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Current Population Estimates as of October 1, 2023

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Population Pyramid

[Total Population]

The total population was 124,352 thousand, a decrease of 595 thousand compared with the previous year. The rate of decrease was 0.48 percent. The total population decreased for the thirteenth year in a row.
The male population was 60,492 thousand, a decrease of 265 thousand (0.44 percent), while the female population was 63,859 thousand, a decrease of 330 thousand (0.51 percent).
The natural change of the male population was negative for the nineteenth year in a row, and that of the female population was negative for the fifteenth year in a row.
The migration change of the Japanese population was positive for the first time in three years, and that of the foreign population was positive for the two years in a row.

Table 1 Composition of Population (as of October 1, 2023)

Figure 1 Number and Rate of Population change

[Population by Age Group]

The population under 15 years old was 14,173 thousand (11.4 percent of the total population).
The population aged 15 to 64 was 73,952 thousand (59.5 percent of the total population).
The population aged 65 years old and over was 36,227 thousand (29.1 percent of the total population).

[Population]

The top five prefectures in population were Tokyo-to, Kanagawa-ken, Osaka-fu, Aichi-ken and Saitama-ken. These prefectures account for 37.7 percent of the total population.
Tokyo-to had the largest population in 2023 (11.3 percent of the total population).

[Rates of Population Change]

The population increased only in Tokyo-to.
The population decreased in 46 prefectures. Akita-ken had the highest rate of decrease in population.

Table 2 Population for Prefectures/Table 3 Rates of Population Change for Prefectures

Figure 2 Rates of Population Change

[Population by Age Group]

The percentage of the population under 15 years old was the highest in Okinawa-ken and lowest in Akita-ken.
The percentage of the population aged 15 to 64 was the highest in Tokyo-to and lowest in Akita-ken.
The percentage of the population aged 65 years old and over was the highest in Akita-ken and lowest in Tokyo-to, and it increased in 44 prefectures.

Reference Table Percentage of Population by Age (3 Groups) for Prefectures