@@ -25,6 +25,8 @@ These CPython calls are the most useful:
2525 `PyErr_Occurred() documentation <https://docs.python.org/3/c-api/exceptions.html#c.PyErr_Occurred >`_
2626* ``PyErr_Clear() `` - Clearing any set exceptions, have good reason to do this!
2727 `PyErr_Clear() documentation <https://docs.python.org/3/c-api/exceptions.html#c.PyErr_Clear >`_
28+ * ``PyErr_Print() `` - Print a representation of the current exception then clear any set exceptions.
29+ `PyErr_Print() documentation <https://docs.python.org/3.13/c-api/exceptions.html#c.PyErr_Print >`_
2830
2931Indicating an error condition is a two stage process; your code must register an exception and then indicate failure
3032by returning ``NULL ``. Here is a C function doing just that:
@@ -169,9 +171,10 @@ The following C code is equivalent to the Python code:
169171 class SpecialisedError (ExceptionBase ):
170172 pass
171173
172- This can be done quite easily using either the ``PyErr_NewException `` or the ``PyErr_NewExceptionWithDoc `` functions.
173- These create new exception classes that can be added to a module.
174- For example:
174+ Declaring Specialised Exceptions
175+ ---------------------------------
176+ 177+ Firstly declare the ``PyObject * `` exception:
175178
176179.. code-block :: c
177180
@@ -182,6 +185,11 @@ For example:
182185
183186 /* NOTE: Functions that might raise one of these exceptions will go here. See below. */
184187
188+
189+
190+ Example Module
191+ -----------------------------------
192+ 185193Now define the module, ``cExceptions_methods `` is explained later:
186194
187195.. code-block :: c
@@ -195,7 +203,12 @@ Now define the module, ``cExceptions_methods`` is explained later:
195203 NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL,
196204 };
197205
198- Initialise the module, this registers the exception types and the class hierarchy:
206+ Initialising Specialised Exceptions
207+ -----------------------------------
208+ 209+ This can be done quite easily using either the ``PyErr_NewException `` or the ``PyErr_NewExceptionWithDoc `` functions.
210+ These create new exception classes that can be added to a module.
211+ For example, initialise the module, this registers the exception types and the class hierarchy:
199212
200213.. code-block :: c
201214
@@ -246,6 +259,9 @@ Initialise the module, this registers the exception types and the class hierarch
246259 return m;
247260 }
248261
262+ Raising Specialise Exceptions
263+ -----------------------------
264+ 249265To illustrate how you raise one of these exceptions suppose we have a function to test raising one of these exceptions:
250266
251267.. code-block :: c
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