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Commit ebc42d9

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feat: add redis-hash-shorten-url.md
利用 Redis Hash 实现短网址服务
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‎README.md

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### 3. [Set 集合](/docs/redis-set-introduction.md)
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### 4. [Sorted Sets 有序集合](/docs/redis-sorted-set-introduction.md)
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- [社交网站经常会有粉丝关注的功能,用 Redis 怎么实现?](/docs/redis-sorted-set-sns-follow.md)
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- [社交网站通常会有粉丝关注的功能,用 Redis 怎么实现?](/docs/redis-sorted-set-sns-follow.md)
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### 5. [Hash 哈希](/docs/redis-hash-introduction.md)
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- [登录会话,用 Redis 该怎么做?](/docs/redis-hash-session-token.md)
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- [如何使用 Redis 实现短网址服务?](/docs/redis-hash-shorten-url.md)
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### 6. [HyperLogLog](/docs/redis-hyperLogLog-introduction.md)
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‎docs/redis-hash-shorten-url.md

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# 利用 Redis 哈希实现短网址
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## 代码实现
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| [Python](#Python-版本) | [Java](#Java-版本) |
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|---|---|
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### Python 版本
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```python
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from redis import Redis
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# 10进制数转换为36进制字符串
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def base10_to_base36(number: int) -> str:
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alphabets = '0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ'
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result = ''
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while number != 0:
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number, i = divmod(number, 36)
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result = alphabets[i] + result
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return result or alphabets[0]
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URL_HASH_SHORT_SOURCE_KEY = 'url_hash:short_source'
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ID_COUNTER = 'short_url:id_counter'
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class URLShorten:
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def __init__(self, client: Redis):
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self.client = client
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# 设置初始ID值,保留1-5位的短码,从6位的短码开始生成
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self.client.set(ID_COUNTER, 36 ** 5 - 1)
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def shorten(self, source_url: str) -> str:
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"""对源网址进行缩短,返回短网址ID"""
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new_id = self.client.incr(ID_COUNTER)
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short_id = base10_to_base36(new_id)
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self.client.hset(URL_HASH_SHORT_SOURCE_KEY, short_id, source_url)
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return short_id
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def restore(self, short_id: str) -> str:
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"""根据短网址ID,返回对应的源网址"""
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return self.client.hget(URL_HASH_SHORT_SOURCE_KEY, short_id)
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if __name__ == '__main__':
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redis = Redis(decode_responses=True)
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url_shorten = URLShorten(redis)
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short_id = url_shorten.shorten('https://github.com/yanglbme')
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print(short_id) # 100000
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source_url = url_shorten.restore(short_id)
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print(source_url) # https://github.com/yanglbme
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print(url_shorten.shorten('https://doocs.github.io')) # 100001
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```
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### Java 版本
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```java
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import redis.clients.jedis.Jedis;
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public class URLShorten {
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private Jedis client;
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private final String URL_HASH_SHORT_SOURCE_KEY = "url_hash:short_source";
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private final String ID_COUNTER = "short_url:id_counter";
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/**
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* 将10进制数转换为36进制字符串
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*
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* @param number 10进制数
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* @return 36进制字符串
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*/
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private String base10ToBase36(long number) {
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String alphabets = "0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ";
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char[] chars = alphabets.toCharArray();
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StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder();
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while (number != 0) {
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int i = (int) number % 36;
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number /= 36;
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result.insert(0, chars[i]);
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}
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return result.toString();
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}
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public URLShorten(Jedis client) {
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this.client = client;
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// 设置初始ID值,保留1-5位的短码,从6位的短码开始生成
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this.client.set(ID_COUNTER, String.valueOf((long) Math.pow(36, 5) - 1));
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}
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/**
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* 对源网址进行缩短,返回短网址ID
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*
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* @param sourceUrl 源网址
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* @return 短网址ID
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*/
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public String shorten(String sourceUrl) {
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long newId = client.incr(ID_COUNTER);
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String shortId = base10ToBase36(newId);
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client.hset(URL_HASH_SHORT_SOURCE_KEY, shortId, sourceUrl);
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return shortId;
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}
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/**
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* 根据短网址ID,返回对应的源网址
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*
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* @param shortId 短网址ID
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* @return 源网址
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*/
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public String restore(String shortId) {
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return client.hget(URL_HASH_SHORT_SOURCE_KEY, shortId);
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}
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public static void main(String[] args) {
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Jedis client = new Jedis();
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URLShorten urlShorten = new URLShorten(client);
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String shortId = urlShorten.shorten("https://github.com/yanglbme");
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System.out.println(shortId); // 100000
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String sourceUrl = urlShorten.restore(shortId);
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System.out.println(sourceUrl); // https://github.com/yanglbme
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System.out.println(urlShorten.shorten("https://doocs.github.io")); // 100001
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}
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}
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```

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