Deploy Drupal on RamNode VPS

Server Requirements

• • RamNode VPS (Ubuntu 22.04 LTS recommended)
• • Domain name pointed to your server IP
• • SSH access to your server
• • At least 2GB RAM (4GB+ recommended for production)

Knowledge Requirements

• • Basic Linux command line skills
• • Understanding of web servers
• • Domain DNS management
• • Basic PHP/MySQL knowledge helpful

ssh root@your-server-ip

apt update && apt upgrade -y

apt install curl wget unzip software-properties-common apt-transport-https ca-certificates gnupg lsb-release -y

adduser drupaluser
usermod -aG sudo drupaluser
su - drupaluser

sudo apt install nginx -y

sudo systemctl start nginx
sudo systemctl enable nginx
sudo systemctl status nginx

sudo ufw allow 'Nginx Full'
sudo ufw allow OpenSSH
sudo ufw --force enable

sudo apt install mysql-server -y

sudo mysql_secure_installation

sudo mysql -u root -p

CREATE DATABASE drupal_db CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci;
CREATE USER 'drupal_user'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'strong_password_here';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON drupal_db.* TO 'drupal_user'@'localhost';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
EXIT;

sudo apt install php8.1-fpm php8.1-mysql php8.1-curl php8.1-gd php8.1-mbstring \
php8.1-xml php8.1-zip php8.1-intl php8.1-bcmath php8.1-soap \
php8.1-opcache php8.1-readline php8.1-common php8.1-cli php8.1-apcu -y

sudo nano /etc/php/8.1/fpm/php.ini

memory_limit = 512M
upload_max_filesize = 100M
post_max_size = 100M
max_execution_time = 300
max_input_vars = 5000
opcache.enable=1
opcache.memory_consumption=256
opcache.interned_strings_buffer=16
opcache.max_accelerated_files=10000
opcache.validate_timestamps=0
opcache.save_comments=1

sudo systemctl restart php8.1-fpm
sudo systemctl enable php8.1-fpm
sudo systemctl status php8.1-fpm

curl -sS https://getcomposer.org/installer | php
sudo mv composer.phar /usr/local/bin/composer
sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/composer

composer --version

sudo mkdir -p /var/www/html/your-domain.com
sudo chown -R $USER:www-data /var/www/html/your-domain.com

cd /var/www/html/your-domain.com
composer create-project drupal/recommended-project . --no-interaction

sudo chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www/html/your-domain.com
sudo chmod -R 755 /var/www/html/your-domain.com
sudo chmod -R 775 /var/www/html/your-domain.com/web/sites/default/files
sudo chmod 664 /var/www/html/your-domain.com/web/sites/default/settings.php

sudo nano /etc/nginx/sites-available/your-domain.com

server {
 listen 80;
 listen [::]:80;
 server_name your-domain.com www.your-domain.com;
 root /var/www/html/your-domain.com/web;
 index index.php index.html index.htm;
 client_max_body_size 100M;
 client_body_timeout 120s;
 location = /favicon.ico {
 log_not_found off;
 access_log off;
 }
 location = /robots.txt {
 allow all;
 log_not_found off;
 access_log off;
 }
 # Very rarely should these ever be accessed outside of your lan
 location ~* \.(txt|log)$ {
 allow 192.168.0.0/16;
 deny all;
 }
 location ~ \..*/.*\.php$ {
 return 403;
 }
 location ~ ^/sites/.*/private/ {
 return 403;
 }
 # Block access to scripts in site files directory
 location ~ ^/sites/[^/]+/files/.*\.php$ {
 deny all;
 }
 # Allow "Well-Known URIs" as per RFC 5785
 location ~* ^/.well-known/ {
 allow all;
 }
 # Block access to "hidden" files and directories whose names begin with a
 # period. This includes directories used by version control systems such
 # as Subversion or Git to store control files.
 location ~ (^|/)\. {
 return 403;
 }
 location / {
 try_files $uri /index.php?$query_string;
 }
 location @rewrite {
 rewrite ^/(.*)$ /index.php?q=1ドル;
 }
 # Don't allow direct access to PHP files in the vendor directory.
 location ~ /vendor/.*\.php$ {
 deny all;
 return 404;
 }
 # In Drupal 8, we must also match new paths where the '.php' appears in
 # the middle, such as update.php/selection. The rule we use is strict,
 # and only allows this pattern with the update.php front controller.
 # This allows legacy path aliases in the form of
 # blog/index.php/legacy-path to continue to route to Drupal nodes. If
 # you do not have any paths like that, then you might prefer to use a
 # laxer rule, such as:
 # location ~ \.php(/|$) {
 # The laxer rule will continue to work if Drupal uses this new URL
 # pattern with front controllers other than update.php in a future
 # release.
 location ~ '\.php$|^/update.php' {
 fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+?\.php)(|/.*)$;
 # Security note: If you're running a version of PHP older than the
 # latest 5.3, you should have "cgi.fix_pathinfo = 0;" in php.ini.
 # See http://serverfault.com/q/627903/94922 for details.
 include fastcgi_params;
 # Block httpoxy attacks. See https://httpoxy.org/.
 fastcgi_param HTTP_PROXY "";
 fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
 fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $fastcgi_path_info;
 fastcgi_param QUERY_STRING $query_string;
 fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
 fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php/php8.1-fpm.sock;
 }
 # Fighting with Styles? This little gem is amazing.
 location ~ ^/sites/.*/files/styles/ { # For Drupal >= 7
 try_files $uri @rewrite;
 }
 # Handle private files through Drupal. Private file's path can come
 # with a language prefix.
 location ~ ^(/[a-z\-]+)?/system/files/ { # For Drupal >= 7
 try_files $uri /index.php?$query_string;
 }
 location ~* \.(js|css|png|jpg|jpeg|gif|ico|svg)$ {
 expires 1y;
 add_header Cache-Control "public, immutable";
 log_not_found off;
 }
}

sudo ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/your-domain.com /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/
sudo nginx -t
sudo systemctl reload nginx

sudo apt install snapd -y
sudo snap install core; sudo snap refresh core
sudo snap install --classic certbot

sudo ln -s /snap/bin/certbot /usr/bin/certbot

sudo certbot --nginx -d your-domain.com -d www.your-domain.com

sudo nano /var/www/html/your-domain.com/web/sites/default/settings.php

$settings['reverse_proxy_trusted_headers'] = array('HTTP_X_FORWARDED_PROTO', 'HTTP_X_FORWARDED_PORT');

sudo certbot renew --dry-run

sudo nano /etc/nginx/nginx.conf

server_tokens off;

cd /var/www/html/your-domain.com
sudo chown -R www-data:www-data .
sudo find . -type d -exec chmod 755 {} \;
sudo find . -type f -exec chmod 644 {} \;
sudo chmod 444 web/sites/default/settings.php
sudo chmod -R 775 web/sites/default/files

cd /var/www/html/your-domain.com
composer require drupal/security_review
composer require drupal/seckit
composer require drupal/captcha

composer require drush/drush
vendor/bin/drush en security_review seckit captcha -y
vendor/bin/drush cr

sudo apt install redis-server -y
sudo systemctl enable redis-server
sudo systemctl start redis-server

cd /var/www/html/your-domain.com
composer require drupal/redis
vendor/bin/drush en redis -y

sudo nano /var/www/html/your-domain.com/web/sites/default/settings.php

// Redis configuration
$settings['redis.connection']['interface'] = 'PhpRedis';
$settings['redis.connection']['host'] = '127.0.0.1';
$settings['redis.connection']['port'] = 6379;
$settings['cache']['default'] = 'cache.backend.redis';
$settings['cache_prefix'] = 'drupal_';
// Always set the fast backend for bootstrap, discover and config, otherwise
// this gets lost when redis is enabled.
$settings['cache']['bins']['bootstrap'] = 'cache.backend.chainedfast';
$settings['cache']['bins']['discovery'] = 'cache.backend.chainedfast';
$settings['cache']['bins']['config'] = 'cache.backend.chainedfast';

composer require drupal/advagg
vendor/bin/drush en advagg -y
vendor/bin/drush cr

vendor/bin/drush cr