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This page explains how to emulate other systems on a Debian system. Emulators allow one to use non-native applications written for systems like Windows, PlayStation, Super Nintendo, etc.
Note that emulation is different than Virtualization.
Windows
DOS
dosbox - A x86 emulator with CGA/VGA/SVGA graphics, sound and DOS
dosemu - DOS Emulator for Linux (Wiki page with some info on ?DosEmu)
Classic Mac OS and Mac OSX
basilisk2 - A m68k emulator which supports System 1 to Mac OS 8.1, depending on the ROM used
SheepShaver - (unpackaged) A powerpc emulator, which supports Mac OS 7.5 to Mac OS 9.0.4
QEMU (qemu) - An emulator, which supports Mac OS9 as well as the powerpc and x86 versions of Mac OSX
Unix, BSD and Linux on other architectures
Android
Waydroid - their repo is needed, runs with LXC, tested successfully on Debian 12.1. Init as root, run as user if error with Dbus, install iptables if error with waydroid-net.sh.
google-android-emulator-installer (contrib) - uses qemu, not well documented (easier to use google android studio which has a GUI to create a virtual device and so on).
anbox - Android in a box (obsolete packages)
Other computers
fs-uae - Amiga emulator, successor of uae
Gaming Consoles
Multi-consoles
mednafen - Emulator for Atari Lynx, Bandai Wonderswan, NEC Supergrafx, NEC PC-FX, NEC PC Engine, Nintendo NES, Super Nintendo/SNES, Game Boy Color/Advance, Sega Genesis/Mega Drive, SNK Neo Geo Pocket, Sony PlayStation (PSX)
retroarch - A GUI front end for emulating games from a variety of game systems.
Nintendo
fceux - all-in-one NES/Famicom Emulator
higan - Accurate Nintendo multi-system emulator
nestopia - NES/Famicom emulator
zsnes (i386 only) - SNES emulator
Mupen64Plus (mupen64plus-qt) - plugin-based Nintendo 64 emulator
cen64 - Cycle-Accurate Nintendo 64 Simulator
dolphin-emu - Gamecube and Wii emulator
desmume - Nintendo DS emulator
gnuboy - Game Boy Emulator
visualboyadvance - full featured Game Boy Advance emulator
Sega
Gens/GS - (unpackaged) Sega Mega Drive emulator
yabause - Sega Saturn Emulator
dgen - (non-free, i386 only) - Sega Genesis/MegaDrive emulator
Sony
Recommended :
DuckStation - (unpackaged, available as an ?AppImage, /!\ license issues) Playstation 1 emulator
PPSSPP - (unpackaged, available as an ?AppImage) PSP (Playstation Portable) emulator
PCSX2 (pcsx2) - (i386 only, but also available as an ?AppImage for amd64) ?PlayStation 2 emulator
Vita3K - (unpackaged, available as an ?AppImage) Playstation Vita emulator
rpcs3 - (unpackaged, available as an ?AppImage) Playstation 3 emulator
Kinda outdated, might lack support for easy (thanks to modern SDL) gamepad configuration, ROM formats support lacking, amongst other problems :
Other consoles
Mame - arcade machine emulator
stella - Atari 2600 emulator
virtualjaguar - Atari Jaguar emulator
xemu - (unpackaged) Original Xbox emulator