Private
Public
Related Countries

Nepal

ETC Activities

The ETC was activated in 2015 following the 7.9 magnitude earthquake which struck the centre of the country.

Even before, and especially following, the quake Nepal had a well-established ICT Working Group, bringing together humanitarians, private sector and governmental bodies to coordinate emergency preparedness and response for the country. As global lead of the ETC, the World Food Programme (WFP) coordinates the ICT Working Group in Nepal.

Given this cooperative environment, an ETC2020 Pilot Project was conducted Nepal, focusing on Communications with Communities (CwC).

To participate in the ICT Working Group in Nepal, contact: Global.ETC@wfp.org

Country background
Country name
Nepal
Capital city
Kathmandu
Name of national disaster management agency

Nepal Centre for Disaster Management

Name of telecommunications ministry

Ministry of Communications and Information Technology

Name of telecommunications regulator

Nepal Telecommunications Authority

Population

29,136,808

Source: World Bank 2020

Country narrative

Nepal is a landlocked country of South Asia, located in the Himalayas between India and China. The terrain is generally mountainous and contains many of the world’s highest peaks, including Mount Everest (8,848 meters [m]). The country also has low-lying areas in the south with elevations less than 100 m. About 80% of the country’s 28 million inhabitants (2019) live in rural areas.Nepal’s climate varies considerably both seasonally and according to altitude. Nepal can be divided into different climate zones according to altitude, ranging from the Terai region in the south at less than 500 m above sea level to the High Himalayan region in the north at over 5,000 m. Average temperatures decline from a peak of over 24°C in the south down to sub-zero temperatures in Nepal’s highest mountains. Precipitation is spatially variable with some central and northerly pockets of the country receiving more than 3,000 millimeters (mm), the central and southern plains typically receiving 1,500 – 2,000 mm, and some high-altitude areas in the north receiving less than 1,000 mm.

Currency

Nepalese rupee

Key ICT statistics
GSMA mobile connectivity index score
3G coverage % of population
Regulations and rules
Regolations/Rules
Type of regulation
Disaster management
Description

The purpose of this law is to unify the law on reduction of disaster risks and management, and to keep physical infrastructures safe from natural and non-natural disasters by effectively coordinating and managing all activities on reduction of disaster risk and management.

Type of regulation
Telecommunications
Description

The purpose of this law is to make the Telecommunications service reliable and easily available to the public, involve private sector as well in Telecommunications Service and to regularise and systematize such service.

Policy name

Tampere Convention

Type of regulation
UAV
Policy name
Description

There are active drone regulation laws in Nepal.

Communications service providers
Mobile network operator (MNO)
Company name
Nepal Telecom
Parent company name (majority holding)
Nepal Doorsanchar Company Ltd.
Service description
CDMA, EV-DO 900 MHz GSM, GPRS 900/2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA, 3G, 4G, HSPA+ WiMAX 1800 MHz LTE-1800 MHz
Coverage map (provide URL)
-
Mobile network operator (MNO)
Company name
Ncell
GSMA HCC signatory
No
Parent company name (majority holding)
Axiata Group Berhad (80%)
Service description
GSM-900/1800 2100 MHz UMTS, 3G, 4G, HSDPA LTE-1800 MHz
Coverage map (provide URL)
-
Mobile network operator (MNO)
Company name
Smart Telecom
GSMA HCC signatory
No
Parent company name (majority holding)
Smart Telecom
Service description
3G, 4G, GSM 900/1800 GPRS 900/2100 LTE-1800 MHz
Coverage map (provide URL)
-
Start/End dates
2015/ 2016

The ETC2020 Project in Nepal focused on Communications as Aid and aimed to support government, humanitarian, media and private sector actors to develop a preparedness plan for an ICT response to future disasters, with a specific focus on enabling faster and better communication among communities in times of disaster.

Status
Completed

The ETC2020 Pilot Project in Nepal started in September 2015 with the aim of supporting government, humanitarian, media and private sector actors in Nepal to be better prepared for an ICT response to future disasters, with a specific focus on enabling faster and better communication among communities, and between communities and relevant aid actors, in times of disaster. The project looked at:

  • Mapping and communicating ‘lessons learned’ re. community ICT needs and gaps from the response to support programming and advocacy, refine project needs and develop a model for assessing and communicating ICT needs of communities in future emergencies.
  • Facilitating the development of an ICT emergency preparedness plan with local actors, including government, private sector (MNOs and ISPs), media/broadcasting agencies, humanitarian agencies and preparedness bodies), via a workshop during which local actors can coordinate activities, assess needs and gaps, establish priorities and produce a plan for emergency ICT to benefit communities.
  • Providing limited ICT support for humanitarian preparedness programming.

Two missions were conducted in Nepal to 1) assess requirements, 2) launch the in-country project.

The project team worked with the Nepal Government and WFP Nepal on ICT capacity mapping with a focus on community communication infrastructure. The project, and new ETC focus on communities, were launched at a Nepal ICT lessons learned event ‘INET’ in Kathmandu in March 2016.

A community communication events was held to highlight local initiatives (technology for community disaster communication) and support the implementation of selected projects via World Vision Nepal’s humanitarian response innovations lab in Kathmandu. The event was facilitated by an external innovations consultancy firm (‘What if’), which also aimed to build the capacity of local innovators in Nepal.

The project was led by the Global ETC cell and World Vision, in partnership with a number of organisations on the ground in Nepal.

Led by: Funded by:

Funding
Government of Luxembourg, Ministry for Development Cooperation & Humanitarian Affairs