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Commit cf56c51

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zhangyanqiang
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Site updated: 2018年09月18日 16:17:39
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‎2018/09/09/进程和线程的区别/index.html

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<meta name="description" content="本文对比操作系统中比较容易混淆的概念进程和线程,主要从如下几个方面来对比 举例对比二者区别 进程介绍 线程介绍 二者的区别和联系 总结 多任务操作系统简介 先给出结论: 进程是资源分配的基本单位,线程是调度的基本单位。进程包含线程,线程共用进程的资源 引用知乎上某大神的答案如下:进程和线程都是一个时间段的描述,是CPU工作时间段的描述。">
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<meta property="og:url" content="https://github.com/Richard-zhang-iOS/Richard-zhang-iOS.github.io/2018/09/09/进程和线程的区别/index.html">
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<a href="/tags/进程/" rel="tag"># 进程</a>
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<a href="/tags/线程/" rel="tag"># 线程</a>
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<a href="/tags/进程/" rel="tag"># 进程</a>
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‎2018/09/18/多线程基础概念 /index.html

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<meta name="description" content="本文主要对比了iOS多线程编程中所涉及的一些概念 进程 vs. 线程 同步 vs. 异步 串行 vs. 并发 并行 vs. 并发 任务 vs. 队列 队列 vs. 线程 同步 vs. 互斥">
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<meta name="description" content="本文主要对比了iOS多线程编程中所涉及的一些概念 进程 vs. 线程 同步 vs. 异步 串行 vs. 并发 并行 vs. 并发 任务 vs. 队列 队列 vs. 线程 同步 vs. 互斥 异步 + 串行 异步 + 并发 同步 + 串行(很少使用、可能死锁) 同步 + 并发(很少使用)">
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<meta property="og:title" content="多线程基础概念">
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<meta property="og:site_name" content="Richard-zhang-iOS的博客">
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<meta property="og:description" content="本文主要对比了iOS多线程编程中所涉及的一些概念 进程 vs. 线程 同步 vs. 异步 串行 vs. 并发 并行 vs. 并发 任务 vs. 队列 队列 vs. 线程 同步 vs. 互斥">
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<meta property="og:description" content="本文主要对比了iOS多线程编程中所涉及的一些概念 进程 vs. 线程 同步 vs. 异步 串行 vs. 并发 并行 vs. 并发 任务 vs. 队列 队列 vs. 线程 同步 vs. 互斥 异步 + 串行 异步 + 并发 同步 + 串行(很少使用、可能死锁) 同步 + 并发(很少使用)">
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<meta property="og:updated_time" content="2018-09-18T07:49:29.490Z">
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<meta property="og:updated_time" content="2018-09-18T08:17:30.261Z">
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<meta name="twitter:title" content="多线程基础概念">
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<meta name="twitter:description" content="本文主要对比了iOS多线程编程中所涉及的一些概念 进程 vs. 线程 同步 vs. 异步 串行 vs. 并发 并行 vs. 并发 任务 vs. 队列 队列 vs. 线程 同步 vs. 互斥">
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<meta name="twitter:description" content="本文主要对比了iOS多线程编程中所涉及的一些概念 进程 vs. 线程 同步 vs. 异步 串行 vs. 并发 并行 vs. 并发 任务 vs. 队列 队列 vs. 线程 同步 vs. 互斥 异步 + 串行 异步 + 并发 同步 + 串行(很少使用、可能死锁) 同步 + 并发(很少使用)">
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<li>任务 vs. 队列</li>
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<li>异步 + 串行</li>
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<li>异步 + 并发</li>
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<li>同步 + 串行(很少使用、可能死锁)</li>
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<li>同步 + 并发(很少使用)</li>
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<h2 id="进程-vs-线程"><a href="#进程-vs-线程" class="headerlink" title="进程 vs. 线程"></a>进程 vs. 线程</h2><ul>
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<li>互斥:是指某一资源同时只允许一个访问者对其进行访问,具有唯一性和排它性。但互斥无法限制访问者对资源的访问顺序,即访问是无序的。 </li>
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<li>同步:是指在互斥的基础上(大多数情况),通过其它机制实现访问者对资源的有序访问。在大多数情况下,同步已经实现了互斥,特别是所有写入资源的情况必定是互斥的。少数情况是指可以允许多个访问者同时访问资源。</li>
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<h2 id="异步-串行"><a href="#异步-串行" class="headerlink" title="异步 + 串行"></a>异步 + 串行</h2><figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">- (void)asyncSerial &#123;</span><br><span class="line"> /* 1. 创建一个串行队列 */</span><br><span class="line"> dispatch_queue_t serialQueue = dispatch_queue_create(&quot;download.tsaievan.com&quot;, DISPATCH_QUEUE_SERIAL);</span><br><span class="line"> </span><br><span class="line"> /* 2. 将不同的任务添加到队列中 */</span><br><span class="line"> dispatch_async(serialQueue, ^&#123;</span><br><span class="line"> NSLog(@&quot;download1--------%@&quot;,[NSThread currentThread]);</span><br><span class="line"> &#125;);</span><br><span class="line"> </span><br><span class="line"> dispatch_async(serialQueue, ^&#123;</span><br><span class="line"> NSLog(@&quot;download2--------%@&quot;,[NSThread currentThread]);</span><br><span class="line"> &#125;);</span><br><span class="line"> </span><br><span class="line"> dispatch_async(serialQueue, ^&#123;</span><br><span class="line"> NSLog(@&quot;download3--------%@&quot;,[NSThread currentThread]);</span><br><span class="line"> &#125;);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
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<p>结论:开启了新的线程, 但是不管任务有多少个, 只开启一条新的线程, 任务的执行顺序也是按照队列中的顺序执行的, <strong>因为同一条线程中, 必须等到前一个任务执行完毕后, 才能执行下一个任务.</strong></p>
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<h2 id="异步-并发"><a href="#异步-并发" class="headerlink" title="异步 + 并发"></a>异步 + 并发</h2><figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">- (void)asyncConcurrent &#123;</span><br><span class="line"> </span><br><span class="line"> /* 1. 创建一个并发队列 */</span><br><span class="line"> dispatch_queue_t concurrentQueue = dispatch_queue_create(&quot;download.tsaievan.com&quot;, DISPATCH_QUEUE_CONCURRENT);</span><br><span class="line"> </span><br><span class="line"> /* 2. 将任务放到队列中, 下面的代码将三个任务放到队列中 */</span><br><span class="line"> dispatch_async(concurrentQueue, ^&#123;</span><br><span class="line"> NSLog(@&quot;download1-------%@&quot;,[NSThread currentThread]);</span><br><span class="line"> &#125;);</span><br><span class="line"> dispatch_async(concurrentQueue, ^&#123;</span><br><span class="line"> NSLog(@&quot;download2-------%@&quot;,[NSThread currentThread]);</span><br><span class="line"> &#125;);</span><br><span class="line"> dispatch_async(concurrentQueue, ^&#123;</span><br><span class="line"> NSLog(@&quot;download3-------%@&quot;,[NSThread currentThread]);</span><br><span class="line"> &#125;);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
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<p>结论:开启了不同的线程, 任务完成的顺序也是随机的,但是开启的线程数量不是无限的,到了上限之后就会复用之前的线程。</p>
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<h2 id="同步-串行"><a href="#同步-串行" class="headerlink" title="同步 + 串行"></a>同步 + 串行</h2><figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">- (void)syncSerial &#123;</span><br><span class="line"> /* 1. 创建串行队列 */</span><br><span class="line"> dispatch_queue_t serialQueue = dispatch_queue_create(&quot;download.tsaievan.com&quot;, DISPATCH_QUEUE_SERIAL);</span><br><span class="line"> </span><br><span class="line"> /* 2. 将任务放到队列中 */</span><br><span class="line"> dispatch_sync(serialQueue, ^&#123;</span><br><span class="line"> NSLog(@&quot;download1--------%@&quot;,[NSThread currentThread]);</span><br><span class="line"> &#125;);</span><br><span class="line"> </span><br><span class="line"> dispatch_sync(serialQueue, ^&#123;</span><br><span class="line"> NSLog(@&quot;download2--------%@&quot;,[NSThread currentThread]);</span><br><span class="line"> &#125;);</span><br><span class="line"> </span><br><span class="line"> dispatch_sync(serialQueue, ^&#123;</span><br><span class="line"> NSLog(@&quot;download3--------%@&quot;,[NSThread currentThread]);</span><br><span class="line"> &#125;);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
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<p>结论:没有开启新线程,会阻塞当前线程,按照添加到队列的顺序执行。如果是当前线程同步到当前线程会造成死锁。</p>
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<p>相当于方法A调用了方法B执行,方法B执行时发现需要等待方法A执行结束才能执行,所以会造成A等待B,B等待A的死循环情况。</p>
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<h2 id="同步-并发"><a href="#同步-并发" class="headerlink" title="同步 + 并发"></a>同步 + 并发</h2><figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">- (void)syncConcurrent &#123;</span><br><span class="line"> </span><br><span class="line"> /* 1. 创建一条并发队列 */</span><br><span class="line"> dispatch_queue_t concurrentQueue = dispatch_queue_create(&quot;download.tsaievan.com&quot;, DISPATCH_QUEUE_CONCURRENT);</span><br><span class="line"> </span><br><span class="line"> /* 2. 把任务放到队列中 */</span><br><span class="line"> dispatch_sync(concurrentQueue, ^&#123;</span><br><span class="line"> NSLog(@&quot;download1--------%@&quot;,[NSThread currentThread]);</span><br><span class="line"> &#125;);</span><br><span class="line"> </span><br><span class="line"> dispatch_sync(concurrentQueue, ^&#123;</span><br><span class="line"> NSLog(@&quot;download1--------%@&quot;,[NSThread currentThread]);</span><br><span class="line"> &#125;);</span><br><span class="line"> </span><br><span class="line"> dispatch_sync(concurrentQueue, ^&#123;</span><br><span class="line"> NSLog(@&quot;download1--------%@&quot;,[NSThread currentThread]);</span><br><span class="line"> &#125;);</span><br><span class="line"> </span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
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<p>结论:没有开启新线程,会阻塞当前线程,执行顺序按照添加到队列的顺序执行。</p>
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<div class="post-toc-content"><ol class="nav"><li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#进程-vs-线程"><span class="nav-number">1.</span> <span class="nav-text">进程 vs. 线程</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#同步-vs-异步"><span class="nav-number">2.</span> <span class="nav-text">同步 vs. 异步</span></a><ol class="nav-child"><li class="nav-item nav-level-5"><a class="nav-link" href="#另外-还有一点需要明确的是"><span class="nav-number">2.0.0.1.</span> <span class="nav-text">另外, 还有一点需要明确的是</span></a></li></ol></li></ol></li></ol></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#串行-vs-并发"><span class="nav-number">3.</span> <span class="nav-text">串行 vs. 并发</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#并行-vs-并发"><span class="nav-number">4.</span> <span class="nav-text">并行 vs. 并发</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#任务-vs-队列"><span class="nav-number">5.</span> <span class="nav-text">任务 vs. 队列</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#队列-vs-线程"><span class="nav-number">6.</span> <span class="nav-text">队列 vs. 线程</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#同步-vs-互斥"><span class="nav-number">7.</span> <span class="nav-text">同步 vs. 互斥</span></a></li></ol></div>
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<div class="post-toc-content"><ol class="nav"><li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#进程-vs-线程"><span class="nav-number">1.</span> <span class="nav-text">进程 vs. 线程</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#同步-vs-异步"><span class="nav-number">2.</span> <span class="nav-text">同步 vs. 异步</span></a><ol class="nav-child"><li class="nav-item nav-level-5"><a class="nav-link" href="#另外-还有一点需要明确的是"><span class="nav-number">2.0.0.1.</span> <span class="nav-text">另外, 还有一点需要明确的是</span></a></li></ol></li></ol></li></ol></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#串行-vs-并发"><span class="nav-number">3.</span> <span class="nav-text">串行 vs. 并发</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#并行-vs-并发"><span class="nav-number">4.</span> <span class="nav-text">并行 vs. 并发</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#任务-vs-队列"><span class="nav-number">5.</span> <span class="nav-text">任务 vs. 队列</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#队列-vs-线程"><span class="nav-number">6.</span> <span class="nav-text">队列 vs. 线程</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#同步-vs-互斥"><span class="nav-number">7.</span> <span class="nav-text">同步 vs. 互斥</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#异步-串行"><span class="nav-number">8.</span> <span class="nav-text">异步 + 串行</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#异步-并发"><span class="nav-number">9.</span> <span class="nav-text">异步 + 并发</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#同步-串行"><span class="nav-number">10.</span> <span class="nav-text">同步 + 串行</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#同步-并发"><span class="nav-number">11.</span> <span class="nav-text">同步 + 并发</span></a></li></ol></div>
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‎css/main.css

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‎index.html

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<li>同步 + 并发(很少使用)</li>
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