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Commit 082d91c

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Merge pull request #18 from yash1rj/master
OOPS Concepts
2 parents 4563e05 + 2a64379 commit 082d91c

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‎docs/OOPS/Accessing_pvt_var1.py‎

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'''
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When we put a double underscore in front of the attribute name, python will internally change its name to _Classname__attribute.
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Since we know that the name of the variable changes when we make it private, we can access it using its modified name as shown below:
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'''
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class Customer:
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def __init__(self, cust_id, name, age, wallet_balance):
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self.cust_id = cust_id
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self.name = name
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self.age = age
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self.__wallet_balance = wallet_balance
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def update_balance(self, amount):
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if amount < 1000 and amount > 0:
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self.__wallet_balance += amount
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def show_balance(self):
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print ("The balance is ",self.__wallet_balance)
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c1=Customer(100, "Gopal", 24, 1000)
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c1._Customer__wallet_balance = 10000000000
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c1.show_balance()

‎docs/OOPS/Accessing_pvt_var2.py‎

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'''
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To have a error free way of accessing and updating private variables, we create specific methods for this.
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Those methods which are meant to set a value to a private variable are called setter methods and methods
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meant to access private variable values are called getter methods.
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The below code is an example of getter and setter methods:
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'''
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class Customer:
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def __init__(self, id, name, age, wallet_balance):
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self.id = id
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self.name = name
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self.age = age
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self.__wallet_balance = wallet_balance
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def set_wallet_balance(self, amount):
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if amount < 1000 and amount> 0:
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self.__wallet_balance = amount
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def get_wallet_balance(self):
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return self.__wallet_balance
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c1=Customer(100, "Gopal", 24, 1000)
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c1.set_wallet_balance(120)
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print(c1.get_wallet_balance())

‎docs/OOPS/Behavior_in_class.py‎

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'''
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We can access an attribute in a method by using self.
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Value of the attribute accessed inside the method is determined by the object used to invoke the method.
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For example, in the code below when we invoke purchase using mob1, attribute values (Apple and 20000) of mob1 are accessed.
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Similarly, when mob2 is used to invoke purchase, attribute values (Samsung and 3000) of mob2 are accessed in purchase().
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'''
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class Mobile:
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def __init__(self, brand, price):
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print("Inside constructor")
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self.brand = brand
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self.price = price
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def purchase(self):
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print("Purchasing a mobile")
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print("This mobile has brand", self.brand, "and price", self.price)
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print("Mobile-1")
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mob1=Mobile("Apple", 20000)
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mob1.purchase()
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print("Mobile-2")
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mob2=Mobile("Samsung",3000)
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mob2.purchase()

‎docs/OOPS/Classes and Objects.md‎

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Objects are real world entities. Anything you can describe in this world is an object.
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Classes on the other hand are not real. They are just a concept. Class is a short form of Classification.
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A class is a classification of certain objects and it is just a description of the properties and behavior all objects of that classification should possess.
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Class is a like a recipe and the object is like the cupcake we bake using it.
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All cupcakes created from a recipe share similar characteristics like shape, sweetness, etc.
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But they are all unique as well. One cupcake may have strawberry frosting while another might have vanilla.
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Similarly, objects of a class share similar characteristics but they differ in their values for those characteristics.
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A class is defined using the class keyword in python. For example, the below code creates a class called Mobile
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without any attributes or behavior.
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class Mobile:
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pass
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‎docs/OOPS/Constructor1.py‎

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class Mobile:
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def __init__(self, brand, price):
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print("Inside constructor")
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self.brand = brand
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self.price = price
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mob1=Mobile("Apple", 20000)
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print("Mobile 1 has brand", mob1.brand, "and price", mob1.price)
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mob2=Mobile("Samsung",3000)
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print("Mobile 2 has brand", mob2.brand, "and price", mob2.price)

‎docs/OOPS/Encapsulation.py‎

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'''
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We can put a lock on that data by adding a double underscore in front of it.
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Adding a double underscore makes the attribute a private attribute.
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Private attributes are those which are accessible only inside the class.
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This method of restricting access to our data is called encapsulation.
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'''
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class Customer:
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def __init__(self, cust_id, name, age, wallet_balance):
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self.cust_id = cust_id
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self.name = name
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self.age = age
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self.__wallet_balance = wallet_balance
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def update_balance(self, amount):
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if amount < 1000 and amount > 0:
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self.__wallet_balance += amount
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def show_balance(self):
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print ("The balance is ",self.__wallet_balance)
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c1=Customer(100, "Gopal", 24, 1000)
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print(c1.__wallet_balance)

‎docs/OOPS/Printing_objects.py‎

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'''
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For a readable output when printing an object we can use the inbuilt special __str__ method.
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This method MUST return a string and this string will be used when the object is printed.
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This is useful in debugging as we can print the values of the attributes
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'''
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class Shoe:
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def __init__(self, price, material):
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self.price = price
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self.material = material
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def __str__(self):
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return "Shoe with price: " + str(self.price) + " and material: " + self.material
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s1=Shoe(1000, "Canvas")
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print(s1)

‎docs/OOPS/Shopping_app.py‎

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class Mobile:
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def __init__(self, brand, price):
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print("Inside the Mobile constructor")
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self.brand = brand
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self.price = price
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self.total_price = None
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def purchase(self):
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if self.brand == "Apple":
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discount = 10
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else:
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discount = 5
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self.total_price = self.price - self.price * discount / 100
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print("Total price of", self.brand, "mobile is", self.total_price)
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def return_product(self):
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print("Refund Amount for", self.brand, "mobile is", self.total_price)
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class Shoe:
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def __init__(self, material, price):
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print("Inside the Shoe constructor")
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self.material = material
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self.price = price
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self.total_price = None
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def purchase(self):
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if self.material == "leather":
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tax = 5
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else:
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tax = 2
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self.total_price = self.price + self.price * tax / 100
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print("Total price of", self.material, "shoe is", self.total_price)
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def return_product(self):
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print("Refund Amount for", self.material, "shoe is", self.total_price)
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mob1=Mobile("Apple", 20000)
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mob2=Mobile("Samsung", 10000)
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shoe1=Shoe("leather",3000)
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shoe2=Shoe("canvas",200)
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mob1.purchase()
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mob2.purchase()
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shoe1.purchase()
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shoe2.purchase()
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mob2.return_product()
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shoe1.return_product()

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