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Commit 9bd3888

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Badacadabra
committed
Add Template (ES5 + ES6 + CoffeeScript + TypeScript)
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‎doc/GoF/Behavioral/Template/README.md

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# Synopsis
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I am a construction professional and I always respect the basic principles of my job. I build houses and buildings following the common sense.
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# Problem
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Building something like a house is not trivial. It is very technical and, if you are not a construction professional, you may do things in the wrong order. For example, you could be tempted to build walls on a ground that is not fully prepared, leading to weak foundations.
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# Solution
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Even for professionals, it is good to have a template (like a plan drawn by an architect). This template makes it clear that you have to work on foundations first, then build walls and finally put the roof.
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The Template design pattern is an ideal candidate to express with code this kind of situation. For this pattern, we need:
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* An abstract representation of a construction (abstract class is preferred because it makes it possible to implement the template method which will be the same for every type of construction)
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* Concrete constructions (House & Building)
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Most methods on the abstract class are abstract and are implemented in concrete constructions.
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# ==============================
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# ABSTRACT HOME
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# ==============================
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class Home
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constructor: ->
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throw new Error "You cannot instantiate an abstract class!" if @constructor is Home
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foundations: ->
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throw new Error "You cannot call an abstract method!"
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walls: ->
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throw new Error "You cannot call an abstract method!"
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roof: ->
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throw new Error "You cannot call an abstract method!"
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build: ->
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"""
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Construction of a new home:
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1. #{this.foundations()}
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2. #{this.walls()}
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3. #{this.roof()}\n
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"""
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# ==============================
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# CONCRETE HOMES
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# ==============================
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class House extends Home
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foundations: ->
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"House foundations"
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walls: ->
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"House walls"
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roof: ->
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"House roof"
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class Building extends Home
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foundations: ->
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"Apartment building foundations"
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walls: ->
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"Apartment building walls"
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roof: ->
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"Apartment building roof"
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# ==============================
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# CLIENT CODE
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# ==============================
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house = new House
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building = new Building
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console.log house.build()
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console.log building.build()
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// ==============================
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// ABSTRACT HOME
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// ==============================
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abstract class Home {
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public abstract foundations(): string;
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public abstract walls(): string;
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public abstract roof(): string;
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public build(): string {
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return `
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Construction of a new home:
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1. ${this.foundations()}
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2. ${this.walls()}
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3. ${this.roof()}`;
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}
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}
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// ==============================
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// CONCRETE HOMES
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// ==============================
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class House extends Home {
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public foundations(): string {
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return "House foundations";
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}
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public walls(): string {
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return "House walls";
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}
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public roof(): string {
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return "House roof";
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}
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}
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class Building extends Home {
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public foundations(): string {
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return "Apartment building foundations";
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}
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public walls(): string {
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return "Apartment building walls";
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}
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public roof(): string {
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return "Apartment building roof";
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}
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}
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// ==============================
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// CLIENT CODE
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// ==============================
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let house: Home = new House(),
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building: Home = new Building();
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console.log(house.build());
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console.log(building.build());
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'use strict';
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// ==============================
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// ABSTRACT HOME
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// ==============================
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var Home = (function() {
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function Home() {
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if (this.constructor === Home) {
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throw new Error("You cannot instantiate an abstract class!");
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}
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}
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Home.prototype.foundations = function () {
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throw new Error("You cannot call an abstract method!");
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};
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Home.prototype.walls = function () {
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throw new Error("You cannot call an abstract method!");
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};
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Home.prototype.roof = function () {
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throw new Error("You cannot call an abstract method!");
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};
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Home.prototype.build = function () {
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var home = "";
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home += "Construction of a new home:\n";
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home += " 1. " + this.foundations();
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home += " 2. " + this.walls();
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home += " 3. " + this.roof();
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return home;
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};
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return Home;
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})();
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// ==============================
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// CONCRETE HOMES
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// ==============================
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var House = (function () {
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function House() {}
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House.prototype = Object.create(Home.prototype);
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House.prototype.constructor = House;
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House.prototype.foundations = function () {
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return "House foundations\n";
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};
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House.prototype.walls = function () {
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return "House walls\n";
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};
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House.prototype.roof = function () {
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return "House roof\n";
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};
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return House;
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})();
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var Building = (function () {
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function Building() {}
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Building.prototype = Object.create(Home.prototype);
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Building.prototype.constructor = Building;
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Building.prototype.foundations = function () {
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return "Apartment building foundations\n";
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};
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Building.prototype.walls = function () {
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return "Apartment building walls\n";
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};
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Building.prototype.roof = function () {
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return "Apartment building roof\n";
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};
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return Building;
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})();
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// ==============================
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// CLIENT CODE
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// ==============================
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var house = new House(),
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building = new Building();
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console.log(house.build());
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console.log(building.build());
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// ==============================
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// ABSTRACT HOME
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// ==============================
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class Home {
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constructor() {
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if (new.target !== undefined) {
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throw new Error("You cannot instantiate an abstract class!");
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}
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}
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foundations() {
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throw new Error("You cannot call an abstract method!");
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}
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walls() {
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throw new Error("You cannot call an abstract method!");
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}
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roof() {
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throw new Error("You cannot call an abstract method!");
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}
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build() {
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return `
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Construction of a new home:
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1. ${this.foundations()}
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2. ${this.walls()}
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3. ${this.roof()}`;
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}
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}
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// ==============================
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// CONCRETE HOMES
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// ==============================
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class House extends Home {
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foundations() {
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return "House foundations";
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}
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walls() {
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return "House walls";
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}
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roof() {
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return "House roof";
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}
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}
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class Building extends Home {
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foundations() {
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return "Apartment building foundations";
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}
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walls() {
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return "Apartment building walls";
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}
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roof() {
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return "Apartment building roof";
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}
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}
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// ==============================
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// CLIENT CODE
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// ==============================
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let house = new House(),
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building = new Building();
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console.log(house.build());
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console.log(building.build());

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