|
| 1 | +''' |
| 2 | +Exercise 18: Cows And Bulls |
| 3 | + |
| 4 | +Create a program that will play the "cows and bulls" |
| 5 | +game with the user. The game works like this: |
| 6 | + |
| 7 | +Randomly generate a 4-digit number. Ask the user to |
| 8 | +guess a 4-digit number. For every digit that the user |
| 9 | +guessed correctly in the correct place, they have a |
| 10 | +"cow". For every digit the user guessed correctly in |
| 11 | +the wrong place is a "bull." Every time the user makes |
| 12 | +a guess, tell them how many "cows" and "bulls" they |
| 13 | +have. Once the user guesses the correct number, the |
| 14 | +game is over. Keep track of the number of guesses the |
| 15 | +user makes throughout teh game and tell the user at |
| 16 | +the end. |
| 17 | + |
| 18 | +Say the number generated by the computer is 1038. An |
| 19 | +example interaction could look like this: |
| 20 | + |
| 21 | + Welcome to the Cows and Bulls Game! |
| 22 | + Enter a number: |
| 23 | + >>> 1234 |
| 24 | + 2 cows, 0 bulls |
| 25 | + >>> 1256 |
| 26 | + 1 cow, 1 bull |
| 27 | + ... |
| 28 | + |
| 29 | +Until the user guesses the number. |
| 30 | + |
| 31 | +''' |
| 32 | + |
| 33 | +# Solution |
| 34 | +def initiation(): |
| 35 | + """ |
| 36 | + Set all the parameter needed. |
| 37 | + |
| 38 | + Returns: |
| 39 | + guess_log -- a empty list container of all the guesses. |
| 40 | + answer -- a 4-digital number string of right answer. |
| 41 | + """ |
| 42 | + import random |
| 43 | + |
| 44 | + print('Welcome to the Cows and Bulls Game!') |
| 45 | + guess_log = [''] |
| 46 | + answer = random.randint(0,9999) |
| 47 | + answer = '{0:04d}'.format(answer) |
| 48 | + return guess_log, answer |
| 49 | + |
| 50 | +def get_guess(guess_log): |
| 51 | + """ |
| 52 | + Append a new guess to the previous log. |
| 53 | + |
| 54 | + Arguments: |
| 55 | + guess_log -- a list contain all the guess(es). |
| 56 | + |
| 57 | + Returns: |
| 58 | + guess_log -- a list contain all the guess(es). |
| 59 | + """ |
| 60 | + guess = input('Enter a number:') |
| 61 | + guess_log.append(guess) |
| 62 | + return guess_log |
| 63 | + |
| 64 | +def compare(guess, answer): |
| 65 | + """ |
| 66 | + Compare guess and answer |
| 67 | + |
| 68 | + Arguments: |
| 69 | + guess -- a 4-digital number string of the guess. |
| 70 | + answer -- a 4-digital number string of right answer. |
| 71 | + |
| 72 | + Returns: |
| 73 | + cow -- a number of the user guessed correctly in the correct place. |
| 74 | + bull -- a number of the user guessed correctly in the wrong place. |
| 75 | + """ |
| 76 | + cow = 0 |
| 77 | + bull = 0 |
| 78 | + for i in range(len(guess)): |
| 79 | + if guess[i] == answer[i]: |
| 80 | + cow += 1 |
| 81 | + if guess[i] in answer: |
| 82 | + bull += 1 |
| 83 | + bull = bull - cow |
| 84 | + return cow, bull |
| 85 | + |
| 86 | +def main(): |
| 87 | + guess_log, answer = initiation() |
| 88 | + while guess_log[-1] != answer: |
| 89 | + guess_log = get_guess(guess_log) |
| 90 | + cow, bull = compare(guess_log[-1], answer) |
| 91 | + print('{} cows, {} bulls'.format(cow, bull)) |
| 92 | + print('Your are right! After {} guess(es) you finally get it!\nYour logs:'.format(len(guess_log)-1), guess_log[1:]) |
| 93 | + |
| 94 | +if __name__ == "__main__": |
| 95 | + main() |
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