Publications

Contents

Part 1
Current Situation of Attorneys and Other Legal Professions

Chapter 1 Population of Attorneys ... 1

I.	The Japan Federation of Bar Associations and the Number of Attorneys	.	1
II.	Constitution According to Age	.	2

Chapter 2 Change in the Number of Attorneys, etc. ... 3

I.	The Status of the Number of Applicants for Law Schools and Enrollment of People	.	3
II.	The Status of Successful Bar Examination Candidates	.	4
1. Pass Rate of New Bar Examination	.	4
III.	The Number of Legal Apprentices who Have Completed Legal Training per Chosen Profession	.	5
IV.	Comparison of the Total Number of Lawyers, Judges, and Public Prosecutors with those of Foreign Countries	.	6
1. The Number of People per Lawyer (Cross-country Comparison)	.	6
2. The Number of People per Judge (Cross-country Comparison)	.	7
3. The Number of People per Public Prosecutor (Cross-country Comparison)	.	8
4. The Number of People per Legal Professional (Cross-country Comparison)	.	9
V.	Changes in Populations of Other Legal Professions	.	12

Chapter 3 Mergers of Law Offices and the Current Situation of Legal Professional Corporations ... 13

I.	The Number of Attorneys in Law Offices	.	13
II.	Current Situation of Legal Professional Corporations	.	15
1.The Number of LPCs	.	15
2.Size of Legal Professional Corporations	.	16

Chapter 4 Current Situation of Gaikokuho-Jimu-Bengoshi ("Registered Foreign Lawyers") ... 17

I.	Changes in the Number of Gaikokuho-Jimu-Bengoshi (1988-2013)	.	17
II.	Registration of Gaikokuho-Jimu-Bengoshi (Registered Foreign Lawyers)	.	18
III.	Situations regarding Alliances with Foreign Law Joint Enterprises	.	19
IV.	The Number of Foreign Lawyers Employed by Attorneys and Legal Professional Corporations	.	21
1.By Nationality	.	21
2.By Home Jurisdiction	.	22
V.	World Law Firms and Their Entry into the Japanese Market	.	23

Part 2
Activities of Attorneys

Chapter 1 Criminal Advocacy Activities ... 24

Section 1 Duty Attorney and Court-Appointed Attorney Systems		.	24
I.	Outline of Duty Attorney and Court-Appointed Attorney Systems	.	24
II.	Current Situations of Duty Attorneys (Toban Bengoshi)	.	25
III.	Changes in the Number of Duty Attorney Requested Cases, Appointed Cass and Criminal Suspect Defense Aid Cases	.	26
Section 2 The Status of Defense Attorneys Involvement in the Overall Criminal Cases		.	27
I.	The Status of Court-Appointed Attorney Contracts, and the Number of Defendants with Court-Appointed Attorneys	.	27
II.	Changes in the Percentage of Retaining Criminal Defense Counsel (after Indictment) (Court-Appointed and Privately Retained) at District Courts	.	28
III.	Changes in the Percentage of Retaining Criminal Defense Counsel (after Indictment) (Court-Appointed and Privately Retained) at Summary Courts	.	28
IV.	Changes in the Percentage of Defendants Retaining Criminal Defense Counsel (after Indictment) (Court-Appointed and Privately Retained) at High Courts	.	29
Section 3 Defense Activities in Juvenile Cases		.	30
I.	Changes in the Number of Juvenile Probation Cases (at Family Courts) and the Proportion of Cases in which Attendants are Present	.	30
II.	Changes in the Number of Juvenile Probation Cases (at Family Courts) with Appointed Attendants (by type)	.	31
Section 4 The Lay Judge System		.	32
I.	Cases Determined by Lay Judges	.	32
II.	Actual Practice of Lay Judge Trials	.	34
1. The Number of Persons Who Have Been Subjected to Saiban-in (Lay Judges) Trials and Whose Trials Have Been Finalized	.	34
2. Comparison of the Average Period Taken for Court Deliberations and the Average Period of the Pretrial Conference Procedure (by confession and denial), etc.	.	35

Chapter 2 Activities in Civil and Other Lawsuits ... 38

Section 1 Civil Lawsuits		.	38
I.	Attorneys’ Involvement in Ordinary Civil Lawsuits before District Courts	.	38
II.	Attorneys’ Involvement in Ordinary Civil Lawsuits before Summary Courts	.	40
III.	Changes in the Percentage of Appointed Attorneys in Ordinary Second Instance Trials (before High Courts)	.	41
Section 2 JFBA’s Assistance for Disaster Victims of the Great East Japan Earthquake		.	42
I.	JFBA’s Response to the Great East Japan Earthquake and the Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant Accident	.	42
II.	Statistical Results of Free Legal Consultations in Regard to the Great East Japan Earthquake	.	43
III.	JFBA’s Response to Double Loan Payment Issues	.	45
IV.	JFBA’s Response to the Nuclear Power Plant Accident, etc.	.	46

Chapter 3 Expansion of Attorneys’ Activities ... 47

I.	Current Situation of In-house Attorneys	.	47
1. Changes in the Number of In-house Attorneys	.	47
2. Public Officers with Fixed Terms	.	48
II.	Diet Member and Head of Local Governments Registered as Attorneys	.	49

Part 3
Activities of the JFBA and Local Bar Associations

Chapter 1 Autonomy of Attorneys ... 50

Section 1 Complaints and Dispute Conciliations		.	50
I.	Complaints against Attorneys	.	50
II.	Dispute Conciliation	.	51
1. Number of Dispute Conciliation Cases Newly Received	.	51
2. Handling of Dispute Conciliation Cases (All Bar Associations) – 2003 to 2012 –	.	51
Section 2 Disciplinary System for Attorneys		.	52
I.	Summary of the Disciplinary System for Attorneys	.	52
1.Request for Discipline	.	52
2.Investigation by Disciplinary Enforcement Committee	.	52
3.Examination by Disciplinary Actions Committee	.	52
4.Filing of an Objection, etc.	.	53
5.Public Notice by the Official Gazette, etc.	.	53
II.	Operation of the Disciplinary System	.	54
1.Cases Handled by Disciplinary Enforcement Committees of Bar Associations and the JFBA	.	54
(1)Bar Associations	.	54
(2)JFBA	.	54
2.Processing Cases at Disciplinary Actions Committees of Bar Associations and the JFBA	.	55
(1)Bar Associations	.	55
(2)JFBA	.	55
i.Objections	.	55
ii.Appeals	.	55
3.Processing Cases at the JFBA Board of Discipline Review	.	56
Section 3 Disciplinary Actions and Disciplinary Procedure		.	57
I.	Statistics Regarding Disciplinary Actions	.	57
1.Changes in the Number of Newly Accepted Requests for Disciplinary Actions (All Bar Associations) –1996 to 2012-	.	57
2.Number of Requests for Disciplinary Action and Details of Handling the Requests (All Bar Associations)	.	58
3.Percentage of Disciplinary Actions (All Bar Associations)	.	59
(1)Percentage of Cases with Disciplinary Actions out of All Requests for Disciplinary Actions	.	59
(2)Changes in Percentage of Members with Disciplinary Actions	.	59
II.	The Flow and Current Situation of Disciplinary Procedure	.	60
1.The Disciplinary System	.	60

Chapter 2 The JFBA's Activities involving Human Rights Relief ... 62

I.	Appeal System Procedures for Human Rights Relief	.	62
II.	The Number of Human Rights Relief Cases (by Category)	.	64

Chapter 3 International Activities of the JFBA ... 65

Section 1 International Human Rights Activities		.	66
I.	Activities at the United Nations (UN)	.	66
II.	Activities Related to the UN and UN Human Rights Bodies	.	66
Section 2 International Exchange Activities		.	67
I.	Membership of International Organizations	.	67
II.	MOUs with Overseas Bar Organizations	.	67
Section 3 International Cooperation		.	69
I.	JICA Long-Term Experts Achievement	.	69
II.	Past and Current JFBA Assistance Projects for Bar Associations in Developing Countries (by Country)	.	71
Section 4 Overseas Visiting Fellow Program and Support for Working in International Organizations		.	73
I.	JFBA Overseas Visiting Fellow Program	.	73
1.Past Overseas Visiting Fellows	.	73
II.	Support for JFBA Members Interested in Working in International Organizations	.	75
III.	Other Support	.	75