PHP Array Exercises : Displays array keys and values

Last update on May 30 2025 13:14:13 (UTC/GMT +8 hours)

3. Sorted Capitals from CEU Array

$ceu = array( "Italy"=>"Rome", "Luxembourg"=>"Luxembourg", "Belgium"=> "Brussels", "Denmark"=>"Copenhagen", "Finland"=>"Helsinki", "France" => "Paris", "Slovakia"=>"Bratislava", "Slovenia"=>"Ljubljana", "Germany" => "Berlin", "Greece" => "Athens", "Ireland"=>"Dublin", "Netherlands"=>"Amsterdam", "Portugal"=>"Lisbon", "Spain"=>"Madrid", "Sweden"=>"Stockholm", "United Kingdom"=>"London", "Cyprus"=>"Nicosia", "Lithuania"=>"Vilnius", "Czech Republic"=>"Prague", "Estonia"=>"Tallin", "Hungary"=>"Budapest", "Latvia"=>"Riga", "Malta"=>"Valetta", "Austria" => "Vienna", "Poland"=>"Warsaw") ;

Create a PHP script which displays the capital and country name from the above array $ceu. Sort the list by the name of the capital.

Sample Solution:

PHP Code:

<?php
// Define an associative array with countries as keys and capitals as values
$ceu = array(
 "Italy" => "Rome", "Luxembourg" => "Luxembourg",
 "Belgium" => "Brussels", "Denmark" => "Copenhagen",
 "Finland" => "Helsinki", "France" => "Paris",
 "Slovakia" => "Bratislava", "Slovenia" => "Ljubljana",
 "Germany" => "Berlin", "Greece" => "Athens",
 "Ireland" => "Dublin", "Netherlands" => "Amsterdam",
 "Portugal" => "Lisbon", "Spain" => "Madrid",
 "Sweden" => "Stockholm", "United Kingdom" => "London",
 "Cyprus" => "Nicosia", "Lithuania" => "Vilnius",
 "Czech Republic" => "Prague", "Estonia" => "Tallin",
 "Hungary" => "Budapest", "Latvia" => "Riga",
 "Malta" => "Valetta", "Austria" => "Vienna",
 "Poland" => "Warsaw"
);
// Sort the associative array by values (capitals) in ascending order
asort($ceu);
// Iterate through the sorted array and echo the country and its capital
foreach ($ceu as $country => $capital) {
 echo "The capital of $country is $capital" . "\n";
}
?>

Output:

The capital of Netherlands is Amsterdam 
The capital of Greece is Athens 
The capital of Germany is Berlin 
The capital of Slovakia is Bratislava 
The capital of Belgium is Brussels 
The capital of Hungary is Budapest 
The capital of Denmark is Copenhagen 
The capital of Ireland is Dublin 
The capital of Finland is Helsinki 
The capital of Portugal is Lisbon 
The capital of Slovenia is Ljubljana 
The capital of United Kingdom is London 
The capital of Luxembourg is Luxembourg 
The capital of Spain is Madrid 
The capital of Cyprus is Nicosia 
The capital of France is Paris 
The capital of Czech Republic is Prague 
The capital of Latvia is Riga
The capital of Italy is Rome 
The capital of Sweden is Stockholm 
The capital of Estonia is Tallin 
The capital of Malta is Valetta 
The capital of Austria is Vienna 
The capital of Lithuania is Vilnius 
The capital of Poland is Warsaw 

Flowchart:

For more Practice: Solve these Related Problems:

• Write a PHP script that sorts a given associative array of countries and capitals by the capital names and then displays them in a formatted list.
• Write a PHP function that takes an associative array of country-capital pairs, sorts them by capital, and then outputs a string for each pair.
• Write a PHP program to sort an associative array by capital city names in descending order and then reverse the order to display ascending results.
• Write a PHP script to sort the array by capitals while handling potential missing capital values and output a fallback string where necessary.

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