etcMission 31Prepare2Save3Prevent4Enhance5Protect6Developetc15 16
Mission3Promotion of residential fire prevention measures
住宅防火対策の推進
Investigations into the causes of fires and leakage of hazardous materials, and promotion
of prevention of fire caused by ignition of products 火災原因・流出事故原因調査、製品火災対策の推進
The annual number of fatalities due to residential fires in Japan is close to a
thousand. Elderly people account for nearly 70% of the fatalities—the main cause
is failure to escape the fires. The installation rate of residential fire alarms stopped
at approximately 84%, so further promotion is vital. In addition, due to concerns
about battery failure or deterioration of existing fire alarms that have been
installed for more than 10 years, we are calling for the necessity of maintenance
and management, such as regular inspections, and promoting the replacement of
residential fire alarms that have been installed for more than 10 years.
FDMA promotes public awareness through fire prevention campaigns and
symposiums for promotion of residential fire prevention measures in cooperation
with Fire Service Institutions, Volunteer Fire Corps, Female (Women's) Fire
Prevention Clubs, and voluntary disaster prevention organizations in order to reduce
the number of deaths caused by residential fires as much as possible.
住宅火災の死者は毎年 1,000 人近く発生していますが、そのうち高齢者が約 7 割を占め
ており、特に逃げ遅れによる死者が多い状況です。住宅火災の早期発見に有効である住宅
用火災警報器は、
全ての住宅に設置が義務付けられていますが、
その設置率は約 84%となっ
ており、さらなる設置の促進を図っています。また、設置から 10 年以上を経過した住宅
用火災警報器の電池切れや故障が懸念されることから、定期的な点検など維持管理の必要
性を呼びかけるとともに、設置から 10 年以上を経過した住宅用火災警報器の取替えを推
進しています。
消防庁では、火災予防運動や住宅防火・防災キャンペーン等を通じ、消防本部、女性(婦人)
防火クラブ及び自主防災組織等と協力して、住宅火災による死者が一人でも少なくなるよう、
住宅防火対策を推進してまいります。
When a fire occurs, the fire service organizations investigate the causes, and use the results for enhancing fire prevention measures and firefighting activities.
When a large-scale or unprecedented fire occurs, FDMA investigates the causes through the FDMA commissioner in order to assist the investigation activities of the fire service
organizations. Also, when the leakage of hazardous materials occurs, a municipal mayor, who holds authority over the hazardous materials facility, investigates the causes. For
an unprecedented leakage accident, the FDMA commissioner investigates the causes at the mayor's request.
In addition, the causes of recent fires have been significantly diversified, and in some cases, household products like electrical appliances and burning appliances cause fires.
To protect the security and safety of consumers, FDMA prepares a system to gather information on fires caused by the ignition of products and publishes the fire information
to alert the public, and at the same time, shares the information with the Consumer Affairs Agency and other related agencies, in order to enhance the measures against fires
caused by ignition of products.
火災が発生した場合、消防機関は火災の原因調査を行い、調査結果から得られた教訓を防
火安全対策や消防活動などに活用しています。
消防庁では、大規模な火災や特殊な火災等が発生した場合、消防庁長官が主導して、管轄
の消防本部と連携した火災原因調査を行います。また、火災につながる恐れのある大規模な
危険物の流出事故や危険物施設の破損等が発生した場合、市町村長等からの求めに応じて消
TOPICS4
On December 17 2021,a building fire causing serious personal injuries 27 people died (including one suspect)
occurred in Kita Ward, Osaka City. The cause of the fire was determined to be gasoline and a lighter that the
suspect used.
In response to this fire, the FDMA held a panel of experts with the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport
and Tourism (MLIT) to discuss fire prevention and evacuation measures in buildings with only one direct
stairway, and compiled a report.
Based on the results, we made the"Guidelines for Evacuation in Buildings with One Direct Stairway"and
reviewed on-site inspection manuals. to further promote thorough correction of violations of fire defense laws
and regulations. We also took measures such as re-notifying the fire brigade to ensure that there is proper
customer identification at gas stations through patrols and on-site inspections.
令和3年 12 月 17 日に大阪市北区において、死者 27 人(容疑者1人含む。)、負傷者1人という極めて重大な人的被害を伴う
ビル火災が発生しました。出火原因は、容疑者がガソリンを散布し、ライターを用いて放火したものと判明しました。
この火災を受け、消防庁では国土交通省と合同で開催した有識者検討会において、直通階段が一つしか設けられていない建築物
における防火・避難対策等について検討を行い、報告書がとりまとめられました。
この報告書を踏まえ、
「直通階段が一つの建築物向けの避難行動に関するガイドライン」の策定や、立入検査に関するマニュアルなどの見
直しを行い、消防法令違反の是正の徹底等について、より一層の推進を図りました。また、消防隊の見回りや立入検査の機会を通じてガソリ
ンスタンドにおける顧客の本人確認等の適正な運用の徹底を図るよう再度通知するなどの対応を行いました。
Response to fire in Kita Ward, Osaka City and future.
大阪市北区ビル火災に係る対応
The exterior of the fire
出火建物外観
Prevent fires of greater complexity
多様化する火災の予防
FDMA investigated the cause, especially of large scale fires and has strived to enhance fire prevention administrations by revising fire protection laws. This effort has worked
to stop the fire incidents in large buildings which cause a number of deaths, such as the Sennichi Department Store Fire (118 deaths) or the Hotel New Japan Fire (33 deaths),
from occurring in recent years.
On the other hand, new forms of facilities have appeared in recent years, such as small scale welfare facilities including group homes, large-scale distribution warehouses, and
vacation rental homes, So there is a need for consideration of new fire prevention measures. It is also necessary to prevent accidents related to fire prevention equipment, and
appropriately address issues such as environmental regulations of fire-extinguishing chemicals.
FDMA responds flexibly to changes occurring in social structure and the usage of buildings, and carries out necessary revisions of fire protection laws and promotes training for
business operators.
消防庁では、火災が発生するたびに原因を追求し、消防法令の改正を重ね、火災予防行政
の強化を図ってきました。その結果、千日デパートビル火災(死者 118 人)やホテルニュー
ジャパン火災(死者 33 人)のような、大規模な建物で多数の死者が発生する火災は現在で
は見られなくなっています。
一方、近年は、グループホームなどの小規模社会福祉施設や大規模物流倉庫、民泊などの
A series of large-scale warehouse fires
occurred such as: the fire in Miyoshi-
cho, Saitama Prefecture in February
2017, the fire in Iwanuma City, Miyagi
Prefecture in April 2020, and the
fire in Konohana-ku, Osaka City in
November 2021. In response to this,
in order to thoroughly implement
fire prevention and safety measures
for large-scale warehouses, we are
promoting fire drills by business
operators, as well as promoting
identification of fire risks.
平成 29 年 2 月埼玉県三芳町倉庫火災、令和2年4
月宮城県岩沼市倉庫火災、令和3年 11 月大阪市此
花区倉庫火災といった大規模倉庫火災が相次いで発
生。これらを受け、大規模倉庫の防火安全対策の徹
底を図るため、事業者による効果的な消防訓練の実
施や火災危険性の把握等を推進
Large-scale fires occurred in areas with a
concentration of old wooden buildings, such as
the large-scale fire in Itoigawa City in December
2016 and the fire in Kitakyushu City Tanga
District in 2022 in April and August. As a result,
we are working with local community to create
priority fire prevention areas and promote
focused guidance for places that are high risk.
平成 28 年 12 月の糸魚川市大規模火災、令和4年4月及び8月
の北九州市旦過地区火災など、古い木造建築物が密集する地域で
大規模な火災が発生したことから、火災発生時に大規模な火災に
つながる危険性の高い地域を「重点防火指導対象地域」と定め、
地域関係者と連携した重点的な防火指導を推進
A warehouse fire in Konohana Ward, Osaka City in 2021
(courtesy of Osaka City Fire Bureau)
令和3年大阪市此花区倉庫火災
(大阪市消防局提供)
A large city fire in Itoigawa City in 2016
(Provided by Itoigawa City Fire Department)
平成 28 年糸魚川市大規模火災
(糸魚川市消防局提供)
In recent years, new forms of facilities have appeared, such as small scale
welfare facilities that include group homes, large-scale distribution warehouses,
and vacation rental houses.
In addition, more robust measures for earthquakes in petroleum complexes and
hazardous materials facilities are also demanded.
FDMA investigates and identifies the causes and factors that expand the
damage of these complicated and diversified fires and accidents, and promotes
improvement of both hard and soft fire prevention measures.
近年、グループホームなどの小規模社会福祉施設や大規模物流倉庫、民泊などの新しい形
態の施設が出てきており、新たな火災予防対策の検討が必要となっています。
また、石油コンビナートや危険物施設における震災対策の推進も求められています。
消防庁では、複雑・多様化する火災・事故に対し、原因や被害拡大要因などを調査・検証し、
ハード・ソフト両面からの防火安全対策の強化を図っています。
Investigate and identify the causes of fires and accidents,
and promote fire prevention measures.
火災・事故の原因等を調査・
検証し、
防火安全対策を推進する17011668161815611478140414041367128312501185104911101052 10271006958109312201220118711871148114810231023102210221070107099799710161016 10061006914914885
885 88988994694689989989989996696635.635.645.945.958.458.471.177.579.879.681.081.281.781.682.382.683.184.066.966.466.566.466.966.466.56867.401020304050607080905007009001100130015001700H17 H18 H19 H20 H21 H22 H23 H24 H25 H26 H27 H28 H29 H30 R1 R2 R3 R4
Number of residential fires (x10) Number of deaths from residential fires (people)
Rate of conformity (%)
Installation rate (%)(%)(x10)
(people)
* Excluding fires due to "arson"in number of fires.
* Excluding deaths due to suicide in number of deaths.
* "Installation rate" refers to the percentage of total households that have installed a fire alarm in at least one part of
the house that is obliged to do so under the fire prevention ordinance of the municipality (including households that
are exempt from installing a residential fire alarm due to the installation of automatic fire alarm equipment).
* "Rate of conformity" refers to the percentage of total households that have fire alarms installed in all parts of the
house that they are obliged to do so under the fire prevention ordinance of the municipality (including households
that are exempt from installing a residential fire alarm due to the installation of automatic fire alarm equipment).
* The number of house fires and the number of home fire deaths in 2022 have not been aggregated.11231123
■しかく Usage of residential fire alarms and cases of home fires
新しい形態の施設が出てきており、新たな火災予防対策の検討が必要となっています。また、
消防用設備等に関する事故の防止や、消火薬剤の環境規制といった課題への対応も必要です。
消防庁では、社会構造の変化や建物の利用形態の変化に柔軟に対応し、必要な消防法令の
改正や、事業者への指導の推進などを行っています。
防庁長官が主導して管轄の消防本部と連携した事故の原因調査を行います。
また、電気用品や燃焼機器等、生活に身近な製品が発火源となる火災も多く発生している
ことから、消防庁では、製品の不具合により発生したとされる火災の情報を公表し、国民に
広く注意喚起を図るとともに、消費者庁や経済産業省等の関係省庁との情報共有体制を確保
するなど、国民の安心・安全の確保のため、製品火災対策の取組を強化しています。
Prevent fires and industrial disasters recently becoming diversified
Prevent fires and industrial disasters recently becoming diversified
多様化する火災・企業災害を未然に防ぐ
多様化する火災・企業災害を未然に防ぐetcMission 31Prepare2Save3Prevent4Enhance5Protect6Developetc17 18
Enhancement of disaster prevention measures for petroleum complexes, etc.
石油コンビナート等の防災体制の強化
Safety of hazardous materials facilities
危険物の安全確保
Preparing for nuclear disasters
原子力災害への備え
To ensure the safety of petroleum complexes that store vast quantities of
hazardous materials and high pressure flammable gases, they are controlled in
accordance with the Fire Service Act, the High Pressure Gas Safety Act, and also
the Law on the Prevention of Disasters in Petroleum Industrial Complexes and
Other Petroleum Facilities.
In petroleum complexes, large-scale explosions or fires are liable to spread flames
outside the factory sites, and have serious impacts on the security and safety of the
public. In the Great East Japan Earthquake, large-scale fires at petroleum complexes
and other facilities occurred, causing huge damages.
To minimize disasters at petroleum complexes, with the object of preventing expansion
of disasters and secondary disasters, as well as of ensuring early suppression, FDMA
instructs the business operators of petroleum complexes to share the information
about the complex with the fire service organizations in advance, and also to make sure
of reporting to the fire service organizations at the time of fire, explosion, and leakage.
Furthermore, FDMA requires the operators to maintain and manage the facilities
properly, and allocate and maintain disaster prevention equipment, in order to enhance
the disaster prevention systems at the petroleum complexes, etc.
危険物や高圧ガスなどの可燃性物質が大量に集積する石油コンビナートでは、消防法、高
圧ガス保安法などとともに石油コンビナート等災害防止法により、様々な保安上の対策が行
われています。
石油コンビナートでは、大規模な爆発、火災の延焼等により、工場の敷地外にまで影響が
及ぶなど、国民の安全・安心に大きな影響を及ぼす恐れがあります。東日本大震災では、石
油コンビナート等で大規模な火災が発生し、甚大な被害が生じました。
消防庁では、石油コンビナート災害を防止できるよう、災害の拡大防止、早期鎮圧、二次
Accident prevention measures in hazardous materials facilities
危険物施設における事故防止対策
Facilities with hazardous materials such as highly flammable gasoline and
diesel oil operate in various forms all over the country, ranging from industrial
facilities including chemical plants and petroleum tanks, to more familiar
facilities such as gas stations. If accidents such as fire and leakage occur in
these facilities, the security and safety of people are seriously affected.
FDMA has stepped up the responses measures to incidents in hazardous
materials facilities that occur through a variety of causes. Such measures
include inspection methods that use new technology to prevent incidents
which occur due to the aging of facilities. Also FDMA has enhanced
earthquake measures, along with promoting accident prevention
countermeasures where the national government, local governments, fire
service organizations, and business operators work closely together.
火災危険性の高いガソリンや軽油などの危険物を取り扱う危険物施設は、化学プラン
トや石油タンクなどの産業施設から、ガソリンスタンドのような身近なものまで、様々
な形で全国に設置されています。ひとたびこれらの施設で火災・流出などの事故が発生
すると、国民の安全・安心に大きな影響を与えることとなります。
消防庁では、危険物施設の経年変化による事故を防止するための新しい技術を用いた
点検方法等の検討等、様々な要因で発生する危険物施設における事故への対応や、地震
や風水害等の自然災害対策の推進に取り組むとともに、国、地方公共団体、消防機関、
事業者等、関係者が一体となった事故防止対策を推進しています。
Safety measures in response to social needs
社会ニーズに応じた危険物の安全対策
Based on the lessons learned from TEPCO's Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster, the Act
on Special Measures Concerning Nuclear Emergency Preparedness was revised, and
other nuclear disaster prevention measures have been thoroughly reviewed.
Based on the experience of the firefighting activities at the Fukushima Daiichi power
plant and the current technical progress, FDMA has revised the firefighting activity
procedures to ensure that the fire brigade members can safely and effectively perform
firefighting activities. It is a part of FDMA support for the fire service organization's
operation at the nuclear power facilities.
In addition, in order to improve the response to accidents related to radioactive
substances, FDMA has deployed personal alarm dosimeters and other equipment
for radioactive substance accidents to fire service organizations, and also is creating
a specialist course at the Fire and Disaster Management College for nuclear disaster
prevention training.
東京電力福島第一原子力発電所で発生した事故の教訓を踏まえ、原子力災害対策特別措置法
が改正されるなど、原子力防災対策の抜本的な見直しが行われています。
消防庁では、福島原発事故等における消防活動事例や近年の技術的進展を踏まえ、事故等の
発生時に消防隊員の安全を確保しながら効果的な消防活動が展開できるよう、消防活動マニュ
アルを見直すなど、消防機関による原子力施設等における活動対策に関する支援等を行ってい
ます。
さらに、放射性物質の事故等への対応力を強化するため、個人警報線量計などの放射性物質
事故対応資機材を消防本部へ配備するほか、消防職員に対する原子力防災研修として消防大学
校に専門コースを設けるなど、消防機関の消防活動能力の向上等に取り組んでいます。
災害防止等の観点から、石油コンビナート内の事業者に対し、災害時に消防機関等へ情報提
供を行う体制を整備させるとともに、火災、爆発、漏えい等が発生した際の消防機関への迅
速な通報の徹底、さらには施設の適切な維持管理、防災資機材の配備・維持管理などの徹底
を通じて、石油コンビナート等の防災体制の強化を図っています。
Nuclear facility disaster response training
原子力施設災害対応訓練
Fire at a petroleum complex (Great East Japan Earthquake)
石油コンビナート火災(東日本大震災)
Firefighting at a petroleum complex
石油コンビナート火災における消火活動
Rapid Reaction Force for Energy and Industrial Infrastructure
Disasters (Dragon Hyper Command Unit)
エネルギー・産業基盤災害即応部隊(ドラゴンハイパー・コマンドユニット)
Facilities including oil refineries and petrochemical industry
石油精製業や石油化学工業などの施設
Test extinguishing of a lithium-ion storage battery using a sprinkler system
スプリンクラー設備によるリチウムイオン蓄電池の消火実験
Trial testing oil tank inspection by drones
(Tomakomai-Tobu National Petroleum Stockpiling Base)
石油タンクのドローン点検に係る実証実験(苫小牧東部国家石油備蓄基地において)
Leakage of hazardous materials from an outside storage tank ‒ In the Great East Japan
Earthquake (courtesy of Sendai City Fire Bureau)
屋外タンク貯蔵所からの危険物が流出 / 東日本大震災(仙台市消防局提供)
消防庁では、リチウムイオン蓄電池を大量に貯蔵する場合等の安全対策について検討
を進めているほか、新たな物質の危険性の早期把握や、昨今の技術革新やデジタル化の
急速な進展に伴うドローンや IoT、AI などのデジタル技術を駆使した危険物施設におけ
る効果的な予防保全を行う「スマート保安化」の調査・検討等に取り組んでいます。
In recent years, the number of accidents that pertain to hazardous materials
has been increasing such as accidents caused by corrosion and deterioration
at aged hazardous materials facilities in Japan.
On the other hand, with the advancement of science and technology and
the industrial economy, hazardous materials are used for various purposes
in the daily lives of people, and it is necessary to promote safety measures
for hazardous materials in order to ensure the convenience and safety of the
people according to the needs of society.
FDMA is studying safety measures such as when storing large amounts
of lithium-ion batteries. We are also working to identify the dangers of
new substances at an early stage, and to investigate and research "smart
security" so that we can implement effective preventive maintenance at
hazardous materials facilities using digital technologies such as drones, IoT,
and AI in response to recent technological innovation and rapid progress in
digitalization.
我が国の危険物施設は高経年化が進み、腐食・劣化等を原因とする事故件数が増加す
るなど、近年、危険物等に係る事故は高い水準で推移しています。
一方で、科学技術や産業経済の進展に伴い、危険物は国民生活の中で様々な用途に用
いられており、社会のニーズに応じて国民の利便性と安全性を確保するため、危険物の
安全対策を進める必要があります。0100
平成14
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
15 16501540 554554580580598 603560560
522 536
585 573
573 564564599560560 571
571 564564609 598562562646331352352 359359392 375375434384360
360 357357396375375 367367396345345 356
356 369369403380380 375375422170170
188 195 188223169
169 176
176 162
162 179179189 198 188 203 215 215
195 206 218187224
17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 令和元年 2 3
(Year)
(cases)200300400500600700
(Note) In order to identify annual trends accident cases, only the number of accidents caused by
earthquakes with a seismic intensity higher than 6 Lower (or seismic intensity higher than 6 if
before September, 1996) are shown.
No. of leakage accident cases
Total no. of accident cases
No. of fire accident cases
■しかく Trends in number of fire and leakage accidents in hazardous materials facilities