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If your sub arrays contain only 1 items, you can use following code.

array_count_values(array_map('key', $array));

Here,

• array_count_values() Counts all the values of an array
• array_map() Applies the callback to the elements of the given arrays
• key() Fetch a key from an array

Ideone

###Update

As your are just looping its better you initialize $array before the loop and then add items to it. After the loop ends invoke array_count_values.

$array = array(); // initialize before loop
for(...){ /// sample loop
 // your original code
 $array[] = $grade; // add grades here
}
$grade_distribution = array_count_values($array); // count it
foreach($grade_distribution as $g => $count)
 echo "score for $g = $count\n";

If your sub arrays contain only 1 items, you can use following code.

array_count_values(array_map('key', $array));

Here,

• array_count_values() Counts all the values of an array
• array_map() Applies the callback to the elements of the given arrays
• key() Fetch a key from an array

Ideone

Update

As your are just looping its better you initialize $array before the loop and then add items to it. After the loop ends invoke array_count_values.

$array = array(); // initialize before loop
for(...){ /// sample loop
 // your original code
 $array[] = $grade; // add grades here
}
$grade_distribution = array_count_values($array); // count it
foreach($grade_distribution as $g => $count)
 echo "score for $g = $count\n";

If your sub arrays contain only 1 items, you can use following code.

array_count_values(array_map('key', $array));

Here,

• array_count_values() Counts all the values of an array
• array_map() Applies the callback to the elements of the given arrays
• key() Fetch a key from an array

Ideone

If your sub arrays contain only 1 items, you can use following code.

array_count_values(array_map('key', $array));

Here,

• array_count_values() Counts all the values of an array
• array_map() Applies the callback to the elements of the given arrays
• key() Fetch a key from an array

Ideone

###Update

As your are just looping its better you initialize $array before the loop and then add items to it. After the loop ends invoke array_count_values.

$array = array(); // initialize before loop
for(...){ /// sample loop
 // your original code
 $array[] = $grade; // add grades here
}
$grade_distribution = array_count_values($array); // count it
foreach($grade_distribution as $g => $count)
 echo "score for $g = $count\n";