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維基數據/幫助

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This page is a translated version of the page Wikidata/Help and the translation is 67% complete.
本頁概要: 為了便於維護維基百科,現在用戶可以在語言側欄中,從維基數據的中央資料庫中獲取維基萬語連結。截止2013年2月,用戶通過一些重要的警告後,就可以安全地從文章中刪除在地的維基萬語連結。
為確保向維基數據的轉移順利進行:
  • 請確保你所移除的所有跨維基連結都已經在維基數據上;
  • 請在移除跨維基連結時後在編輯摘要中加入此頁面連結,以免被當作破壞;
  • 如果出現跨維基連結衝突(例如這個),請在此頁面列出。

維基數據 (Wikidata)是一個創建開放性、合作性的資料庫的維基計劃。 截至2013年2月,維基數據計劃正對獨立條目的跨語言連結移動到中央資料庫以便維護。

所有維基百科皆可以使用維基數據中存儲的跨語言連結。例如,跨語言連結d:Q42會顯示在en:Douglas Adams與fr:Douglas Adams頁面的左側欄。

未來,維基數據還會包含其他種類的有關信息,如信息框中的信息。

跨語言連結(第1階段)

維基數據第1階段:集成所有的跨語言連結
老式系統:各語言間的跨語言連結

每一個在維基數據具條目的維基百科頁面都把儲存於維基數據的跨語言連結顯示於頁面左側的跨語言連結欄內。位於頁面維基代碼內的傳統跨語言連結仍然是有效的,其只是簡單的覆蓋了來自維基數據對應語言的數據(如果存在的話)。

如果該頁面已被連結至維基數據,在除開該頁面維基代碼中出現的語言連結外,其則會顯示所有在維基數據列出的連結。在發生衝突或有意的情況下,會顯示存在差異的本地維基代碼連結和維基數據連結中的本地維基代碼連結;而維基數據中其餘語言的連結還會照常顯示。

如果該頁面未被連結至維基數據,則該頁面會和原先一樣,僅顯示其維基代碼中的連結。在某些情況下,維基數據可能已存在對應某頁面的項目,但英文維基百科的頁面尚未與之關聯。在日後維基數據的例行維護中會將其修復。

管理維基數據中的跨語言連結

新條目

  • 問1:我剛剛創建了一個名為「XEN」條目;我知道在德文/法文/斯瓦希里文維基百科中存在同一主題的條目,但其被稱為「XSW」。我該如何創建跨語言連結呢?
  • Go to XSW. On the left, there should be a list of interwiki links followed by a pen. Click on pen, this will take you to the Wikidata page (item) for XSW. Go to the bottom of the item, click on "add", fill in in the opened cases the language code (en for English) and the name of the article you created (XEN). Then click on "save". You are done.
    If the pen does not show up, go to Wikidata.
    In the main panel (in Vector interface, on the left) locate "Item by title".
    Click on "Item by title".
    On the resulting page, fill in the language code (for example, de for German) and the name of the page on the corresponding Wikipedia (XSW). Then click on Search.
    If the item already exists, go to the bottom of the item, click on "add", fill in in the opened cases the language code (en for English) and the name of the article you created (XEN). Then click on "save". You are done.
    If the item does not exist, create it by clicking on "create the item", filling in its name (XEN) and (preferably) a description of the item. Then add to the item the interlanguage links, as described above.
    If you are planning to add interlanguage links often, you may want to switch on the gadget "slurpInterwiki", available in your Wikidata gadgets. Once the gadget is on, and you are on the item page, click on "Import interwiki" on the menu on the left.
    At least for some time, the old way of adding interlanguage links (just adding them to the Wikipedia pages) will still work, but most likely fewer bots will be checking new articles, and the time until the links propagate to other articles will be longer.

已移動條目

  • 問2:我剛剛將頁面「YEN」移動至「NEY」,所有的跨語言連結都消失了。我該怎麼辦?
    按照問1的描述,前往維基數據找到YEN的數據項。
    在數據項頁面內找到跨維基連結,點擊編輯,用NEY替換掉YEN,然後保存。
    請注意,您移動的本地頁面可能需要幾分鐘才能調整過來。您可通過清除頁面緩存來跳過。

錯誤的跨維基連結

各語言維基百科中編輯維基數據頁面的灰色連結
  • 問3:我剛剛發現條目「ZEN」錯誤的連結到了德文/法文/斯瓦希里文維基百科中的「XSW」。我該如何修正?
    在條目「ZEN」頁面左側跨語言連結欄底部點擊灰色「編輯連結」(Edit links)按鈕。其會打開維基數據中「ZEN」對應的項目。
    在「連結到本項目的頁面列表」找到德文條目對應的「XSW」。
    點擊「編輯」,再點擊「刪除」(remove)。
    同理刪除其他語言的錯誤跨語言連結。
    如果在中文維基百科條目頁的跨語言連結欄中沒有出現灰色的編輯按鈕,則說明該條目未被加入維基數據中。則可參照「問1」添加。

合併跨語言連結

  • 問4:我剛剛發現「en:YEN」、「de:YDE」和「fr:YFR」三個條目連結在一起,而「cs:YCS」和「u:YHU」連接在一起。但實際上這五個條目都為同一主題。我該如何查找並合併維基數據中的項目?
    您可以參照「問1」中的方法找到這些項目——即您可以試試搜索d:Special:ItemByTitle/en/YEN和d:Special:ItemByTitle/cs/YCS;如果其並不能解決問題,則請試試搜索其餘的語言條目。在某些情況下,可能已為一個頁面創建了項目,但未被連結。
    如果您發現了兩個項目,可刪除其中一個項目的所有連結(通常選擇Q值較小的那個,但若該項目已被眾多頁面連結則亦可刪除另一個項目上的所有連結),然後請求刪除。
    如果您只發現了一個項目,則只需要缺少的連結。
    如果您未發現任何項目,則請參照「問1」的方法創建一個含有該五個連結的項目。
    一般情況下,您添加條目中缺少的跨語言連結,對姊妹計劃的編者及讀者來說都是極好的(維基數據現僅被部署於英文、匈牙利文、義大利文及希伯來文維基百科中)。當然這也不是必需的。維基數據將在2013年3月6日部署至所有語言的維基百科項目中。

遷移新的跨維基連結

  • 問5:在有維基數據項的條目中,很久以前機器人刪除了連結,但有人添加了斯瓦希里語的跨維基連結。 我該怎麼辦?
    檢查斯瓦希里語條目與該條目是否同一主題;
    如果是,將其視為向維基數據添加斯瓦希里語連結的請求,按照問1的方式處理。
    如果其不存在,刪除連結。

持續衝突

(追記) (追記ここまで)

遷移跨語言連結

如果某頁面本地的跨語言連結列表與維基數據中的列表完全匹配,則可以放心的將本地頁面內的跨語言連結移除。不註明理由的移除跨語言連接可能會被不知情的用戶視為破壞。所以為了避免這些跨語言連結被恢復,請在移除跨語言連結時在編輯摘要里說明,並最好連結至本頁面。

一般情況下,最好在該頁面被連結至維基數據後就立即移除本地的跨語言連結。(您可以註明該頁面已被「關聯」到維基數據,可點擊跨語言連結欄底部的按鈕進行編輯)。因為這些遺留的跨語言連結無法保持實時。當頁面中冗長的跨語言連結被移除時,頁面大小會明顯減少。但是在未核實跨語言連結是否被複製到維基數據之前,請不要移除頁面內的跨語言連結。移除工作現在由機器人(Addbot)操作,所以不需要手動完成。

自動遷移連結

使用pywiki框架的機器人至少應升級至pyrev:11073。使用其他框架或方法編輯跨維基連結的機器人應該停止運行,直至代碼修復前不應更改跨維基連結。詳見w:Wikipedia:Bot_owners'_noticeboard/Archive_8#Wikidata.。

半自動遷移連結

以下方法也可用於半自動地遷移跨語言連結,以降低手動遷移時的出錯率:

  • 您需要將以下JavaScript加入您的common.js頁。在編輯頁面時,點擊「remove interwikis」按鈕,即可將所有已被複製到維基數據的跨語言連結移除:
mw.loader.load('//www.wikidata.org/w/index.php?title=User:Yair_rand/checksitelinks.js&action=raw&ctype=text/javascript');
安裝後要使用檢查站點連結,請單擊編輯按鍵,然後轉到下拉菜單。(MonoBook皮膚中,標籤只顯示在頁面頂部,「取消監視」按鍵右側。
A screenshot of the slurpInterwiki interface. The button to initiate it, "Import interwiki", can be seen in the bottom left corner of the screen, along with several other gadget-generated buttons.
  • slurpInterwiki is a Wikidata gadget which can be used to semi-automatically pull in new links from the article. See the Wikidata gadgets panel.

手動遷移

以下為通過編輯來遷移跨語言連結的基本方法。

  1. Go to the Wikidata item. There are two manual methods to do this:
    • Click the grey "edit links" link at the bottom of the "Languages" bar
    • Go to d:Special:ItemByTitle and search for your page
  2. Compare the links with the article's
  3. Edit the links in Wikidata. This should be straightforward; each interlanguage wiki link has an [edit] next to it. Click that link exposes several forms:
    • The first is for the language code
    • The second is for the languages' link
    • Where the [edit] link was should now appear three options: save, remove, and cancel.
      • Save is used when you have completely finished changing the information in the entry
      • Remove completely removes the entry from the database
      • Cancel cancels the interaction with the interface
  4. Add any missing links in Wikidata if appropriate. This can be done by going to the bottom of the interlanguage wiki link list and clicking on "add link". This exposes mostly the same forms as a normal edit.
  5. Once all links are accounted for, preview a version of the article on Wikipedia with all interlanguage links removed, and compare it to the current version of the article. Look to see if there are any differences between the rendered text. If there are not, they may be removed safely. If there are differences, you should either not remove the links that differ, or, better yet, return to editing Wikidata, and then remove them from the article.

If you encounter any interwiki conflicts (most notably situations where you get an error message informing you that a link you've tried to add is already in use on another item), you can raise the issue at w:Wikipedia talk:Wikidata#Interwiki conflicts or d:Wikidata:Interwiki conflicts, though if you can think of a way to resolve it yourself, by all means please do.

If you run into any confusion in the process of transferring links from Wikipedia to Wikidata, feel free to drop by at d:Wikidata:Project Chat or ask for advice on IRC at #wikimedia-wikidata 連接 . You may also see the ""Any questions?" section below for more help.

相關信息

條目狀態符號

Good Articles and Featured Articles on other Wikipedias are indicated by a star beside the language link. This star is generated by a template. Since Wikidata does not store this information, these templates should not be removed. The corresponding language link itself may be removed.

Sometimes an interlanguage link includes an anchor, which is a link to a section of an article. The anchor is represented by the "#" character (e.g. [[fr:Analyse de survie#Fonction de survie]]). Such a link is used when the linked Wikipedia does not have an exactly corresponding article, but has an article that deals in part with the same subject. Wikidata's language links do not support anchors by design, so language links with anchors must be retained on Wikipedia if desired. For an example, see the end of the wikitext in the article w:Survival function: Wikidata is providing all of the language links—via d:Q2915096—except for the one to the French Wikipedia, which, since it is a section link, is instead listed locally in the article itself.

An individual article can completely suppress Wikidata links by using the {{noexternallanglinks}} magic word. The magic word also supports suppression of only specific languages, in the form "{{noexternallanglinks:es|fr|it}}", which would suppress the Spanish, French, and Italian links.

The Wikidata community agreed in an RFC that all namespaces of Wikipedia projects other than "User" are eligible for storage on Wikidata. This means that interwiki links for categories, templates, and Wikipedia policy pages can also be stored in Wikidata and removed locally if effected by both communities. For an example of a Wikidata item referring to the Wikipedia namespace, see item Q4167836, which refers to w:Wikipedia:Categories.

Inline interlanguage links (those of the format [[:<language>:<article>]]) continue to work as before and have not been changed by Wikidata. For instance, you can link the German version of this information page without in any way affecting its interlanguage links, here or on Wikidata. (Just remember to start with a colon!)

最近更改

Changes on Wikidata that relate to articles on this Wikipedia will show up in Recent Changes if the option is enabled by the user. See Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-rc.

Infoboxes (Phase 2)

Wikidata aims to hold information in many languages that can eventually be re-used on Wikipedias, particularly in infoboxes. The choice to use this information is left entirely to the Wikipedia community itself—future changes to the wiki software will only provide an option to retrieve information from Wikidata if desired. (For example, some wiki-text may ask for the atomic number of a chemical element, or the population of a country.) Wikidata will support citations for all data. This phase of the Wikidata project is a large one, and is still in development.

It is envisaged that articles will be able to incorporate facts from the corresponding Wikidata page using a {{#property:}} syntax, described at Wikidata/Notes/Inclusion syntax. Such transclusions will have to be added inline to articles explicitly on a page-by-page or template-by-template basis, either manually or by bots, and will not be attached automatically to articles in the way that Phase 1 interwiki links are.

有問題?

If you still have questions, or you would like some assistance from a user who speaks your language, you may try reading the links on the Main Page of Wikidata, especially the introduction, Help:Contents, the FAQ, and the glossary. If you would like to ask someone, you may go to the "project chat" in your language, and ask there. More technical questions can be asked on the "Contact the development team" page.

You may also visit #wikidata 連接 on IRC (freenode) for help. Note that the channel is publicly logged.

Below is a list of users who are willing to help, listed along with the languages they speak and the list of wikis on which they are admins.

Ambassadors for Wikidata
用戶名 IRC暱稱 使用的語言 Admin on
Ajraddatz ajr en-ca, fr-1 Wikidata
Dan Koehl DanKoehl sv, en-3, de-2, da-1, nb-1, nn-1 Wikispecies, Wikvoyage (Swedish)
Kaioduarte-TB kaioduarte pt-3, pt-BR-3
Esteban16 Esteban16 es, en-2, pt-1, it-1 Wikidata
FlyingAce FlyingAce es, en-5, de-1, it-1 Wikidata
Harmonia Amanda Harmonia_Amanda fr, en-2, es-2 Wikidata, Wikipédia francophone
HakanIST HakanIST tr, en-4, az-3, es-2, de-1 Wikidata, Turkish Wikipedia, Steward
Jon Harald Søby Jhs nb, en-4, nn-3, sv-3, da-2, de-2, sw-2, eo-1, es-1, ro-1 Norwegian (Bokmål) Wikipedia
koavf koavf en, es-2, de-1, pt-1 Wikidata, English Wikiquote, English Wiktionary, multilingual Wikisource, outreach, species, test projects
Legoktm Legoktm en, es-1, gu-1 MediaWiki.org, English Wikipedia
MisterSynergy MisterSynergy de-N, en-4 Wikidata
Mohammed Qays ar Wikidata, Arabic Wikipedia
Moheen Reeyad #MoheenReeyad 連接 bn-N, as-1, bpy-1, en-3, hi-1, hif-1 Bengali Wikipedia, Wikimedia Commons
PinkAmpersand PinkAmpersand (find me on #PinkAmpersand 連接 ) en, fr-3, es-1, it-1
Ricordisamoa it, en-2
Rschen7754 Rschen7754 en, es-2 Wikidata, English Wikipedia
Sjoerddebruin sjoerddebruin nl, en-3, de-1, fr-1 Wikidata, Dutch Wikipedia
Viswaprabha ml, en-3, hi-3, ta-2, sa-2,ar-1,ur-1 Malayalam Wikipedia, Malayalam Wiktionary
wd-Ryan en Wikidata
Yahya Yahya bn, en-2 Wikidata, Bangla Wikipedia, Bangla Wikivoyage
Aminwa 21 Aminwa 21 en
S8321414 zh-Hant-TW, nan-3, en-2, lzh-2 Wikidata, Chinese Wikivoyage
WikiBayer bar, de4 Wikidata, Bavarian Wikipedia, metawiki, Global Sysop


參見

外部連結

AltStyle によって変換されたページ (->オリジナル) /