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Imports in __init__.py

This is my project structure (Python 3.5.1.):

a
├── b.py
└── __init__.py

Case 1

  • File b.py is empty.

  • File __init__.py is:

    print(b)

If we run import a, the output is:

NameError: name 'b' is not defined

Case 2

  • File b.py is empty.

  • File __init__.py is:

    import a.b
print(b)

If we run import a, the output is:

<module 'a.b' from '/tmp/a/b.py'>

Question

Why doesn't the program fail in Case 2?

Usually if we run import a.b then we can only reference it by a.b, not b. Hopefully somebody can help explain what's happening to the namespace in Case 2.

Answer*

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