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Commit 0025263

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Day 10 - Files - Create Read & Download
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‎tutorial-reference/Day 10/Reference.md

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In general, to create or retrieve a file on your local system you must use the `open` command. Open has a few different "modes" so let's go through them now.
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## 1 Create a file with the `w` mode
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`w` means write as in write-mode. First let's define a random path to a filename that does not yet exist.
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```python
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to_save_dir = "/path/to/save/in/"
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filename = "myfilename.txt"
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full_path = to_save_dir + filename
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```
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Now let's `open()` that path so we can save it.
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```python
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with open(full_path, 'w') as file_object:
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file_object.write("Hello world")
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```
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If we don't want to use `with` we just have to explicitly `close` the `open` call.
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```python
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file_object = open(full_path, 'w')
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file_object.write("Hello World")
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file_object.save()
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```
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## 2 Open a file with the `r` mode
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`r` means write as in write-mode. First let's define a random path to a filename that already exists (we created it above).
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```python
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to_save_dir = "/path/to/save/in/"
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filename = "myfilename.txt"
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full_path = to_save_dir + filename
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```
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```python
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with open(full_path, 'r') as file_object:
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contents = file_object.read()
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print(contents)
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```
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If we don't want to use `with` we just have to explicitly `close` the `open` call.
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```python
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file_object = open(full_path, 'r')
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contents = file_object.read()
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print(contents)
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contents.close()
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```
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## 3 Download files
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```python
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def download_file(url, directory, fname=None):
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if fname == None:
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fname = os.path.basename(url)
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dl_path = os.path.join(directory, fname)
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with requests.get(url, stream=True) as r:
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with open(dl_path, 'wb') as f:
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shutil.copyfileobj(r.raw, f)
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return new_dl_path
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```
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import os
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import requests
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import shutil
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from download_util import download_file
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THIS_FILE_PATH = os.path.abspath(__file__)
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BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(THIS_FILE_PATH)
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DOWNLOADS_DIR = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "downloads")
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os.makedirs(DOWNLOADS_DIR, exist_ok=True)
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downloaded_img_path = os.path.join(DOWNLOADS_DIR, '1.jpg')
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url = "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Classic_view_of_a_cloudfree_Peyto_Lake%2C_Banff_National_Park%2C_Alberta%2C_Canada_%284110933448%29.jpg/330px-Classic_view_of_a_cloudfree_Peyto_Lake%2C_Banff_National_Park%2C_Alberta%2C_Canada_%284110933448%29.jpg"
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# a smallish item
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r = requests.get(url, stream=True)
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r.raise_for_status() # 200
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with open(downloaded_img_path, 'wb') as f:
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f.write(r.content)
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# dl_filename = os.path.basename(url)
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# new_dl_path = os.path.join(DOWNLOADS_DIR, dl_filename)
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# with requests.get(url, stream=True) as r:
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# with open(new_dl_path, 'wb') as file_obj:
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# shutil.copyfileobj(r.raw, file_obj)
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download_file(url, DOWNLOADS_DIR)
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import os
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import requests
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import shutil
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def download_file(url, directory, fname=None):
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if fname == None:
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fname = os.path.basename(url)
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dl_path = os.path.join(directory, fname)
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with requests.get(url, stream=True) as r:
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with open(dl_path, 'wb') as f:
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shutil.copyfileobj(r.raw, f)
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return new_dl_path
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def download_file_slower(url):
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local_filename = url.split('/')[-1]
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# NOTE the stream=True parameter below
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with requests.get(url, stream=True) as r:
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r.raise_for_status()
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with open(local_filename, 'wb') as f:
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for chunk in r.iter_content(chunk_size=8192):
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if chunk: # filter out keep-alive new chunks
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f.write(chunk)
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# f.flush()
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return local_filename
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import os
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this_file_path = os.path.abspath(__file__)
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# print(this_file_path)
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BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(this_file_path)
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ENTIRE_PROJECT_DIR = os.path.dirname(BASE_DIR)
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# print(BASE_DIR, ENTIRE_PROJECT_DIR)
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email_txt = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "templates", "email.txt")
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content = ""
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with open(email_txt, 'r') as f:
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content = f.read()
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print(content.format(name='Justin'))
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Hello world again

‎tutorial-reference/Day 10/images/0.txt

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Hello world

‎tutorial-reference/Day 10/images/1.txt

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Hello world

‎tutorial-reference/Day 10/images/10.txt

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Hello world

‎tutorial-reference/Day 10/images/11.txt

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Hello world

‎tutorial-reference/Day 10/images/2.txt

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Hello world

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