Wood Co., Wisconsin, Dec. 1981.
Ben Bearskin, Jr. (Nebraska Winnebago) Intertribal powwow, Wisconsin, 1985.
Jimmy Smith, "Coming Blue Sky,"
a.k.a. Rev. James Elliott Smith (10 Feb. 1933 - 5 May 2000)
Benjamin John "Ben" Bearskin Jr.,
Hąbregimą̄nį (1952-2013)
NAC leader. Born in Winnebago, Nebraska. Resided in Cranmore (rural Wisconsin Rapids), Wisconsin.
He taught NA culture at Indian Community School, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, 1988-2007. MC in NAC. Head singer, Bearskin (Winnebago) Drum/head dancer/head judge at various powwows in Wisconsin and Nebraska.
Truman Lowe (b. 1944)
Bronson Koenig (b. 1994)
Internationally famed artist, and professor; winner of the Wisconsin Visual Art Lifetime Achievement Award.
A University of Wisconsin basketball star, "the most notable Native American men’s basketball player in the nation." He is also a prominent activist.
Sharice Davids and Her Mother, 2009
Sharice Davids in Martial Arts
Sharice Davids at the Podium
Sharice Davids Campaigning, 2018
Sharice Davids (b. 1980) was raised by her mother, Crystal Herriage, who had a career in the U. S. Army. She earned a BA degree in Business Administration from University of Missouri, Kansas City in 2007, and a JD degree from Cornell Law School in 2009. She pursued a martial arts career from 2006-2013. After working in community development with the Lakota, she became a White House Fellow at the end of the Obama Administration. In 2018, she was the first Native American elected to Congress, representing the 3rd congressional district of Kansas in the United States House of Representatives.
The 1898 Transmississippi Exposition, Omaha, Nebraska
F. A. Rinehart, 1898. TMI #02049
F. A. Rinehart, 1898. TMI #02047
The American Indians 1898 Photo Album. ©Omaha Public Library, 1998. Reproduced by Permission from the collections of the Omaha Public Library
The American Indians 1898 Photo Album. ©Omaha Public Library, 1998. Reproduced by Permission from the collections of the Omaha Public Library
"Old Black Hawk, Wm Hansley, Ed Logan"
"Ed, Peter, & Wm Logan, Wm Hansley"
F. A. Rinehart, 1898. TMI #02497
F. A. Rinehart, 1898. TMI #02055
The American Indians 1898 Photo Album. ©Omaha Public Library, 1998. Reproduced by Permission from the collections of the Omaha Public Library
The American Indians 1898 Photo Album. ©Omaha Public Library, 1998. Reproduced by Permission from the collections of the Omaha Public Library
Black Hawk
Chief Black Hawk
The older Black Hawk at left is the father of his namesake on the right.
F. A. Rinehart, 1898. TMI #02046
F. A. Rinehart, 1898. TMI #02052
F. A. Rinehart, 1898. TMI #02053
The American Indians 1898 Photo Album. ©Omaha Public Library, 1998. Reproduced by Permission from the collections of the Omaha Public Library
The American Indians 1898 Photo Album. ©Omaha Public Library, 1998. Reproduced by Permission from the collections of the Omaha Public Library
The American Indians 1898 Photo Album. ©Omaha Public Library, 1998. Reproduced by Permission from the collections of the Omaha Public Library
"Black Hawk, Little Ox"
"Wm Hansley"
"Wm Hansley (Profile)"
F. A. Rinehart, 1898. TMI #02048
F. A. Rinehart, 1898. TMI #00655
The American Indians 1898 Photo Album. ©Omaha Public Library, 1998. Reproduced by Permission from the collections of the Omaha Public Library
The American Indians 1898 Photo Album. ©Omaha Public Library, 1998. Reproduced by Permission from the collections of the Omaha Public Library
"Ed Logan, Four Children"
"Mrs. Joseph Street"
This is the wife of Gen. Joseph Street, for whom see the Commentary to Juliette Kinzie's Wau-Bun
F. A. Rinehart, 1898. TMI #02488
F. A. Rinehart, 1898. TMI #02487
The American Indians 1898 Photo Album. ©Omaha Public Library, 1998. Reproduced by Permission from the collections of the Omaha Public Library
The American Indians 1898 Photo Album. ©Omaha Public Library, 1998. Reproduced by Permission from the collections of the Omaha Public Library
"Winnebago Women, Group of Seven"
"Winnebago Group of Nine"
The 1907 Powwow, Winnebago, Nebraska
The Announcer and a Dancer by the Row of Lodges
The Announcer and Seated Spectators
A Dancer Passing by Spectators
Participants Standing Outside the Exhibit Area
People Assembling for the Dance
People Assembling for the Next Dance
Assembled Dancers
A Dance Circle Including Girls
Singers
Singers and Dancers
Singers
Dancing at the 1907 Powwow
Stereoscopic Photographs
Gray Wolf at Blue Earth, Minnesota, between 1855 and 1863
See the matching photo above.
J. E. Whitney
Winneshiek the Elder (Wakąjaguga), Head Chief of the Hocągara
1862-1875
Chief Gray Wolf
Between 1868 and 1880
Gray Wolf was the brother of the last Hocąk War Chief, Little Priest.
Cenąžį́ga = Standing Buffalo (David McCluskey), ca. 1870
Che-nah-zi-gah was arrested for assisting the Dakota during the outbreak of 1862, but later released. David McCluskey is listed as a private in Stufft's Independent Company, Indian Scouts, US Volunteers. He saw action during the Sully Campaign against the Lakota in 1864, and is the author of a large pictograph depicting the fighting that took place during the Battle of the Badlands. The caption of this picture describes him as "a celebrated dancer."
Standing Buffalo Holding a Rifle, 1874
Standing Buffalo Holding a Rifle While Reclining, 1874
Hezazacka, "Branching Horns," 1905
A Seated Woman
Between 1868 and 1880
A Seated Woman
Between 1868 and 1880
A Child
One Horn
A Woman with a Child on Her Back
Between 1868 and 1880
Two Young Women with a Baby
Between 1868 and 1880
Paskaga, White Nose
Between 1868 and 1880
The explanation asssociated with the photo says, "Pos-Ka-Ka or White Face, Winnebago celebrated for the size of his nose." The name is actually, pa, "nose"; ska, "white"; and -ga, a suffix indicating a personal name.
Jim Big Winnebago
Big Winnebago had married a Dakota woman, and was charged with participating in the Sioux Uprising of 1862, but later acquitted. "Big Winnebago" is a translation of Hocągexetega, which the Dakota rendered as Otonkatonka.
Three Men Seated (Standing Buffalo is in the Center)
St. Paul, Minnesota, 1870
Green Cloud, 1875-1876
This photograph is entitled "Green Cloud," which several Indian censuses show to be a translation ofMąxícoga. Mąxí is ambiguous between "cloud" and "sky," and the word co covers the spectrum from blue through green. The photograph was taken in Sioux City, Iowa. In the Sioux City directories the Hamilton-Hoyt Studio is listed only once in 1875-1876.
A Group of Men in Traditional Clothing
Blackhawk (q.v.) is seen seated at the far right. The photo appears to have been before 1875.
A Man with a Beaver Skin Cap
Between 1868 and 1880
A Man Wearing a Blanket
Between 1868 and 1880
Keracowįga, "Blue Sky" (Wolf Clan), a Girl, and a Dog
1877
Mah-dee-hay-wingah (Mąnįhewiga ?), One That Walks Behind
Between 1868 and 1880
A Woman with a Blanket on Her Lap
Between 1868 and 1880
Three Women and a Child on a Hillside
Four Children
Between 1865 and 1880
A Group Sitting on a Hillside
Between 1868 and 1880
A Camping Scene
Between 1868 and 1880
Tonnunga (Tonąka, "He Sits Large" ? or perhaps Omaha Tenuga, "Buffalo")
Between 1865 and 1880
Men and Women Seated on a Bench Outside a Building
Between 1868 and 1880
Men in Full Warrior Costume
Between 1868-1881
"Winnebago Treaty Table"
1871
Taylor's Scrapbook describes this scene as, "Winnebago and Omaha Indian Council." This council was held in Nebraska between Winnebago leaders including Standing Bear, and Omaha leaders including Yellow Smoke, with Superintendent of Indian Affairs Samuel McPherson Janney in 1871. Another photograph in this set is entitled, "Council between Winnebago and Omaha tribes with Superintendent Janney in Nebraska in 1871." The man standing in front of the horseman (Yellow Smoke ?) appears to be addressing the convocation. The man with the upright feathers standing behind the table is Standing Buffalo (q.v., 1, 2, 3, 4).
Winnebago Treaty Table, 1871, Enlarged
A Seated Group with Horses
Between 1862 and 1868
People Sittng in a Clearing at a Campsite
Nąjuziwįga, "Brown Hair," Prior to 1890
Big Bear (1810-1890) with Bow and Arrows
H. H. Bennett
Big Bear in the Diamond Grotto, Wisconsin Dells
Statues
Emma Big Bear Bronze, Showing Her with Basket Weaving Materials at the Mississippi River Sculpture Park on St. Feriole Island, Prairie Du Chien, Wisc.
Emma Big Bear (1869-1968) is famous as a master basket weaver, but was also probably the last Hocąk living a traditional Hocąk lifestyle in northeast Iowa. Her father was Big Bear (1, 2) and her mother was Mary Blue Wing, the daughter of Chief Ahúcogá (1, 2). She is also said to be the (great-)grandaughter of Wakąhaga (1, 2).
