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| 1 | +const { MongoClient } = require('mongodb'); |
| 2 | + |
| 3 | +// In MongoDB 4.2 and earlier, CRUD operations in transactions must be on existing collections |
| 4 | +// See https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/core/transactions/#transactions-api for more information |
| 5 | + |
| 6 | +// Before running this script... |
| 7 | +// 1. Create a database named 'book-store' |
| 8 | +// 2. Create a collection named 'orders' in the database |
| 9 | +// 3. Create a collection named 'inventory' in the database |
| 10 | +// 3. Create a document in the 'inventory' collection: |
| 11 | +// { "_id": "parks-rec-book", "name": "The Ultimate Parks and Rec Book for the Ultimate Fans", "numberInStock": 5 } |
| 12 | +// 4: Optional: Add schema validation to the 'inventory' collection to ensure the number of items in stock cannot drop below 0. |
| 13 | +// See https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/core/schema-validation/ for details on how to |
| 14 | +// enable schema validation. Configuring schema validation in MongoDB Compass is an |
| 15 | +// easy way to add schema validation to an existing database: https://docs.mongodb.com/compass/current/validation/ |
| 16 | +// |
| 17 | +// { |
| 18 | +// $jsonSchema: { |
| 19 | +// properties: { |
| 20 | +// numberInStock: { |
| 21 | +// minimum: 0, |
| 22 | +// description: 'numberInStock cannot be negative' |
| 23 | +// } |
| 24 | +// } |
| 25 | +// } |
| 26 | +// } |
| 27 | + |
| 28 | +async function main() { |
| 29 | + /** |
| 30 | + * Connection URI. Update <username>, <password>, and <your-cluster-url> to reflect your cluster. |
| 31 | + * See https://docs.mongodb.com/drivers/node/ for more details |
| 32 | + */ |
| 33 | + const uri = "mongodb+srv://<username>:<password>@<your-cluster-url>/book-store?retryWrites=true&w=majority"; |
| 34 | + |
| 35 | + /** |
| 36 | + * The Mongo Client you will use to interact with your database |
| 37 | + * See https://mongodb.github.io/node-mongodb-native/3.6/api/MongoClient.html for more details |
| 38 | + */ |
| 39 | + const client = new MongoClient(uri); |
| 40 | + |
| 41 | + try { |
| 42 | + // Connect to the MongoDB cluster |
| 43 | + await client.connect(); |
| 44 | + |
| 45 | + // User1 purchases 1 copy of parks-rec-book |
| 46 | + await purchaseBook(client, "User1", "parks-rec-book", 1, "paid"); |
| 47 | + |
| 48 | + } finally { |
| 49 | + // Close the connection to the MongoDB cluster |
| 50 | + await client.close(); |
| 51 | + } |
| 52 | +} |
| 53 | + |
| 54 | +main().catch(console.error); |
| 55 | + |
| 56 | +/** |
| 57 | + * Purchase a book |
| 58 | + * @param {MongoClient} client A MongoClient that is connected to a cluster with the book-store database |
| 59 | + * @param {String} userId The _id of the user who is purchasing the book |
| 60 | + * @param {String} bookId The _id of the book being purchased |
| 61 | + * @param {Number} quantity The number of copies being purchased |
| 62 | + * @param {String} status The order status |
| 63 | + */ |
| 64 | +async function purchaseBook(client, userId, bookId, quantity, status) { |
| 65 | + |
| 66 | + /** |
| 67 | + * The orders collection in the book-store database |
| 68 | + */ |
| 69 | + const ordersCollection = client.db("book-store").collection("orders"); |
| 70 | + |
| 71 | + /** |
| 72 | + * The inventory collection in the book-store database |
| 73 | + */ |
| 74 | + const inventoryCollection = client.db("book-store").collection("inventory"); |
| 75 | + |
| 76 | + // Step 1: Start a Client Session |
| 77 | + // See https://mongodb.github.io/node-mongodb-native/3.6/api/MongoClient.html#startSession for the startSession() docs |
| 78 | + const session = client.startSession(); |
| 79 | + |
| 80 | + // Step 2: Optional. Define options for the transaction |
| 81 | + const transactionOptions = { |
| 82 | + readPreference: 'primary', |
| 83 | + readConcern: { level: 'local' }, |
| 84 | + writeConcern: { w: 'majority' } |
| 85 | + }; |
| 86 | + |
| 87 | + try { |
| 88 | + // Step 3: Use withTransaction to start a transaction, execute the callback, and commit (or abort on error) |
| 89 | + // Note: The callback for withTransaction MUST be async and/or return a Promise. |
| 90 | + // See https://mongodb.github.io/node-mongodb-native/3.6/api/ClientSession.html#withTransaction for the withTransaction() docs |
| 91 | + const transactionResults = await session.withTransaction(async () => { |
| 92 | + |
| 93 | + // Important:: You must pass the session to each of the operations |
| 94 | + |
| 95 | + // Update the inventory to reflect the book has been sold |
| 96 | + const updateInventoryResults = await inventoryCollection.updateOne( |
| 97 | + { _id: bookId }, |
| 98 | + { $inc: { numberInStock: quantity * -1 } }, |
| 99 | + { session }); |
| 100 | + console.log(`${updateInventoryResults.matchedCount} document(s) found in the inventory collection with _id ${bookId}.`); |
| 101 | + console.log(`${updateInventoryResults.modifiedCount} document(s) was/were updated.`); |
| 102 | + if (updateInventoryResults.modifiedCount !== 1) { |
| 103 | + await session.abortTransaction(); |
| 104 | + return; |
| 105 | + } |
| 106 | + |
| 107 | + // Record the order in the orders collection |
| 108 | + const insertOrderResults = await ordersCollection.insertOne( |
| 109 | + { "userId": userId , bookId: bookId, quantity: quantity, status: status }, |
| 110 | + { session }); |
| 111 | + console.log(`New order recorded with the following id: ${insertOrderResults.insertedId}`); |
| 112 | + |
| 113 | + }, transactionOptions); |
| 114 | + |
| 115 | + if (transactionResults) { |
| 116 | + console.log("The order was successfully processed. Database operations from the transaction are now visible outside the transaction."); |
| 117 | + } else { |
| 118 | + console.log("The order was not successful. The transaction was intentionally aborted."); |
| 119 | + } |
| 120 | + } catch (e) { |
| 121 | + console.log("The order was not successful. The transaction was aborted due to an unexpected error: " + e); |
| 122 | + } finally { |
| 123 | + // Step 4: End the session |
| 124 | + await session.endSession(); |
| 125 | + } |
| 126 | + |
| 127 | +} |
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